1982年考研英语试题及答案

1、.1982 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题section istructure and vocabularyin each question, decide which of the four choices given will complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. circle the letter before your choice. only one choice is to be circled (12 points)example:(1) the matter _ you were arguing ab

2、out last night has beensettled.a whatb asc whomd thatanswer: d(2) we must not rule _ the possibility of miscalculation.a awayb offc outd upanswer: c1. you never told us why you were late for the last meeting, _?a weren t youb didn t youc had youd did you2. i have to get _ about the subject before i

3、write the paper.a a few more informationsb a little more informationc a few more informationd a little more informations3.only when you have acquireda good knowledge of grammar _ writecorrectly.a you will;.b you canc can youd can t you4. _ it is you ve found, you must give it back to the person it b

4、elongs to.a thatb becausec whateverd however5. although _ happened in that developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.a whichb whatc howd it6. he studied hard at school when he was young _ contributes to his success in later life.a , whichb thereforec whichd

5、 so that7. he felt it rather difficult to take a stand _ the opinion of the majority.a againstb byc tod in8. i need a book dealing _ anti-pollution problems.a aboutb onc withd to9. he has been asked to account _ his absence.;.a ofb onc aboutd for10. science has brought _ many changes in our lives.a

6、outb intoc aboutd forward11. how did it come _ that you made a lot of mistakes in your homework?a aboutb afterc withd to12. science has brought _ many changes in our lives.a forb toc ind withsection iiverb formsfill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of verbs given in brackets. (12 points)exam

7、ple:(1) will you call them up and tell them well start as soon as the rain _ (stop)?answer: stops(2) _ (see) from the moon, our earth looks like a big brightdisk.answer: seen13. the author gave a detaileddescription_ (base) on his personalobservation of nature.;.14. the way he talks is simply intole

8、rable i object to _ (treat) like a child.15.these studentsare quick at learning.wellhave them _ (train)in new methods.16. had she been given some information, she _ (can answer) the questions.17. helen borrowed my dictionary the other day _ (say) that she_ (return) it soon.18.maryalways has a lotof

9、letterstowrite. she _ (write) lettersall afternoon and she still _ (not finish).19.we promised them to be there by 5 oclock. now it s 4:50 already,and the rain _ (pour) down like this.they _ (must wait)for us impatiently.20.mr.green ran all theway up tothestationonly _ (find) thatthe train _ (leave)

10、 fifteen minutes before.section iiierror-detectioneach question consists of a sentence with four underlined parts (words or phrases). these parts are labeled a, b, c, and d. choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect, and circle the letter of your choice. if you find no mistakes in a sentence

11、, circle the letter e for no error. only one choice is to be circled. (10 points)example:1) the plant manager, likemany workers, werevery experiencedinabcdsafety precautions. no erroreanswer: b2)tocomprehendwell,a studentmust readfrequently.abcdno erroreanswer: e21. if the policeman would havearrive

12、dearlier, he would haveseenabcd;.the accident. no errore22. thetasksofthedirectoraregreater thanhisassistant.abcdno errore23.neithertheteacher northestudents wereintroducedto theirdean.abcdno errore24.the visibility became so badthat i could not hardlysee the manabcwho was walking one footin front o

13、f me. no errorde25.she hungup all the clothes that has beenlayingaround the room.abcdno errore26. the amountofhours we spent onthework was rathersmall . no errorabcde27.the lecturer is apersonwithgreat promiseand who shouldbeabcdencouraged. no errore28.my name is william, andmost ofmy friends callme

14、 bill for short.abcdno errore29. westronglysuggestthatsmithis toldabouthisphysicalabcdcondition as soon as possible. no errore30. the group iswaitingfor theirplane tobeijing. no errorabcde;.section ivcloze testfor each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choiceslabeled a, b, c, an

