仓库温湿度监控系统外文翻译

1、江汉大学毕业论文（设计）外文翻译姓 名 学 号 2012 年3 月 1 日外文原文Single chip microcomputer and the development of the temperature and humidity sensorBorn in the 1970 s single chip microcomputer, and experience the SCM, MCU, SOC three phases. (1) SCM namely Single Chip computer stage, main is to seek out the monolithic form

2、s of the embedded system best system structure. Innovation mode success, laid the SCM and general computer completely different development road. (2) MCU namely Micro Controller (Micro Controller Unit) stage, the main technological development direction is: expanding meet embedded application, the o

3、bject system requirements of various peripheral circuit and interface circuit, dash forward show its object the intelligent control ability. (3) MCU is embedded system independent development way, to a key factor to the development of MCU stage, is to seek application system on a chip in the maximiz

4、ation of the solution; Therefore, special MCU development natural form the SOC tendency. With microelectronics technology, IC design, EDA tools development, based on the single chip microcomputer application system SOC design can have larger development.Temperature is a basic physical quantities, ev

5、erything in nature is closely related with the process of temperature. The temperature sensor is the earliest development, the most widely used kind of sensor. From 17 th century people began to use temperature measuring. The temperature sensor there are four main types: thermocouple, thermal resist

6、ance, resistance temperature detector (RTD) and temperature sensor IC. IC temperature sensor and including analog output and digital output two types. Contact temperature sensor detection part and the tested object has a good contact, and calls the thermometer. The thermometer through the transmissi

7、on or convection reach thermal equilibrium, thus make the thermometer and value can be measured directly says the temperature of the objects. General measurement precision. In a certain temperature range, the thermometer can also be measuring objects of internal temperature distribution. But for spo

8、rts body, small target or heat capacity is very small objects will produce larger measurement error, commonly used a thermometer have two-metal thermometer, glass liquid thermometer, pressure type thermometer, resistance thermometers, thermistors and temperature difference electric dipole, etc. Cont

9、actless temperature sensor sensitive components and tested object each other is not contact, again say non-contact highlighted.it table. This instrument can be used to measure movement object, small goals and heat capacity small or temperature change quickly (transient) the surface temperature of th

10、e object, also can used for the measurement of the temperature distribution.1.AT89S52 devices profileThe main performance: and MCS-51 SCM products compatible, and 8 K bytes in the system programmable Flash memory, 1000 time period, and the static integration.it operation: 0 Hz 33 Hz, level 3 encrypt

11、ion program memory, 32 programmable I/O mouth line, three 16 timer/counters, eight interrupt source, full-duplex UART serial channel, low power dissipation power lost mode, and free after power off interrupt can wake up, the watchdog timer, double data pointer, off the identifier.Functional characte

12、ristics description: AT89S52 devices is a low power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontrollers, with 8 K in system programmable Flash memory. Atmel company use high-density nonvolatile technology manufacturing, and industry 80 C51 product instructions and pin fully compatible. Chip Flash allow pr

13、ogram memory in the system programmable, also suitable for conventional programming console. In a single chip, with clever 8 bits CPU and in the system programmable Flash, make AT89S52 devices for many embedded control system to provide high flexible application, super efficient solution. AT89S52 de

14、vices has the following standard function: 8 k bytes Flash, 256 bytes RAM, 32 bit I/O mouth line, the watchdog timer, two data pointer, three 16 timer/counter, a 6 vector level 2 interrupt structure, full-duplex serial mouth, within crystals of timely clock circuit. In addition, AT89S52 devices can

15、be down to 0 Hz series static logic operation, support two software can choose power saving mode. Idle mode, the CPU to stop working, and allow RAM, timer/counter, serial ports, interrupt continue to work for. Power lost protection ways, a RAM content being saved, has been frozen, SCM all work stop,

16、 until the next an interrupt or hardware reset so far.2.Integrated temperature sensorAD590Integrated temperature sensor AD590 to, its temperature resolution for the 0.3 degrees Celsius. The analog signal is output AD590 to, when the temperature of 0 degrees, output current 273.2 microamps, and curre

