在职研究生英语

1、.近义词1、 Despite her wealth and position,Linda still remainedmodest about herself and lived in thesame one-storeyed house as before.( unassuming)2、 People livingon the island still observe the customs which arose from circumstances thathave long since changed. ( stemmed from)3、 When I asked him why he

2、 hadntcome to the meeting, he gave thefeeble excuse that he dforgotten what time it was. (flabby )4、 Dr. Elwood said the belief that milk could be harmful was based on theassumption that fatcauses heart disease. ( premise)5、 In my opinion, true patriotismlies in putting the interests of ones country

3、 above everythingincluding one s own life. (consists in )6、 A real love song is more appropriate for this occasion than arubbishy song cooked up as acommercial gimmick. (trashy )7、 It was a very long journey from York to London and Ross was grateful for Johns company.( society)8、 One of the good thi

4、ngs about Amanda is that you can always rely on her inexhaustibleenthusiasm. (unfailing )9、 There has been enough playing around so lets get down to business.（begin our work ）10、 How is it possible for our human body to convert yesterdays lunch into todays muscle?（turn ）11、It is important for famili

5、es toobserve their traditions even as their children get older （ follow ）12、 Romantic novels, as opposed to realistic ones, tend to present idealized versions of life, often with a happy ending. （in contrast to ）13、 The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implications of t

6、he events.（neglected）14、 We suspect there is a quite deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission. （ intentional ）15、 So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to have been a party to them.（ hardly ）16、Whenever you need To

7、m, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him. （ count on）单选题（D ） 1、 My husband, because of his own professional _ ,goes to Cambridge every week.A. judgmentsB. criteriaC. personalitiesD. commitments（C） 2、While looking for the address book, Mr. Hailey _ s

8、ome of his old love letters in hiswife s drawer.A. came aboutB. came up withC. came acrossD. came out with（B ）3、Malaysia and Indonesia rely on open markets for forest and fishery products. _ ,someAsian countries are highly protectionist.A. DeliberatelyB. ConverselyC. EvidentlyD. Naturally（C） 4、Proba

9、bly the physics of the mid-nineteenth century was not as spectacular as that of the_and following periods, but its theoretical advances were nevertheless very impressive.A. posteriorB. overwhelmingC. precedingD. potential;.(D) 5 、_ her dreams, Lynne traveled the world, leaving her 2-year-old son Ste

10、phen in the care of babysitters.A. In spite ofB. In case ofC.In place ofD. In pursuit of（A ）6、Such an approach forces managers to communicate with one another and helps _ rigiddepartmental boundaries.A. break downB. stand forC. set offD. pass over（B ） 7、Hard training will _ you richly when it comes

11、to the actual competition.A. bringB. payC. serveD. make（D ）8、I never heard anyone in my village mention my uncle Tony-I think he was a bit of a _.A. white elephantB. dark horseC. guinea pigD. black sheep(C) 9、 My oldest son had just finished an _ holiday stay prior to moving to a new State,anew job,

12、 and the next chapter in his life.A. enlargedB. expandedC. extendedD. increased(A) 10、 . Blacks and American Indians _ less than 10% of students in the top 30 business schools, while they are about 28% of the U.S. population.A. make upB. take upC. reach outD. turn out(D) 11 、 There are several facto

13、rs _ therapid growth of salespromotion, particularly inconsumer markets.A. resorting toB. appealing toC. applying toD. contributing to(D) 12 、 The Internet has been developing at a speed _ peoples expectations in the past two decades.A. overB. ofC. underD. beyond(C) 13 、 The world economic recession

14、 put an _ end to the steel market upturn that began in2002.A. irregularB. illegalC. abruptD. absurd(D) 14 、 Im _ about how you discovered my website, and am very glad if you enjoy it.A. mysteriousB. furiousC. seriousD. curious(D) 15 、 The new aircraft will be _ to a test of temperatures of 65 and 12

15、0 .A. suspendedB. suppressedC. summonedD. subjected(A) 16、 Many countries have conservation programs to prevent certain _offish from becoming extinct.A. speciesB. sourcesC. numbersD. members完形填空（选1 篇）Unit 1Many people think it is difficult to build a winning image because there are no identifiable s

16、tandards by which they can measure the results of their efforts. The intangible quality of image-building does not permit you to grasp anything concrete on a day-to-day basis, but in the long run, tangible results will definitely be evident.If you are one of those people who is overly concerned abou

17、t the intangible quality of image-building, let me remind you that many of the products and services you are very familiar with are also intangible. Yet their value is evident. For example, a successful salesman who sells a product such as insurance, education, securities, or mutual funds knows how