15、d d. choose the correct one and circle the letter before your choice. only one choice is to be circled. (11 points)example:_1_ the final scene i noticed him _2_ his eyes.1. a duringb whilec as soon asd no sooner than2. a to wipeb wipingc to be wipedd having wiped answer: 1. a 2. b大 31家 before man le

16、arned how to build houses, he大32家 naturalshelters, as the animals did. he found that he could大 33家 himself byclimbing up into treesor by crouching大 34家 the overhanging edges ofcliffs,or by crawlinginto大35家 . the firstsheltersor homesactuallybuilt by man were very simple. for his building大36家 , he us

17、ed whathe could find easily大 37家 him: rocks, tree branches, dried grasses,animal skins.itwas 大38家 , however, before man began to build大 39家shelters because大40家 man learned to farm, he lived by大41家 .31. a epochb longc timed age32. a looked after;.b looked aboutc looked ford looked into33. a protectb

18、confinec buryd cover34. a tob abovec intod under35. a cracksb pitsc cavesd cavities36. a rocksb substancec materialsd groundwork37. a aroundb abovec underd over38. a in timeb many a timec behind the timed a long time39. a permanentb unchangeablec changeabled perpetual;.40. a ifb in casec untild afte

19、r41. a fishingb gamingc huntingd shootingsection vreading comprehensioneach sentence or paragraph below is followed by four statements. one of the statements is a suggestion which can be drawn from the information given in the original sentence or paragraph. read the sentences and paragraph carefull

20、y and circle your choice. only one choice is to be circled. (10 points)example:whether the study of the lunar rocks will answer the long debated question of the origin of the moon remains to be seen.a the speaker wants to remain behind to see whether the study will throw light on the question.b the

21、speaker feels that the study will probably answer thequestion.c the speaker is sure that the study will produce an answer to thequestion.d the speaker is not sure whether the study willanswer the questionor not.answer: d42. ifthisbook begins witha familiarthem theindianexperienceofthe last 120 years

22、 the author brings to it great power and deepunderstanding.a this means that the book was written 120 years ago.b this means that the indian experience of the last 120 years is a familiar experience, and nothing new can be written about it.c this means that the book lacks understanding of the indian

23、 experience.d this means that the writer of this sentence likes the book.;.43. i disagreed then as now with many of john smiths judgments, butalways respected him, and this book is a welcome reminder of his big, honest, friendly, stubborn personality.athe writerof thissentence dislikes john smith, b

24、ut agrees withhis ideas.b the writer of this sentence considers john smith to be a disagreeable person.c the writer of this sentence disagrees with john smith but respects him.d the writer of this sentence disagreed with him then but agrees with him now.44. justbefore his tenthbirthdayjohn receiveda

25、 horse from his father;this was thefirst ofa series ofexpensive giftsintended to createthe impression of a loving parent.a john received the horse because he was ten.b john received the horse because his father loved him.c john received the horse because his father wanted to seem loving.d john recei

26、ved the horse because his father wouldnt be able togive him expensive gifts in the future.45. it cannot be doubted that without intelligence and diligence on thepartof the students themselves,as indeed withouttheleadershipandthecoaching of the teachers,a good examinationresultwill not come.athis sen

27、tence means thatfora good resultofan examinationboththe intelligence and diligence of the students and the guidanceof the teachers must be stressed.b this sentence means that a good result of examination will comewithout either the students effort or that of the teachers.cthis sentence meansthata go

28、od examinationresultdepends chieflyon the correct guidance of the teachers.d this sentence means that a good examination result depends on either the students or the teachers.46. industry and commerce are the largest users of electrical energy. using less electricity would mean a reduced industrial

29、capacity andfewer jobs in the affected industries. therefore an unfavorable change in our economic structure might result.a this means that decreasing the use of electricity must beginimmediately.b this means that decreasing the use of electricity will cause;.difficulties.cthismeans thatdecreasingth

30、euseofelectricityisn timportant.d this means that decreasing the use of electricity won t affectindustry.section vichinese-english translationtranslate the following sentences into english. (15 points)47. 随着时间的过去，他将会懂得我所讲的话。48. 听说那个地区的工厂比 1970 年增加了两倍。49. 在这个季节保持蔬菜新鲜可不容易。50. 只要我们继续努力工作，我们就能提前完成任务。51.