17、nt variation and temperature variation in a linear relationship, temperature, and once every change, the output current change 1 microamps, the temperature sensor of working temperature range is-30 degrees-150 degrees. If use AD590 to make the temperature sensor, sensor peripheral circuit is simple,

18、 just put sampling resistance and AD590 to link and then to amplify the signal, and then using voltage comparator compared to output voltage, voltage comparator output signals can be directly as PLC the input signal.3.Humidity sensor There are many ways of measuring the air humidity, its principle i

19、s based on certain material from the surrounding air absorb water caused by physical or chemical properties of the change, indirectly from the material of water quantity and the surrounding air humidity. Capacitive and resistive and wet go up wet type according to its original susceptibility were ma

20、cromolecule material moisture absorption after the dielectric constant and resistivity and volume change and humidity measurementSolution a: the HOS-201 wet sensors. HOS-201 wet sensor for high humidity sensor switches, its the job of the voltage of ac 1 V the following, frequency for frequency 50 H

21、Z 1 KHZ, humidity measurement range of 0 100% RH, working temperature range is 0 50 , impedance in 75% RH (25 ) for 1 M . The sensor is used to switch the sensor, not on the wideband range detection humidity, therefore, mainly for the judgment or under more than e. humidity level. However, the senso

22、r to a certain range, have a good use of the linear, and can be effectively using the linear characteristics.Scheme ii: the HS1100 / HS1101 humidity sensor. HS1100 / HS1101 capacitance sensor, in a circuit of equivalent to a capacitor, it has the capacity as the air humidity increases while. Do not

23、need to complete interchangeability of calibration, high reliability and long-term stability, fast response time, patent design of solid polymer structure, the top contact (HS1100) and lateral contact (HS1101) two kinds of packaging products, apply to linear output voltage and frequency output two c

24、ircuit, is suitable for making automatic assembly line of the plugin and automatic assembly process, etc.Relative humidity at 1%-100% RH range; The capacity to change by 16 pF 200 pF, the error is not more than plus or minus 2% RH; Response time less than 5 S; The temperature coefficient is 0.04 pF

25、/ . Visible is higher accuracy.A comprehensive comparison of scheme and scheme ii, plan one although meet the precision and the requirements of the measure humidity range, but its limited to certain scope, have a good use of the linear, and can be effectively using the linear characteristics. And st

26、ill do not have in this design system of temperature-30 to 50 request, so we chose this design as the second scheme humidity sensor.4.MC14433 A/D converterMC14433 is three and A half double integral type of the A/D converter, with high precision, good anti-jamming performance advantages, its shortco

27、ming is conversion rate low, about 1-10 times/SEC. Without the requirement of high speed switching occasions, for example, in low speed data acquisition system, is widely used. MC14433A a/D converter and domestic product 5 G14433 are all the same, can be interchanged.5.The research significanceThe c

28、ollection of temperature and humidity monitoring in daily life has a wide range of USES, the temperature and humidity monitor based on this and design, the biggest advantage is that it can display the current temperature and humidity measurement, and the current temperature and preset temperature ca

29、rries on the comparison, more than when the current temperature and humidity preset temperature alarm, realize the historical data monitoring, collection and analysis purposes. The temperature and humidity monitoring alarm low power consumption, can use the minimal resource for different temperature

30、 for high precision measurement, reliable performance, convenient operation information, complex work through software programming to complete, easy to get results, in actual use for the ideal effect. This design has realized to the real-time control of the temperature, flexible control precision an

31、d reliability, high, can meet the product preliminary test the requirements of the aging. In the processing of constant temperature and heating temperature, formed a complete set of control plan, can transplantation for constant temperature, heating the house and equipment many aspects. Therefore, t