18、to create need, even though the prospect cantactually see or touch what he is buying. Consequently, you must realize;.that knowing how to get results is whats really important. By now you should understand enoughabout winning images to learn how to build one. Youll soon discover thatyou can accompli

19、shoutstanding results if you know what you want and how to get it. Once you reach this point, youmust establish obtainable goals and then commit yourself to achieving them.Perhaps my own experience in building a winning image will help you to relate to the process.Please keep in mind that when my fa

20、ther and I started our business fifteen years ago, we hand very limited capital, and we were selling an intangible product. And even though we now have awinning image from coast to coast, we never spent any money on advertising ( I firmly believe“itpaid to advertise,”but inour particular case we cho

21、se not to). Today, our company,ShookAssociates Corporations, is considered one of the finestprofessional sales organizationsin ourindustry.Unit 2There have been majorchanges in attitudes towardcourtship and marriage amongthosemiddle-class, educated Americans who are celebrated in the media as style

22、setters for American life. Courtship was once a regular part of American life; it was a long period, sometimes lasting for many years, and also a tentative one, during which a future husband or wife could still turn back but during which their relationship became more and more exclusive and socially

23、 recognized. Courtship both preceded the announcement of an engagement and followed it, although a broken engagement was so serious that it could be expected to throw the girl into a depression from whichshe might never recover.There were definite rules governing the courtship period, from the“bundl

24、ing ”permitted in earlyNew England days, when young couples slept side by side withall their clothes on, to strictetiquette that prescribed what sort of gifts a man might give his fiance in circles where expensivepresents were customary. Gifts had to be either immediately consumable, like candy or f

25、lowers, or indestructible, like diamonds which could be given back, their value unimpaired, if there was a rift in the relationship. Objects that could be damaged by use like gloves and furs, were forbidden.A gentleman might call for a lady in a cab or in his own equipage, but it was regarded as ina

26、ppropriate for him to pay for her train fare if they went on a journey.英译汉一、 An ecosystem is a group of animals and plants living in a specific region and interacting with one another and with their physical environment. Ecosystems include physical and chemical components, such as soils, water, and

27、nutrients that support the organisms living there. These organisms may range form large animals to microscopic bacteria. Ecosystem also can be thought of as the interactions among all organisms in a given area; for instance, one species may serve as food for another. People are part of the ecosystem

28、s where they live and work. Human activitiescan harm or destroy local ecosystems unless actions such as land development for housing or businesses are carefully planned to conserve and sustain the ecology of the area.答：生态系统是指共同生活在一个特定区域内的动植物之间以及这些动植物与其生存环境之间相互作用而形成的一个整体。生态系统包括物理和化学元素，诸如：土壤，水分，以及维持生物

29、生存的营养物质。生物可以是大型的动物，也可以是微型生物。生态系统也可以被看作是在特定区域内所有生物的相互作用，比如说一种生物可能是另一种生物的食物。人类也是他们生活工作所处的生态系统的一个组成部分。除非人类在为住房或商业需求进行土地;.开发这些活动做好精心计划以保护和维持这一地区的生态环境，否则这些人类活动就会对当地的生态系统造成破坏。二、 Over the years, we tend to think that nuclear technologies and the necessary knowhow toensure nuclear safety have been developed

30、 to a level that possibilitiesfor any major nuclearaccidents are almost nonexistent and if it does happen, it will be controlled in the capable hands of nuclear engineers. However, reality has proved again that you just cant be too careful to handle nuclear energy. We dont know for sure yet what wil

31、l be left behind Japans nuclear crisis, but it will be certain that it is time to reexamine our nuclear practices and many more efforts need to be made to ensure nuclear safety in the future.答：这些年来， 我们习惯性地认为原子能技术和必要的实践经验已经足以保证核安全。一切重大的核事故几乎都不存在， 哪怕其真的发生， 也会被有能力的核工程师们控制影响。 然而，事实再一次证明处理核能源再小心都不为过。我们还不

32、确定日本的核灾难会留下什么影响，但现在一定是我们重新审查原子能实践的时候了。为确保将来的核安全，我们还需付出很多努力。汉译英一、全球化作为一种新的经济和社会发展趋势，给中国带来了机遇，也带来了挑战。一方面， 中国正成为世界制造业中心并在国际舞台上发挥着日益重要的作用；另一方面，我们也面临 着如何在全球化进程中既要发展经济，又能传承优秀文化传统的问题。答： As a new economic and social treads, globalization has brought China opportunities and challenges as well. On the one han

