2016年高考英语作文写作技巧

1、高考英语作文写作技巧 2016.4.28 iEnse Van整编第一步：审题-考虑 体裁 时态 人称 要点第二步：草拟提纲简单列出要点句的关键词语或句型第三步：扩展成句-连句成篇-合理发挥 注意前后连贯，适当使用过渡词第四步：检查修改主要检查语法及粗心错误，注意书写规范，卷面整洁 （同时注意：文章结尾要精彩，可适当使用一些表示情感因素的句式使文章更自然、得体）第一讲：高级词汇和句式结构一(并列句，状语从句)一、高级词汇当我们对写作的信息要点已经确定和掌握之后，首先，我们要把这些信息要点变成简单的小句子。然后，给这些句子添加定语，状语和高级词汇的名词，或者将这些句子中的动词，形容词用高级词汇替换

2、掉。我们应当掌握的高级词汇：（主要是形容词，动词和名词）severe 替换掉serious（严重的）a severe water shortage严重缺水wealthy 替换掉rich （富裕的）beneficial替换good(有益的) It is good/beneficial for sb. to do sth. I think this activity is beneficial. undesirable ndzarbl 替换掉 bad （不好的，不受欢迎的）nevertheless 替换掉 however/but（然而，不过）fundamental / significant/vi

3、tal vatl/crucial kru:l替换掉 important（重要的）play an important role in 扮演一个重要的角色在.中A play an increasingly significant role in Brelevant 替换掉 related （有关的）.is highly relevant to.与.有着紧密的联系extraordinary/amazing 替换掉 surprising （惊人的，非凡的）provided/providing （that）替换掉 if（如果.）on condition that替换掉 as long aspromote

4、 /strengthen/enhance替换掉 improve （提高，加强） cope kp with 替换掉 solve（解决）motivate 替换掉 encourage（激励）*地道pros and cons 替换掉 advantages and disadvantages（好处和坏处）-You must consider all the pros and cons of the matter before you make a decision.在你做决定之前，必须考虑这个问题的正反两个方面.approach / method 替换掉 way（方法，方案）adopt 替换掉 use

5、（采用，采取）the aged 替换掉 old people（老人）adolescents 替换掉 the young （青少年）employment/occupation 替换掉 job（就业,工作）affair 替换掉 thing （事情，东西）catastrophe ktstrfi替换掉（disaster 灾难）subscribe sbskrab to 替换掉 agree with（同意）acquire 替换掉 gain （获得（尤指知识上的）administration 替换掉 government （政府部门）extremely/desperatelydesprtl替换掉 very/

6、hard （非常地，极度地/拼命地,勤奋地）for instance 替换掉 for example （例如）advocate 倡导 替换掉suggest, proposecompensate for替换掉make up弥补.Hence 替换掉so 因此In contemporary society, 在当今社会,In this fiercely competitive society, 在这个激烈竞争的社会中， 状语结构形式A vast amount of 大量的替换掉a lot of sustainable development 可持续发展be abundant in 富有. 替换掉 b

7、e rich inon ones own account 为了某人自己的利益on account of/ in view of 鉴于， 由于by no means 绝不arise from 由.引起assess 评估，评价authentic 替换掉true真实的，可信的trend 趋势，趋向，潮流emphasize 强调，重视devote替换spend-He devotes all his spare time to reading.nothing but替换very-The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.be suppo

8、sed to 替换shouldtake responsibilities to do sth.承担责任去做.appreciate 替换thank (表示感谢)effect/impact 替换 influencempkt n.碰撞，冲击，撞击;影响;冲击力;Culture has profound impact on life. On+名词/doing, No soonerthan/Hardlywhen/The moment替换as soon as-As soon as he arrived, he began his research. -On his arrival, he began hi

9、s research.-No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.due to替换because ofcontribute to替换 be helpful/useful/cause-Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby -The summer vacation is round the corner (coming). come up wit

10、h替换think oftake .sth into consideration 替换thinkIt occurs to me that替换I realize (我意识到，认识到) It occurs to me that English is significant.set aside替换save be of + n. 替换adj. occurs k:z v.发生(occur的第三人称单数);被想起;被发现;cannot but / cannot help but替换have to domore often than not替换usuallylest lestconj.唯恐;以免;惟恐;生怕;