32、his design research results and the design idea can be good in other design transplantation, did it and the actual good union, with strong practical significance.译文单片机及温湿度传感器的发展单片机诞生于20世纪70年代末，经历了SCM、MCU、SOC三大阶段。（1）SCM即单片微型计算机（Single Chip Microcomputer）阶段，主要是寻求最佳的单片形态嵌入式系统的最佳体系结构。“创新模式”获得成功，奠定了SCM与通

33、用计算机完全不同的发展道路。（2）MCU即微控制器（Micro Controller Unit）阶段，主要的技术发展方向是：不断扩展满足嵌入式应用时，对象系统要求的各种外围电路与接口电路，突显其对象的智能化控制能力。（3）单片机是嵌入式系统的独立发展之路，向MCU阶段发展的重要因素，就是寻求应用系统在芯片上的最大化解决；因此，专用单片机的发展自然形成了SOC化趋势。随着微电子技术、IC设计、EDA工具的发展，基于SOC的单片机应用系统设计会有较大的发展。温度是一个基本的物理量，自然界中的一切过程无不与温度密切相关。温度传感器是最早开发，应用最广的一类传感器。从17世纪初人们开始利用温度进行测量

34、。温度传感器有四种主要类型：热电偶、热敏电阻、电阻温度检测器(RTD)和IC温度传感器。IC温度传感器又包括模拟输出和数字输出两种类型。接触式温度传感器的检测部分与被测对象有良好的接触，又称温度计。 温度计通过传导或对流达到热平衡，从而使温度计的示值能直接表示被测对象的温度。一般测量精度较高。在一定的测温范围内，温度计也可测量物体内部的温度分布。但对于运动体、小目标或热容量很小的对象则会产生较大的测量误差，常用的温度计有双金属温度计、玻璃液体温度计、压力式温度计、电阻温度计、热敏电阻和温差电偶等。非接触式温度传感器的敏感元件与被测对象互不接触，又称非接触式测温仪表。这种仪表可用来测量运动物体、

35、小目标和热容量小或温度变化迅速（瞬变）对象的表面温度，也可用于测量温度场的温度分布。1.AT89S52简介主要性能:与MCS-51单片机产品兼容 、8K字节在系统可编程Flash存储器、 1000次擦写周期、 全静态操作：0Hz33Hz 、 三级加密程序存储器 、 32个可编程I/O口线 、三个16位定时器/计数器、八个中断源 、全双工UART串行通道、 低功耗空闲和掉电模式 、掉电后中断可唤醒 、看门狗定时器 、双数据指针 、掉电标识符 。功能特性描述:AT89S52是一种低功耗、高性能 CMOS 8位微控制器，具有8K在系统可编程Flash存储器。使用Atmel公司高密度非 易失性存储器技

36、术制造，与工业80C51 产品指令和引脚完全兼容。片上Flash允许程序存储器在系统可编程，亦适于常规编程器。在单芯片上，拥有灵巧的8 位CPU 和在系统 可编程Flash，使得AT89S52为众多嵌入式控制应用系统提供高灵活、超有效的解决方案。 AT89S52具有以下标准功能： 8k字节Flash，256字节RAM， 32 位I/O 口线，看门狗定时器，2 个数据指针，三个16 位 定时器/计数器，一个6向量2级中断结构，全双工串行口， 片内晶振及时钟电路。另外，AT89S52可降至0Hz 静态逻 辑操作，支持2种软件可选择节电模式。空闲模式下，CPU 停止工作，允许RAM、定时器/计数器、串口、中断继续工 作。掉电保护方式下，RAM内容被保存，振荡器被冻结， 单片机一切工作停止，直到下一个中断或硬件复位为止。2.集成温度传感器AD590集成温度传感器AD590,其温度分辨率为0.3摄氏度。AD590输出的是模拟信号，当温度为0度时，输出电流273.2微安，并且电流变化量与温度变化量呈线性关系，温度每变化一度，输出电流变化1微安，该温度传感器的工作温度范围是-30度150度。如采用AD590作温度传感器，传感器外围电路比较简单，只需将采样电阻与AD590连接，然后对信号进行放大，再采用电压比较器对输出电压进行比较，电压比较器输出信号可直