高中英语 必修一知识点(北师大版)

1、.,1,核心单词,必修一,.,2,1. suppose 猜想，认为；假定 It is generally/widely supposed that. 人们普遍认为. e.g. 人们普遍认为吸烟对身体有害。 It is generally supposed that smoking is harmful to ones health. be (not) supposed to do (不)应该做某事 e.g. 你应该尊重他们的习惯和遵守家规。 Youre supposed to respect their hobits and follow the family rule. I dont sup

2、pose that. 我认为.不 e.g. 我认为他不会同意的。 I dont suppose that he will agree. suppose sb. to do / be. 认为某人. e.g. 我认为他有50岁。I suppose him to be about fifty.,.,3,2. seldom 很少，不经常 (=not often) 用法：seldom位于句首，句子常用部分倒装 e.g. 她晚上很少外出。 Seldom does she go out at night。 联想：否定副词位于句首，句子常用部分倒装 我以前从未认真考虑过这个问题。(never) Never h

3、ave I thought about this problem seriously before. 直到你告诉他，他才对事实有所了解。(little) Little did he know the truth until you told him about it.,.,4,3. bored (人感到) 厌烦的，不感兴趣的 boring 令人厌烦的，烦人的 (多指事物) be/get bored with 对.感到厌烦 4. reduce 减少，降低，缩小 (尺寸、数量、价格等) reduce/fall/decrease by. 减少了. reduce/fall/decrease to. 减

4、少到. 介词填空： It is said that prices of oil will be increased more than 7 yuan. Because of the pressure from people, housing prices has reduced 10% since the beginning of this year.,to,by,.,5,5. suffer 受痛苦，受损害；遭受，经历 (不愉快的事) suffer from 深受.之苦，患(疾病) 派生：suffering 痛苦，苦难 sufferer 忍受苦难的人 6. stand 忍受，忍耐 cant/c

5、ouldnt stand sth. / doing 无法/不能忍受. 翻译： 他忍受不了别人的嘲笑。 He 她无法忍受丈夫的懒惰。 She,cant stand being laughing at.,cant stand her husbands laziness.,.,6,7. prefer 更喜欢，宁愿 prefer sb. to do 宁愿某人做. prefer that sb. (should) do 宁愿某人做. prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢.胜过. prefer doing sth. to doing sth. = prefer to do rather than

6、do 宁愿做.而不愿做. I prefer (ride) a bike to work rather than take a crowded bus. I prefer classical music rock music.,to ride,to,.,7,8. volunteer 志愿者 n. 自愿或无偿地给予或提供（服务、帮助、建议等）v. volunteer to do 自愿做某事，主动做某事 do voluntary work 做志愿者工作 (voluntary 自愿的，志愿的) volunteer as 自愿担任 9. challenge 挑战n. 向.挑战，强烈建议v. give a

7、 challenge 提出挑战 accept/take a challenge 接受挑战 face a challenge 面临挑战 meet a challenge 迎接挑战 challenge sb. 向某人挑战 派生：challenging 挑战性的，要求高的,.,8,10. graduate 毕业v. 毕业生n.（大学） graduate from. 毕业于. under graduate （大学）未毕业 post graduate 研究生 11. protect 保护 protect.from/against sth. 保护某人/某物免受某事的侵害 We should learn h

8、ow . . (我们应该学会如何保护自己免受网上可能存在的危险。),to protect ourselves against possible dangers,on the Internet,.,9,12. win 获胜，赢得 win sth. over sb. 打败某人赢得某物 用法： win后面的宾语通常是表示“比赛，战争，选举，奖品，声誉”的名词或者代词，如game, race, match, competition, war, battle, prize, award等 比较： beat和defeat的宾语通常是“敌人，（比赛）对手”，其搭配为beat/defeat sb. in st

9、h. 在.中打败某人 To win the game, we will have to beat at least 8 teams.,.,10,13.practice 练习，实践v. 练习，实践，实际n. practice sth./doing 练习做某事 in pratice 实际上 (in reality, in fact) put . into practice 把.付诸实践 派生词： practical 实际的，实用的，可行的 Practical experience is often very important. 14. celebration 庆祝，庆典 have/hold a

10、celebration 举行庆典 in celebration of 为了庆祝. 比较：congratulation 祝贺,.,11,15. attend 出席，参加 比较： attend是正式用语，指参加会议，报告，婚礼，葬礼，典礼，上课，上学等，不强调参加者在活动中所起的作用。 take part in 指参加群众性活动等，并在其中发挥一定的作用。 join in 指参加比赛或活动，为日常用语。 join 指加入某个党派，团体或组织，成为其中一员。 join sb. in doing sth. 和某人一起做某事,.,12,重要词组,必修一,.,13,.,14,about,is always

11、 complaining,complained that,.,15,take up 拿起，开始从事，占据（时间，空间） He took up football when he was in senior high school. Study takes up most of her time. take的词组： take back 收回（说过的话） I take back what I say. take down 拿下，记下 take off 脱掉；（飞机）起飞 take on 呈现 My hometown has taken on a new look. take away 拿走 take