31、 尽管我们的政治和经济制度存在着巨大差异， 我们两国在许多方面有着共同的利益。section viienglish-chinese translationchoose eitherof the followingtwo passages and translateitintochinese.(30 points)(1)in country after country, talk of non-smokers right is in the air. while a majority of countries have taken little or no action yet, some30

32、nations have introduced legislative steps to control smoking. manylaws have been introduced in other countries to help clear the air for nonsmokers, or to cut cigarette consumption.insome developed countriesthe consumption of cigaretteshas becomemore or less stabilized. however, in many developing n

33、ations, cigarettesmoking isseen as a sign of economic progress and iseven encouraged.as more tobacco companies go international,new markets are sought togainnew smokers in those countries. for example, great efforts are made bythe american tobacco industry to sell cigarettes in the middle east andno

34、rth africa where u.s. tobacco exports increased by more than 27percent in 1974.smoking is harmful to thehealth ofpeople.world governments shouldconductseriouscampaignsagainstit.restrictionsoncigaretteadvertisements, plus health warnings on packages and banson publicsmoking incertainplaces such as th

35、eatres,cinemas and restaurants,are;.the most popular tools used by nations in support of nonsmokers or in curbing smoking. but world attention also is focusing on another stepwhich will make the smoker increasingly self-conscious and uncomfortable about his habit. great efforts should be made to inf

36、orm young people especially of the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit. and cigarette price should be boosted.in the long run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether, but people are not ready for such drastic action.(2)nuclear power s dan

37、ger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation.nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because itcannot be detectedby humansenses. itcantbe seen or heard, ortouchedor tasted, even though it may be all around us. there are other thingslikethat.for

38、 example,radio waves are allaround us butwe can tdetectthem, sense them, without a radio receiver. similarly, we cant senseradioactivitywithout a radiationdetector.but unlike commonradio waves,nuclearradiationisnotharmless to humanbeings and other livingthings.at very high levels, radiation can kill

39、 an animal or human beingoutright by killing massesof cells invital organs. buteven the lowestlevels can do serious damage. there is no level of radiation that iscompletely safe. if the radiation does not hit anything important, thedamage many not be significant. this is the case when only a few cel

40、lsarehit,and if theyarekilledoutright.your body willreplacethe deadcells with healthy ones. but if the few cells are only damaged, and ifthey reproduce themselves, you may be in a deformed way. they can growinto cancer. sometimes this does not show up for many years.thisisanotherreason for someof th

41、e mystery about nuclearradiation.seriousdamagecan be done without thevictimbeingaware at thetime thatdamage has occurred. a person can be irradiated and feel fine, then dieof cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. or a child canbe born weak or liabletoseriousillnessas a resultof radiat

42、ionabsorbedby its grandparents.radiation can hurt us. we must know the truth.;.1982 年考研英语真题答案section i: structure and vocabulary (12 points)1.d2.b3.c4.c5.b6.a7.a8.c9.d10.c11.a12.csection ii: verb forms (12 points)13.based14.being treated15.trained16.could have answered17.saying; would return18.has b

43、een writing;has notfinished19.is pouring; must be waiting20.to find; had leftsection iii: error-detection (10 points)21.a22.d23.e24.c25.d26.a27.c28.a29.c30.csection iv: cloze test (11 points)31.b32.c33.a34.d35.c36.c37.a38.d39.a40.c41.csection v: reading comprehension (10 points)42.d43.c44.c45.a46.bsection vii: chinese-english translation (15 points)56. as time goes on, he will understand what i said.57. we have been told that there are now three times as many factories in that district as in 1970.58. it is h