2011年湖北高考英语试题及答案详解

1、.2011 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷）第一节：多项选择（共10 小题；每小题1 分，满分 10 分）从 a 、b 、 c、 d 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.“ tommy, run! be quick! the house is on fire !” the mother shouted,clearlywithin her voice.a. angerb. rudenessc. regretd. panic22. giving up my job to go back to full-time education was s a big

2、 _ , but now i know it was the best decision i ever made.a. projectb. commitmentc. competitiond. ambition23. the old engineer s eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brownandfacehis step as he came across the room was _， though slow.a. shakyb. heavyc. casuald. steady24. an unhappy childhood may ha

3、ve some negative effects on a person character;s however, they are not always _.a. practicalb. avoidablec. permanentd. beneficial25. the state-run company is required to make its accounts as _ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.a. transparentb. reasonablec. secured. formal26. know

4、ledge and learning are important if we want to be successful but they may also_ out thinking.a. directb. limitc. changed. improve27. the minister said, “we are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we llnever_ with criminals.”a. negotiateb. quarrelc. argued. consult28. clinical evidence

5、began to _ , suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.a. operateb. strengthenc. approved. accumulate29. the government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.a. take downb. bring

6、 downc. hand downd. tear down30. when asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to seehim step aside _ younger men.a. in terms ofb. in need ofc. in favor ofd. in praise of第二节：完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（a 、 b、 c 和 d）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂

7、黑。the young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin (海豚 ) was swimming. despite her fear, she felt strong wearing her new leg.in her second grade, maja31her cousin, jasmina. after jasmina s death, maja sworeshe would honor the littlegirl by32with a dolphin, an animal that both girls33.“ jasm

8、ina never got the chance to do it.” says maja, 34now32,that someday“ i d do it;.for her.”in highschool,majawas35about sports. she even planned tobecome an athlete.36, in 1993, during the civil war in her home country, a bomb37her left leg.after two years38in the u.s., maja received her firstartifici

9、al（人造的） leg. but39itdidn fit well, walkingfor maja was verypainful.40she managed to graduatefrom a local high school. then after receiving a41from saint francis university, she got ajob at an insurance firm and42started her own company.to relax, maja43often watch the dolphins play at anaquarium （水族馆

10、） near herhome. a young dolphin, winter, who had lost its tail, caught her44 . one day, maja happenedto see trainers45winter with a high-tech tail. when they were done, winter swam freely inthe water. maja was46. she managed to find the inventors of winter s tail. within ten days,she had a new leg w

11、hich freed her of the47that had troubled her for almost 16 years.now, maja was ready to keep her48. she went to the aquarium. lowered herself intothe pool and held out a hand to winter, who approached49 , then swam away. after a fewminutes, the dolphin let maja50its back. finally, the two began to s

12、wim around the pooltogether.31.a. lostb. visitedc. rescuedd. left32.a. talkingb. livingc. swimmingd. surfing33.a. adoredb. adoptedc. possessedd. purchased34.a. pretendedb. decidedc. preferredd. agreed35.a. positiveb. enthusiasticc. particulard. curious36.a. undoubtedlyb. surprisinglyc. strangelyd. u

13、nfortunately37.a. took awayb. took overc. cut downd. cut out38.a. studyb. operationc. treatmentd. experiment39.a. untilb. becausec. althoughd. if40.a. otherwiseb. thereforec. besidesd. however41.a. scholarshipb. degreec. prized. notice42.a. graduallyb. actuallyc. eventuallyd. naturally43.a. mightb.

14、shouldc. couldd. would44.a. eyeb. legc. nosed. hand45.a. decoratingb. guidingc. markingd. fitting46.a. inspiredb. puzzledc. shockedd. amused47.a. worryb. sadnessc. paind. fear48.a. appointmentb. promisec. recordd. habit49.a. blindlyb. angrilyc. gratefullyd. cautiously50.a. strikeb. coverc. touchd. w

15、ipe第三部分：阅读理解（共20 小题；每小题2 分，满分40 分）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（a 、 b 、c 和 d ）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ahonesty, my mum always used to tell me, is the best policy. of course, this didn t inc;.when she tol d me that ifi didn eat all my vegetables father christmas would findout andwouldn t give me any presents.b