33、d, China is on the road to become the worlds manufacturing center and playing an increasingly significant role in the international arena; on the other hand, we are faced with the problem that how not only should the economy is being developed, but also the outstanding cultural traditions can be pas

34、sed on in the process of globalization.二、中国有着5000 年的文化传统，历经劫波而生生不息，我们一定要充分发扬祖国的文化传统。同时我们也懂得，要学习和借鉴世界先进的文明。只有这样，才能使祖国的文化得到进一步发展，也就是我常说的，只有开放包容，才能使祖国强大。答： China has 5000 years of cultural tradition. Having undergone various hardships, the countrystill maintains its vitality generation after generation

35、. It is imperative for us to fully advance ourmotherlands cultural heritage as well as to learn from civilizations of the world. Only in this waycan our motherlandmake furtherdevelopment. Inother words,preserving our traditionalcultures while being open and tolerant will make our country more prospe

36、rous.阅读理解Passage 1Loneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the same.Earlier findings showed that h

37、appiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also grow like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been

38、 added, including measures of loneliness and depression.;.Thenew findingsinvolvedmore than 5,000people inthe second generation oftheFramingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness.The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer c

39、lose friends.For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The lonelinessspreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.Researchers from the University of Chicago,

40、 Harvard and the University of California, San Diego, did the study .The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17

41、 days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%,or two and a half days.Lonely people become less and less trusting of others .This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends-and more likely that society will reject them.John Cacioppo at he Universityof Chicago l

42、ed the study.He says it is importanttorecognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of societyshould receive help to repair their social networks.The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a “ protectivebarrieragainst”loneliness. This barrier, he sa

43、ys, can keep the whole network from coming apart.(B) 31. Besides loneliness, which of the following can also spread among people?A. FriendshipB. HappinessC. DepressionD. Smoking(A) 32. The Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948 _A. expanded its research topicsB. involved 5,000 patients of depress

44、ionC. identified loneliness as one key factor for heart diseaseD. examined the relationship between loneliness and depression(A) 33. Which of the following is true about the spread of loneliness?A. It leads to a gradual loss of friendsB. It is a common phenomenon among womenC. it is often found in t

45、he neighborhoodD. it ruins the relationships between close friends(C)34. Having a lonely friend, you are more likely to_A. strengthen your friendshipB. develop new friendshipC. increase the sense of lonelinessD. reduce the sense of loneliness(C) 35. According to John Cacioppo at the University of Ch

46、icago, loneliness can_A. result in aggressivenessB. cause people to be overprotectiveC. infect social networksD. push people to the verge of poverty(A) 36. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Loneliness can spreadB. Loneliness is linked to depressionC. Lonely people tend to grow fatD. Lonely peo

47、ple need more friendsPassage 2California has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative. “ Starting this fall with high school math and science .we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state -approved list of digital textbooks. ” That was Governor Arnold Schwarze

48、negger in June, talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online .He listed reasons why he;.thinks digital textbooks make sense.Californiaapproves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles. Digitalone can offer the latestinformation. They lighten the load of school bags.

49、 They save paper and trees, and make learning more fun and interactive .And above all, he said, they help schools with their finances.The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems.More than six million students attend California public schools.Earlier th

50、is year, California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools. These had to meet at least 90% of the states learning requirements. Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.Six of the ten were published by the CK12 Foundat

51、ion, a nonprofitgroup that had beendeveloping digital science and math books for about two years. The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them. The money came from a group financed by the Khosla Family.California cannot require schools to use the digital text

52、books. Individual school districts willhave to decide for themselves.Susan Martimo,a CaliforniaDepartment of Education official,says she does not expectwidespread use right away. Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them, but only in addition to their

53、 traditional books.School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to access them. Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies, butthat would not help the environment. Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use dig

54、ital textbooks effectively.(D) 37. The Digital Textbook Initiative _A. will probably take effect in six yearsB. covers all the high school subjectsC. has been approved by all statesD. is advocated by California state governor(A) 38. The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to _A. help save

55、 moneyB. benefit the environmentC. provide interesting materialsD. reduce students heavy burden(A) 39. The digital textbooks were approved by _A. trained teachersB. content developersC. Khosla FamilyD. CK12 Foundation(B) 40. What is true of CK12 Foundation?A. It produced 16 digital textbooksB. It paid teachers to write digital textbooks.C. It is financed by California state government.D. It makes money through developing digital textbooks.(C) 41. According to Susan Martimo, digital textbooks _A. are not likely to have a widespread useB. will soon replace traditional onesC, will firs