11、 替换so that /in order that (为了)be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish forbe crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested inperfect (ly)/fantastic/amazing 替换good/ very wellspare no efforts to do/ make ones best endeavors to do替换try ones best to dostruggle for 为了. 而奋斗

12、ndevzn.（复）努力，尽力profound : prfandadj.远的,深刻的,深奥的 （搭配impact）frankly :adv.说实话 indifferent :adj.冷漠的 comprehensive : kmprhensvadj.综合的diligent : dldntadj.勤奋的 excessive : ksesvadj.过多的conventional : knvennl adj.传统的,惯例的,常见的 prospective : prspektvadj.有前景的,未来的,有前途的 reach a consensusknsenss达成共识prosperous : prspr

13、sadj.繁荣的 (hometown, future) ultimately : ltmtli adv.最终地dominant : dmnntadj.支配的 miracle : mrkln.奇迹 constantly : knstntli adv.不断地 extensive : kstensvadj.广泛的 essentially : senliadv.本质上 drawback : dr:bk n.缺点 dilemma : dlemn.困境 globalization : glblazen n.全球化 stimulate: stmjuletv.刺激urbanization : :bnazenn

14、.城市化innovation : nvenn.发明,创新 guarantee : grnti: v.保证 conquer :kk(r)v.克服 illustrate : lstret v.阐述 circumstance : s:kmstns n. 情况 underestimate ndrestmet:v.低估 cultivate : kltvetv. 培养 (的感觉) include: v.包含controversial : kntrv:l adj.有争议的 life quality:生活质量 a sense of happiness:幸福感sincere: adj.真诚的 expect/lo

15、ok forward to:期待 in order to do:为了I sincerely look forward to your reply. In order to promote life quality and a sense of happiness of the old, I sincerely hope that you can come with us to nursing home.我喜欢 I like=I am interested in =I am fond of =I spend most of my spare time in doing我认为 I think /b

16、elieve/feel =In my opinion=From my point of view,=As far as I am concerned,=I cannot deny that 一些 a large number of, a great deal of, a couple of, a large amount of ,a quantity of ,various 得到 get obtain grab acquire achieve gain attain重要的 important necessary basic fundamental primary elementary sign

17、ificant central好的 good great perfect ideal beneficial out-standing excellent brilliant brlint令人吃惊的/棒的amazing fantastic extra-ordinary unbelievable incredible二、句型结构（一）-并列句，状语从句and, but, so because, if, when, as if, as, while, 你想说什么不是最重要的，你能说出来什么才是最重要的。 实战演练以2015全国卷为例邀请函，李华邀请外教Lucy 一起去养老院陪老人过重阳节。单词：nu

18、rsing home the Double Ninth Festival 信息点：1，出发及返回时间 2，活动：包饺子表演节目草稿：第一段：背景介绍（重阳节到了，去养老院）目的介绍（请您同往） 第二段：信息点介绍（开始结束时间） 活动（包饺子，唱歌，跳舞） 第三段：结尾（真诚期待，盼回复）单句展开：1，重阳节到了，The Double Ninth Festival is coming.2，去养老院, we plan to go to the nursing home3，开始，结束时间 this activity will begin at 10 am and end about 8 pm on

19、 the day of Double Ninth Festival.4，包饺子，唱歌，跳舞, we will make dumplings, sing and dance5, 真诚期待，盼回复 we sincerely look forward to your reply.开始添加一些简单的高大上话，添加形容词/副词，改写动词，这活动是好的对老人和我们。老人扮演着很重要的作用在生活中。为了提高老人的生活质量和幸福感 我相信，通过此次活动我们可以培养学生的责任感。beneficial/fundamental/significant/vital/crucial play an important

20、role in扮演一个重要的角色在. 中promote /strengthen（提高，加强）for instance（例如）take responsibilities to do sth.承担责任去做.In contemporary society 在当今社会23.5范本句：Because the Double Ninth Festival is coming, in order to promote life quality and a sense of happiness of the aged, we plan to go to the nursing home.第二讲：句式结构二和修辞