16、ut when it comes to medicine, i had assumed it was important to always be honest with mypatients. afterall, the doctor patient-relationshipis based on trust, andtherefore honesty isessential. or so i thought.i had just started working in geriatrics（老年病科） . mr. mcmahon was brought in when hisbelly wa

17、s found very swollen. i took a medical history from his daughter who d accompaniedin the ambulance. she dbeen his main carer for years. i stood looking at him as she gave adetailed history.“losthasanyheweight recently ?” i asked,“ well, it s funny you should mentiothat, but yes,”she said slowly. the

18、re was silencefora few moments. “ why?whatare youworried about?” she asked. i hesitated. she was obviously very involved in his care and itwasonly fair that i told her the truth.“ well, we need to prove it s not cancer,” i said and tabout some of the tests i was going to order.half an hour later, a

19、nurse called me:“ mr. mcmahon s daughtershebrokesaid ydownutold her he had cancer. my” heart sank. bythe time iarrived at the ward, my consultant wasalready there,explainingthatwe still hadto runlotsof tests and thatit was by no meansconfirmed that he had cancer. i stood silently at the end of the b

20、ed. my consultant was obviouslyangry with me and as we left mr. mcmahon, she turned to me.“ why on earth did you do that?she asked in disbelief. i looked at her and bit my lip.“ she asked me what i was worried about ani told her.” ihangingsaid,my head . “ and giveher more to worry about?” replied my

21、 consultant.“ you don t say the word cancer until it s confirmed. even if you suspect it, think very carefullybefore you tell people.”as it turned out, it wasn t cancer. but i did learn that when someone isandstressedworriedabout their lovedone they resometimes selective inwhat they hear and as a do

22、ctor it simportant to be mindful of this. in being truthful, i d made the situation worse.51. the purpose of the first two paragraphs is to show that the author _.a. misunderstood the doctor-patient relationshipb. was anxious to receive christmas giftsc. regarded honesty as the best policyd. had an

23、unhealthy eating habit52. the author s consultant was angry with him because _.a. he told the daughter what he suspectedb. he delayed running the necessary testsc. he failed to confirm the parent s diseased. he forgot what the consultant had advised53. the author hung his head ( the underlined part

24、in para.4 ) because he was feeling _ .a. guiltyb. hurtc. disappointedd. helpless54. what lesson has the author learnt from his experience?a. learning from parents is necessary.b. jumping to a conclusion is dangerous.c. telling the truth may not always be the best solution.d. selecting pleasant words

25、 may not be the perfect policy.;.bhowlingis a behavior commonly observed among a wolf pack. as pack animals, wolveswork together to hunt and rely on howling as an important means of communication among eachother. there are different explanations of a wolf s howl and it appears that there may be more

26、 todiscover.one theory is that wolves howl to bond better together. it almost as if howling togetherhelps the pack stay together. perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvementwith each other when singing a song together. but this theory may be wrong, explains fred h.harington, a

27、 professor who studies wolf behavior.indeed, there have been times when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a chorus,and the next, quarreling among each other. it appears that usually the lowest-ranking members ofthe pack may actually be“ punished” for joining in the chorus at times. so is h

28、owling a way tostrengthen a social bond or just a way to reconfirm status among its members ? why do wolves howl for sure ?what is clear, however, is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other.hunting grounds are distant and it happens that wolves may separate from one another a

29、t times.when this happens, howling appears to be an excellent means of gathering.howling, interestingly, is a contagious behavior. when one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow. this is often seen to occur in the morning, as if wolves were doing some sort of“ rollcall ” where wolves a

30、ll howl together to report their presence.55. what the possible similaritybetween wolves howlingtogether and human ssinging inchorus?a. the act of calling each other.b. the sense of accomplishment.c. the act of hunting for something.d. the sense of belonging to a group.56. why does harrington think

31、the“ social bond” theory may be wrong?a. wolves separate from each other after howling.b. wolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.c. wolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.d. wolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.57. researchers are sure that wolves often howl t

32、o _ .a. show their ranksb. find their companionsc. report the missing onesd. express their loneliness58.“ howling is a contagious behavior” ( in the last paragraph ) means _ .a. howling is a signal for huntingb. howling is a way of communicationc. howling often occurs in the morningd. howling spread

