m6uit3grammar.ppt

1、Unit 3 Understanding each other,Grammar and usage,Translate the following sentences into English!,Revision Dont write in your book.,3.虚拟语气,虚拟语气，作为日常交际应用中常常会出现的一种语言现象，一直是高考题几乎年年都要考到的一个热点。但对于中国学生来说，它又是一个难点。无怪乎许多学生学习虚拟语气时，常常会叹道： If there were no subjunctive mood, English _ much easier. A. will be B. wo

2、uld have been C. could have been D. would be,虚拟语气是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式.,虚拟语气的定义,关键是什么,与事实相反！,考点与难点归纳,考点与难点归纳,1.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 2.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 3.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法 4.一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 5. 与含蓄条件句 6.虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定,考点,难点,错综时间条件句,Unreal conditionals state a condition or situation that

3、is not real or is imaginary.,Unreal conditionals,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,We use unreal conditionals to state a present condition or situation that is not real or is imaginary.,E.g.,If I got married in the UK, I would expect a present.,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,We form unreal present conditionals like this:,If was/were/di

4、d , would/could/might do ,1. 假如我有更多的时间，我就会学习德语。,If I had more time，I would study German.,2. 要是我象你一样年轻,我就会找时间锻炼.,If I were/was young as you, I would find time to exercise.,Practice:,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,If I werent addicted to QQ games,I would make greater progress in my studies.,What would happen if you we

5、re not addicted to QQ game?,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,We also use unreal conditionals to refer to an imaginary past action.,E.g.,If you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we were talking about.,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,We form unreal past conditionals like this:,If had been/done, would/cou

6、ld/might have done,1) 如果他抓紧时间，他本来能赶上那趟火车。,If he had hurried, he could have caught the train.,2) 如果你昨天告诉他，他也许会提些建议了。,If you had told him yesterday, he might have made some suggestions.,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,If I _busy last night, I _ to see the film with you.,had not been,would have gone,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,If he

7、more carefully, he the car accident yesterday.,would not have had,had driven,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,We use unreal future conditionals to talk about imaginary future situations.,1) If I had time tomorrow, I would certainly help you.,2) If I were to fail my Maths test, I would have to take it again at the end

8、of the term.,3) If he should come tomorrow, I would talk to him about it.,E.g.,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,We form unreal future conditionals like this:,Ifwas/were/did/should/were to, would/should/might do,Practice:,1) 假如我要出国，我就会去法国。,If I were to go abroad, I would go to France.,2) 万一明天下雨，我们的运动会就推迟。,If it should

9、rain tomorrow, our sports meeting would be put off.,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,Mark: 100,If you got /were to get /should get a full mark next time, I would treat you to a wonderful performance.,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,1)Would, could and might are often interchangeable, but with some differences in meaning.,would intention

10、; plan,could ability; possibility,might probability,2) In written English or in formal situation, we usually use were in If-clauses in place of was. However, in everyday conversation, was is often used.,TIPS,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,条件从句,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,将来,did（were）,had done,would/could/should /might

11、+do,would/could/should /might +have done,1.did 2.should+do 3. were to do,would/could/should/ might +do,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,考点与难点归纳,1.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 2.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 3.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法 4.一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 5. 与含蓄条件句 6.虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定,考点,难点,错综时间条件句,We can also put should, were and had at the beginning of an unreal condi

12、tional sentence. In this case, if is not needed any more. Please rewrite the sentences:,E.g.,If you should make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed.,Should you make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed.,条件句中虚拟语气的倒装,2 ) If you had told me earlier, I would not have this problem now.,Had you t

13、old me earlier, I would not have this problem now.,3) If you were to take the train, you would be there much sooner.,Were you to take the train, you would be there much sooner.,条件句中虚拟语气的倒装,条件句中虚拟语气的倒装,TIPS,注意: 如果省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时,不能用动词的缩略形式.,我们可以说: Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now

14、. 但是不能说: Werent it for ,E.g.,_ she _ yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today. Hadnt; left B. Had; not left C.If; didnt leave D. Didnt; leave,当条件状语从句所表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”。在这种情况下，我们切不可照搬某种形式，而应该按照句中所表述的时间关系，再选择相应的虚拟形式。,错综时间条件句,1. If the flower had been watered, it _ now. A. w

15、ouldnt die B. is dead C. had been dead D. will not die 2. If his television set had not been stolen yesterday, he _ TV now. A. would watch B. would have watched C. would be watching D. is watching,错综时间条件句,If you _(study) hard before, you _(be) a college student now and you _(graduate) from a college

16、 in fours time.,had studied,would be,would graduate,More practice,Fill in the blanks with the verbs given in the brackets in their proper forms.,1.You didnt let me drive. If we _ (drive) in turn, you _(not get) so tired.,2._it _(not be) for your help, I couldnt have made any progress.,had driven,wou

17、ldnt have got,Had,not been,3. Has Mr Smith recovered now? Yes. Who_(think) that such a serious illness could be cured?,4._it _(rain) tomorrow, the match would be called off.,would have thought,Were / Should,to rain / rain,5.Most of the students felt rather disappointed at the English party. They sai

18、d that it _ (organize) better.,6.Jean doesnt want to work right away because she thinks that if _(get) a job, she probably wouldnt be able to see her friends very often.,could/might have been organized,were to get/should get/got,7.Much labour would have been saved if electronic computer _ (invent) b

19、efore.,8. Well done, Jack！ Thanks. But given more time, I _(do) it better.,had been invented,cold/would/might have done,Now here are more exercises for you to check whether you have mastered what you have learned in this class. Please choose the correct answers to the following multiple choices.,Cho

20、ose the right answer:,Everything if Albert hadnt called the fire brigade.,will be destroyed B. will have been destroyed C. would be destroyed D. would have been destroyed,2. The business is risky. But _ , we would be rich. A. should we succeed B. we should succeed C. might we succeed D. would we suc

21、ceed,3. What would have happened, _, as far as the river bank?,A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther,4. I _ you some money, but I hadnt any on me then.,A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent,5. _ today, he

22、would get there by Friday.,A. Was he leaving B. If he leaves C. Were he to leave D. If he is leaving,6. Supposing this ship ,do you think there would be enough life jackets for all the passengers?,were to sink B. has sunk C. was sinking D. sunk,7. I dont think hell attend the party, and _ he attend it, what would he wear?,A. were B. had C. did D. should,9. You can ask your brother for help. He isnt at home. If he _, I _.,were, would B. is, would C. is, will D. were, w