21、手法一、句式结构（二）-定语从句、强调句 从2001年起实行的高考评分标准强调了内容要点,语言的多样性、连贯性和得体性, 鼓励学生尝试语言表达的多样化和复杂化。因此要写成一篇较有水准的英语作文,除了要点和语言准确度以外,还必须在语用、语法结构以及表达的多样性和灵活性上有所表现。句子单一、缺乏生气的文章,哪怕没有任何错误也不可能得高分,相反,“有些许错误,但是为了使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致”,给分档次仍在最高档。 在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句式,要灵活运用诸如定语从句、强调句、主从复合句、分词短语、倒装句、省略句等。 1，定语从句(原文) 这活动是好的对老人和我们。 我相信，通过此次活动

22、我们可以培养学生的责任感。This activity is beneficial for the aged and us. As far as I am concerned，through this activity we can cultivate students sense of responsibility.(改写) As far as I am concerned，this activity is beneficial for the aged and us, through which (this activity) we can cultivate students sense

23、of responsibility.2，强调句 (原文) The dog has saved my little sister bravely. (改写) It is the dog that has saved my little sister bravely. (原文) 在当今社会，老人扮演着很重要的作用在生活中。 In contemporary society，the aged play a significant role in life.(改写)In contemporary society，It is the aged that play a significant role in

24、 life.n.二、修辞手法:一.导入句型1.As far as .is concerned 就而言 As far as contemporary society is concerned, more and more work needs English.2.It goes without saying that. 不言而喻，. 主语, 伴随状语3.It can be said with certainty that. 可以肯定地说. 主语,伴随状语4.As the proverb says， 正如谚语所说的， 5.It has to be noticed that. 它必须注意到，. 6.

25、Its generally recognized that. 它普遍认为. 7.Its likely that . 这可能是因为. 8.Its hard that. 这是很难的.9.Its hardly too much to say that. 它几乎没有太多的说(议论文)10.What calls for special attention is that.需要特别注意的是 主，宾11.Theres no denying the fact that.毫无疑问，无可否认 同位语从句12.Nothing is more important than the fact that. 没有什么比这更

26、重要的是同位语从句 Nothing is more important形容词的比较级否定表最高级13.whats far more important is that. 更重要的是二.衔接句型1.A case in point is that. 一个典型的例子是. 2.But the problem is not so simple. Therefore 然而问题并非如此简单，所以3.But its a pity that. 但遗憾的是 *4.Further, we hold opinion that. 此外，我们坚持认为. 5.However , the difficulty lies in

27、(位于). (+n.)然而，困难在于6.Similarly, we should pay attention to. 同样，我们要注意. 7. 在这方面In this respect, we may as well (say) 从这个角度上我们可以说In this respect, we may as well say key to this problem lies in approach(方法).8.However, we have to look at the other side of the coin(比喻), that is. 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即 三 .常用于引言段

28、的句型1.Some people think that . 有些人认为2.To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如下。 3. I believe the statement is valid because. 我认为这个论点是正确的，因为4. My argument for this view goes as follows.我对这个问题的看法如下。5. Along with the development of+n., more and more.随着的

29、发展，越来越多 my ability ,society ,technology ,economy常用谚语1. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 2. Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。3. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。4. Time is money. 一寸光阴一寸金。 5. Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月无情；岁月易逝；岁月不待人。6.Knowledge is pow

30、er. 知识就是力量。7.Practice(实践) makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 8.Where is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。9.Every coin has two sides. 凡事皆有好坏。10.Its never too old to learn. 活到老学到老。实战演练以模考卷为例建议信，你是李华收到Lucy 的一封信，信中谈到自己选择大学专业的疑虑，选择历史还是英语。历史是自己的爱好，但就业不好，英语专业就业好。信息点：1，你的建议 2，你的理由 3，其余建议草稿：第一段：背景介绍（收到信）目的介绍（个人建议学英语） 第二段：信息