33、s from one to anotherc;.in today throws- away society, dealing with the citygrowingsmountain of waste is anincreasing challenge for the city council （市议会） .recently, edinburgh is faced with the problem ofdisposing of（处理） about 250,000 milliontons of waste a year. despite different ways to dispose of

34、 much of it in a green manner largelythrough encouraging recycling its aging facilities such as the powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it.the european union (eu) has issued a new policy, regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of. the five councils ( edinburgh

35、, east lothian, west lothian, midlothian andborders ) face fines around 18 million a year from 2013 if they don t increase recycling levelsand rely less on landfill. with this in mind, the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant（垃圾焚烧厂） to burn half of the waste prod

36、uced in their districts. but this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new uk government waste policy whichrequired that no more than 25% of the city s waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.after the plan was abandoned, a private company which already transported millions

37、 of tonsof the city s waste by train to a landfill site near dunbar, offered an alternative solution when itsuggested opening a huge waste site near portobello.since powderhall is supposed to close in 2015, it seemed necessary for the members of theedinburgh council to accept the suggestion. but soo

38、n they turned it down after 700 localobjections reached them because it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loudnoise through heavily populated areas.that still leaves the council with a problem. by 2013, only 50% of 1995 levels of waste willbe allowed to be sent to landfill. even if r

39、ecycling targets are met, there will still be a large amountof rubbish to be burnt up. due to this, edinburgh and midlothian councils have now decided towork together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.59. the main way of handling waste in a green manner in

40、edinburgh is _.a. recyclingb. restoringc. buryingd. burning60. the five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to _.a. reduce the cost of burying wasteb. meet the eu requirementsc. speed up waste recyclingd. replace landfill sites61. the city council of edinburgh rejected the sugge

41、stion to open a huge landfill site near portobello because _.a. it came from a private companyb. the council was not interested in itc. it was not supported by eud. the local people were against it62. what is the final decision of edinburgh and midlothian councils?a. to open a new landfill nearby.b.

42、 to close the powderhall landfill in 2015.c. to set up a plan for burning waste.d. to persuade people to deduce their waste.;.dfeeling blue about world ?“ cheer up,” says science writer matt ridley.“ the worldnever been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans an

43、d fornature.”ridley calls himselfa rational optimist rational,because he carefullysweighed theevidence; optimistic, because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable andgood. and this is what he s set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book,the rational optim

44、ist . he views mankind as a grand enterprise that, on the whole, has done little but progress for 100,000 years. he backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.here s how he explains his views.1) shopping fuels inventionit is reported that there are more than ten billion di

45、fferent products for sale in london alone.even allowingfor the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access tomore nutritious food. more convenient transport, bigger houses, better cars, and of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us. this will continue a

46、s long as we use these thingsto make other things. the more we specialize and exchange, the better off we ll be.2) brilliant advancesone reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer-lived and freer than ever before isthat the four most basic human needs food, clothing, fuel and shelter

47、have grown a lotcheaper. take one example. in 1800 a candle providing one hour s light cost six hours wthe 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes work to paywasforeight.in1950 itseconds. today it s half second.3) let s not kill ourselves for climate changemitigating （减轻） climate chang

48、e could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climatechange itself. a child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use offossil-fuel（化石燃料） electricity is forbidden by well-meaning members of green political movements trying to savethe world, is just as great a tragedy as a child th

49、at dies in a flood caused by climate change. if climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet （止血带） around our necks.63. what is the theme of ridley s most recent book?a. weakness of human nature.b. c

50、oncern about climate change.c. importance of practical thinking.d. optimism about human progress.64. how does ridley look at shopping?a. it encourages the creation of things.b. it results in shortage of goods.c. it demands more fossil fuels.d. it causes a poverty problem.65. the candle and lamp exam

51、ple is used to show that _ .a. oil lamps give off more light than candlesb. shortening working time brings about a happier life;.c. advanced technology helps to produce better candlesd. increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods66. what does the last sentence of the passage imply ?a. cut

52、ting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.b. overreaction to climate change may be dangerous.c. people s health is closely related to climate change.d. careless medical treatment may cause great pain.ewhich are you more likely to have with you at any given moment your cell phone or yourwall

53、et ? soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave ofyour smart phone over an electronic scanner.in january, starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffeein 6,800 of its states. this is the first pay-by-phone practice in the u.s., but we re likely to seemore wireless payment alternatives as something called near field comm