非谓语动词作状语及后置定语 独立主格结构

1、,rammar,非谓语动词作状语 独立主格结构,Step1: Review 谓语动词 谓语动词指在句子中充当_的动词，有行为动词，系动词，情态动词和助动词等几种。 非谓语动词 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括_，即动词的非谓语形式。 非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外， 可以承担句子的其他成分。,谓语,不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）,找出下列句子中的谓语动词及非谓语动词,1. I hope to be admitted to a famous university. to be admitted 不定式 2. Thank you for inviting me . inv

2、iting 动名词 3. Feeling exhausted, I dont feel like doing anything. Feeling 现在分词 动名词 doing 4. Given more time, you will make Given 过去分词 greater progress.,时间、原因、目的、 结果、条件、方式和伴随,Step2: 非谓语 动词做状语 一：状语 说明_ _状况等。 二：形式 不定式 现在分词 过去分词 三：使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词。,She got off the bus, but left her handba

3、g on her seat. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.,(1)主动 doing (2)被动 done (3)主动+完成 having done (4)被动+完成 having been done (5)将来 to do (6)将来+被动 to be done (7)进行+被动 being done,1.作条件状语,1.Adoptingthismethod,wewillraisetheaverageyieldby40percent. = If we adopt this method, we will raise

4、2.If you turn to the right, you will findapathleadingtohiscottage. =Turningtotheright,youwill 3.Given more time, I can do better. =If I was given more time, I can,2.作原因状语,1. Born in the village, he knows a lot of people there. =As he was born in the village, he knows 2. Because he was ill, he didnt

5、go to school. =Being ill, he didnt,3.作时间状语,_(approach)the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.,Approaching,4.作伴随状语,1. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _. A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted 2. The poor man, _ , ran

6、out of the dark cave. A. trembled and frightened B. trembling and frightened C. trembling and frightening D. trembled and frightening,5.作目的状语,1. 他发给我一封电子邮件，希望能得到进一步的信息。 He sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information.,2. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _for a space fl

7、ight. A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained,6.作结果状语,1. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film star had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told,2. The news shocked the public, _to great concern about students safety at school. A. having led B.

8、led C. leading D. to lead,用所给动词的正确形式完成下列句子：,1._around the labs, we were taken to the library .(show) 2._in the countryside for a long time, he is good at farming.(live) 3._by me now, the dictionary cant be lent to you.(use) 4. She walked as fast as possible , _to catch the train.(hope) 5._any answer

9、 , he began to write again.(not receive) 6._as a means of transport in china, the bike is useful. (use),Having been shown,Having lived,Being used,hoping,Not having received,Used,过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称一致。,1）_from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. 2）_ from the hill , we fi

10、nd the city very beautiful.,Seen,Seeing,注意,否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语, 这种结构称为独立主格结构.,All our savings gone, we started looking for jobs.,2. He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.,（ ）Being a fine day, we went out for an outing. （ ）As it was a fine day, we went out for an outing. （ ）It being a fin

11、e day, we went out for an outing. （ ）Hearing the news, tears came to my eyes. （ ）Hearing the news, I burst into tears. （ ）When I heard the news, tears came to my eyes.,判断题True or False。,T,F,T,T,T,F,Step3: 在写作中 巧用非谓语动词,（1） 使用现在分词。如： 原We had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and dan

12、ced. Some told stories. Some played chess. 改After a short rest， we had great fun singing and dancing， telling jokes and playing chess. （2） 使用过去分词。如： 原He was satisfied with the result. He decided to go on with a new experiment. 改 Satisfied with the result， he decided to go on with a new experiment.,将下列状语从句改为非谓语 短语作状语： 1. Because she was moved by the hero, she decided to study harder.,2. When he found the door locked, he went home.,3.He started early in order that he could get