31、点介绍（理由1，就业2，个人发展）其余建议（历史课外爱好） 第三段：结尾（真诚地希望你仔细考虑，盼回复）单句展开：1，收到你的信了，I received your letter.2，信是关于大学专业的选择, The letter is about major choice in university.3，我建议你学英语 I suggest that you learn English.4，理由1，好就业English is beneficial for your employment.5，理由2，个人发展 English plays a significant role in your per

32、sonal development.6, 其余建议（历史课外爱好）You could read history in spare time7, 真诚地希望你仔细考虑，盼回复I sincerely hope you could take it into consideration and look forward to your reply.开始添加一些简单的高大上话，添加形容词/副词，改写动词，添加修辞句，改写定语从句为了提高自己的生活质量， 我相信，通过学英语你可以获得有前途的未来。定语从句，强调句1.As far as .is concerned 就而言3.It can be said w

33、ith certainty that. 可以肯定地说. 5. Along with the development of, more and more.随着的发展，越来越多范本句：1,I received your letter ，which (The letter) is about major choice in university.2, It is English that is beneficial for your employment.3, It can be said with certainty that English plays a significant role in

34、 your personal development.4, As far as university major is concerned, in order to promote life quality, I suggest that you learn English.5, Along with the development of society, it can be said with certainty that more and more work needs English.6，From my point of view, you can obtain a prosperous

35、 future through learning English.第三讲：句式结构三和修辞手法一、句式结构（三）- 倒装句Only + 状语/状语从句主句部分倒装（1情态动词+主语+余句2系动词+主语+余句3时助+主语+余句）(原文) 我相信，通过学英语你可以获得有前途的未来。From my point of view, you can obtain a prosperous future through learning English.(改写)From my point of view, only through learning English can you obtain a pros

36、perous future .(原文) 在当今社会，我们能够提高生活质量和幸福感通过共同的努力。 In contemporary society，we can promote our life quality and sense of happiness through our efforts.(改写)In contemporary society，only through our efforts can we promote our life quality and sense of happiness .二、修辞手法：非谓语动词-ing -ed to do it is +adj.+ to

37、do sth.（原文）你意识到英语的重要性。你会知道选英语是明智的。 You realize the significance of English. You will know it is advisable to choose English. （改写） Realizing the significance of English, you will know it is advisable to choose English. 实战演练（2012）假定你是李华，从互联网(the Internet)上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡(Singapore)举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封

38、电子邮件申请参加。 内容主要包括: 1.自我介绍(包括英语能力); 2.参加意图(介绍中国、了解其他国家);3.希望获准。范本句：意识到英语的重要性，我觉得参加此次夏令营是很必要的。Realizing the significance of English, I believe it is essential to take part in this camp.在现代社会，只有通过交流我们才能结交更多朋友/更了解外国文化。In contemporary society，only through communication can we make more friends / know more

39、 about foreign culture .第四讲：段落结构、有效连词和过渡词一、高考英语文章主体段落三大杀手锏 （一）背景介绍，目的介绍（亮点：语法长难句，词汇）（二）信息点展开（亮点：内容充实，逻辑清晰，语法体现）（三）目的强调，格式表达，（亮点：语法展示）二、 写作中常用逻辑顺序词逻辑词的使用可避免结构松散，层次不明，表意不清等，使文章条理清楚，文字连贯流畅。初级顺序型（1-2-3-4）first.next.and then.finally，first.then.after that.finally；中级顺序词（1-2-3-4）to begin with.then.furthermo

40、refinally，To start withnextin addition finally Firstlybesideslast but not leaston the one hand，on the other hand/for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点)高级顺序词：首先：to begin with, to start with, firstly 其次，第二：besides，whats more，let alone，worse still，moreover，even，furthermore；最后：finally，last but not leas

41、t, above all(最重要的)列举型：There are following reasons(suggestions/advantages). I have following reasons/feelings/realization.转折型：however，but，yet，although，otherwise，instead，on the contrary；举例型：for example，for instance，such as，that is，like，take.for example；因果型：because (of)，since，therefore，as a result，than