12、 away food,.,16,to tell the truth 说实话，老实说 同义：to be honest; honestly speaking; frankly speaking 用法：to tell the truth 为独立成分，作插入语。这类不定式短语独立成分还有 to make things worse (情况跟糟糕的是)，to begin/start with (首先)等。 be filled with = be full of 充满、装满 联想：fill.with. 给.装满. 她给油箱加满了油。 She filled her tank with oil.,.,17,be

13、 proud of = take pride in 因.而自豪 live/lead a . life 过.的生活 过着幸福的生活 过着艰苦的生活 过着贫穷的生活 because of 因为 短语介词，后面接名词、代词或者what从句作宾语 同义：due to / owing to / thanks to / as a result of 比较：because 是连词，后面接从句 The flight was delayed because of the heay fog. The flight was delayed because there was a heavy fog.,live a

14、happy life,live a hard life,live a poor life,.,18,begin / start with sth. / by doing 以.开始 联想：to begin with (插入语) 首先 end up with sth. / by doing 以.结束 翻译：我们从学习单词开始。 We began by learning words. in ones opinion = in the opinion of sb. = sb. thinks. 在某人看来 联想：have a good / high / bad / low / opinion of. 对

15、.评价高/不好,.,19,agree with 同意；与.一致；适合（气候，食物） 比较： agree with 表示与某人的观点一致 (=have the same opinion as) agree to do sth. 赞成做某事 agree to sth. 表示赞同别人提出的“提议，办法，计划，安排”等，即愿意“接受”或“允许”某事 (=be willing to accept or allow sth.)，但是可能实际并不参与。 agree on 表示经过双方或多方协商“在某方面取得一致意见”，即商定。 The food did not agree her. They agreed

16、(start) early. They agreed the price of the car. Im afraid that either of them will not agree this arrangement. To tell the truth, I dont agree you.,with,to start,on,to,with,.,20,be strict with sb. (in sth.) (在某方面)对某人严格要求 We must be strict with ourselves in our studies. look back (on/upon sth.) 回忆，回

17、顾 联想： look + adv. + prep. 的短语 瞧不起，轻视 look down upon 盼望，期待 look forward to 尊敬 look up to be famous/well-known for sth. 因.而著名 be famous/known as sth. 作为.而著名 be famous/known to sb. 为某人说熟知 Henan is famous to people as a province with the most population.,.,21,on ones own = by oneself 独自地，单独地 of ones own

18、 = ones own 属于某人自己的 Students are supposed to learn to live on their own. come to do 逐渐.，慢慢. 用法： 常与know, understand, be, love, like 等感应动词，表示静态的动词连用，强调渐变过程 He came to realize his mistake. 联想：come to oneself 苏醒过来,.,22,give up 放弃，认输 用法： 后面跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。跟代词时，要将代词放在give 与 up 的中间。 You ought to give up smok

19、ing; I gave it up last year. 联想： give + prep. / adv.,.,23,get on / along with 与.相处；进展 get on well with sb. 与某人友好相处 get on well with ones work 工作进展顺利 联想： get down to sth. / doing 开始认真做. make progress (in.) (在某方面)取得进步/进展 用法： progress是不可数名词，可以用good，rapid，great，slow，much，some，no，little 等表程度的词来修饰；make pr

20、ogress 的主语一般指人。 sb. make good progress in sth.,.,24,burn down 焚毁，烧毁 联想： burn . to the ground 烧成灰烬 depend on/upon 依靠，相信，信赖，取决于 It/That (all) depends (on). 那得看情况。 depend on sb. for sth. / to do sth. 依靠某人做某事 运用： Her success here depends on her effort and ability. I want to leave early but it depends on

21、. on time 按时，准时 (at exactly the right time) 联想： 及时，迟早 at time ( = early or soon enough) 提前 ahead of time ( = earlier than expected) 立刻 in no time ( = soon, in a short time) 有时 at times ( = now and then, from time to time),.,25,be about to do sth. 刚要，即将；正要做某事 用法： 表示“即将，正要做某事“，一般不与表示时间的状语连用；其否定式可表示”没有

22、打算做某事“；常于when连用构成句型 was/were about to do sth.when. 正要做某事.就在这时/突然. I was about to get on the bus when I heard my name called. even if / though 即使 You can take the future even though you fail. 联想： even so 即使如此，常用作插入语 even now 即使在现在，副词短语做状语 as if / though + 方式状语从句，好像,.,26,be made of 由.制成 (成品能看出原材料) be

23、made from 由.制成 (成品不能看出原材料) make A into B 把 A 制成 B be made up of 由.组成 ( = consist of) be made in 在.制造 put up 张贴；建造；举起 反义：take down 取下来；拆除；记下来 联想：,.,27,carry on = continue doing sth. 继续，坚持 用法： 后面可以直接跟名词、动名词或代词作宾语，也可以构成carry on with sth. 短语。 carry on a conversation / discussion 进行谈话/讨论 carry out a promise / a plan / an order 实践诺言/实施计划/执行命令 carry out a survey / an experiment / a test 进行调查/试验/测试 as well ( = too) 也 as well as ( = in addition to) 除.之外，也；和.一样好 用法：一般用于句尾，常与and搭配使用 注意：as well as 连接两个主语的时候，