42、ks to，thus，due to；总结型：in conclusion，in a word，to sum up，in short，on the whole；见解型：in my opinion，personally speaking，as far as I am concerned.实战演练假设你叫李华，在2008年暑假期间成为了北京奥运会的一名志愿者，请你用英语给美国的笔友Tom写一封100字左右的信，谈谈你当志愿者的心得体会。要点如下： 1志愿者工作艰辛而快乐； 2锻炼了英语口语； 3增强了合作精神和责任感；4你感到很骄傲，并将珍藏这份记忆。范本句：我有以下感受：首先，为了去提高服务质量，志

43、愿者的工作很累，然而，我们能够获得快乐和友谊。其次，认识到英语学习的重要性，我认为这是非常有益的机会去练习口语。最重要的是，此次活动增强了合作精神和责任感。 我很骄傲，会珍藏这份记忆。只有通过我们共同的努力我们的祖国才能更繁荣。 I have following realization. To begin with, in order to promote the service quality, our work is tiring. However, we could obtain happiness and friendship. Whats more, Realizing the si

44、gnificance of English, I believe it is beneficial chance to practice English. The last but not the least, it is this activity that strengthens our teamwork and sense of responsibility. I am so proud and will keep this precious memory forever. Only with our joint efforts can our motherland be more pr

45、osperous.第五讲：各种文体结构和特殊句型主要文体：记叙文，议论文，应用文（一）记叙文：时态，逻辑，主题（二）议论文：观点，论据常用表达：1，表示事实、现状 1）We cannot ignore the fact that 2）No one can deny the fact that 3）There is no denying the fact that 4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in. 2，表示数量 1）It has increased（decreased）fromto 2）The populatio

46、n in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000 3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15 compared with that of January 3，表示看法 1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth 2）People have different opinions on this problem 3）People take different views of（on）the qu

47、estion 4）Some people believe thatOthers argue that 4，表示结论 1）In short，it can be said that 2）It may be briefly summed up as follows 3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that （三） 应用文类型:书信、通知、日记、海报、便条、启事、欢迎词、欢送词、告别词、广告书信类型: 事务书信和私人信件 （求职信、投诉信、慰问信、建议信、说明信、感谢信） 高考重点考查的几类书信：建议

48、信、求职信/申请信、抱怨信/投诉信几种书信常用的表达式建议信You have asked me for my advice with/ regard to/on and I will try to make some suggestions.I would like to suggest thatIt is important to It helps to It should be a good idea toI think it would be a good idea/ more beneficial if you couldWhy not?/ Why dont you? I hope y

49、ou will find these suggestions helpful. 求职信/申请信I learned from/ I readin （the newspaper ） I am thinking I am suitable for the job/position.I graduated from / I have rich experience in doingI will devote myself to it if I can get it. / I would appreciate it if you can give a chance.Im looking forward

50、to your reply （interview）./ Hope for an early reply. 抱怨信/投诉信I am writing to make a complaint /to express my dissatisfaction aboutI would like to get this matter settled by the end of this month.I hope you can give me a satisfying reply and deal with this matter seriously.I trust you will take my com

51、plaint seriously and do something to this matter.I must warn you that unless you do something about the situation, I will be forced to take legal action.实战演练例文1 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据要点写封回信。要点：1. 参加中文学习班 2. 看中文书刊、电视 3. 学唱中文歌曲 4. 交中国朋友注意：1. 词数100左右 2. 可适当增加细节 3.开头语已为你写好Dear Peter,Im gl

52、ad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well._ Best wishes,Li Hua 【写作指导】 信件类型：建议信 内容： 写信人就某事或某问题提出建议 主体时态：一般现在时 正文部分：必须给对方问题明确答复；建议的内容要层次清楚，目的明确，具有合理性和说服力；语言要正确、清晰、礼貌、体贴，易于对方接受。【范文】Dear Peter,Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese w

53、ell. I have following suggestions. First, it is Important to take a Chinese course, as youll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. Whats more, it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible. The last but not the lea

54、st, it would be more beneficial if you could learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so youll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends，who will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.Only with efforts can you learn it well. I believe you can make it .Try and write me in Chinese next time.Best wishes,Li Hua 第六讲 满分作文 词组奉送1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of peoples li