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锤式破碎机的设计【含4张CAD图纸+文档】,含4张CAD图纸+文档,破碎,设计,CAD,图纸,文档
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锤式破碎机的设计摘要锤式破碎机大量应用于水泥厂、电厂等各个部门,所以,它的设计有着广泛的前景和丰富的可借鉴的经验。其设计的实质是,在完成总体的设计方案以后,就指各个主要零部件的设计、安装、定位等问题,并对个别零件进行强度校核和试验。并在相关专题中,对锤头的寿命延长进行比较详细的分析。在各个零部件的设计中,要包括材料的选择、尺寸的确定、加工的要求,结构工艺性的满足,以及与其他零件的配合的要求等。在强度的校核是,要运用的相关公式,进行危险部位的分析、查表、作图和计算等。并随后对整体进行安装、工作过程以及工作后的各方面的检查,同时兼顾到维修、保险装置等方面的问题,最后对两个主要工作零件的加工精度、公差选择进行分析,以保证破碎机最终设计的经济性和可靠性。关键词:锤式破碎机;锤头;强度;公差The Design Of the Hammer CrusherAbstractHammer type breakers are applied to such each department as the cement plant, power plant, etc. in a large amount, so its design has an extensive prospect and experience that can be used for reference. Its design essence is, formerly after total conceptual design, a design which points each main spare part, question of installing and making a reservation etc., and carry on the intensity to check and test to the specific part, and in relevant thematic parts, analysis of comparing question that the life-span of very beginning of the hammer lengthens in detail. In the design of each spare part, should include the choice, sureness, demand processed, structure craft satisfication of the size of the material, and the demand for cooperating with other parts, etc. When the intensity is checked, should use relevant formulae, carry on the analysis of the dangerous position, need to check form, mapping, calculation, etc. Then to install , work course , work situation after predict that carries on more overall inspection whole, give consideration to the question in such respects as maintaining and safety ,etc. at the same time. Finally, choose to analyse in machining accuracy, public errand to two groundwork parts, economy and dependability that the breaker soed as to ensure is designed finally.Keywords: Hammer type breakers, hammer, intensity, tolerance不要删除行尾的分节符,此行不会被打印- II -目录摘要IAbstractII第1章 绪论11.1 课题背景11.2 选题分析11.3 国内外现状11.3.1 国内发展情况11.3.2 国外发展情况2第2章 原理及其设计方案的确定32.1 破碎机的结构及原理32.1.1 破碎原理32.1.2 破碎机的主要结构32.2 设计方案42.3 本章小结4第3章 锤式破碎机的电动机功率的计算和选择53.1破碎机电动机功率的计算53.1.1 综合各种因素计算功率53.1.2 根据生产实践以及引用经验公式计算电动机功率63.2 电动机型号的选择73.3 本章小结7第4章 锤式破碎机的主要机构参数的84.1 转子部分结构84.2转子转速的确定84.3转子轴的设计94.3.1转子轴尺寸设计94.3.2转子轴的校核114.4锤头参数的设计124.4.1锤头质量确定的理论分析124.4.2锤头质量参数的确定144.5带传动部分的设计164.5.1 设计步骤和方法164.5.2 带轮的设计184.6圆盘的设计194.7角接触球轴承的选择及校核204.8键的选择及校核204.8.1转子上键的校核214.8.2皮带轮上键的校核214.9本章小结21第5章 电涡流传感器的选择、功能原理及其结构235.1选择电涡流传感器235.2电涡流传感器工作的原理235.3电涡流传感器结构255.3.1探头结构255.3.2延伸电缆255.4本章小结26结论27致谢28参考文献29附录30千万不要删除行尾的分节符,此行不会被打印。在目录上点右键“更新域”,然后“更新整个目录”。打印前,不要忘记把上面“Abstract”这一行后加一空行- IV -第1章 绪论1.1 课题背景锤式破碎机是破碎的一种设备,尤其是适用于1215t/h矿山煤等硬度的物料破碎。能等硬度的调节破碎细度,具有生产效率高、能耗小、使用安全、维修方便等优点,所以得到了很多矿站的亲睐。为了使锤击破碎机得以进一步改进,在标准化、通用化、系列化方面日趋完善,现对锤式破碎机的性能因素和质量要素等方面进行分析、研究和讨论,使其不但在结构和功能上更加先进合理,而且更加有利于环境保护1.2 选题分析我的毕业设计题目是锤式破碎机设计。破碎机是冶金、矿山、电力、化工、建筑、陶瓷、水泥和筑路等工业部门广泛应用的设备,每年有大量的原料和再利用的废物都需要用破碎机进行处理。如在选矿厂,为使矿石中的有用矿物达到单体分离,就需用破碎机将原矿物破碎到磨矿工艺需要的粒度,磨机再把破碎机所提供的原料磨至有余矿物单体分离的粒度。在水泥厂,需要用破碎机将原料破碎,以便烧成熟料,然后再将熟料磨细成水泥。在炼焦厂、烧结厂、陶瓷厂、玻璃厂、粉末冶金等部门,需用破碎机磨机械将原料粉磨到下一步作用需要的粒度。在建筑和筑路业中,许大量具有一定粒度的碎石料,这些碎石料都是有各类破碎机制备的。在化工、电力部门,破碎机磨机械将原料破碎研磨,增加物料的表面积,为缩短物料化工反应的时间创造有利条件。 1.3 国内外现状1.3.1 国内发展情况根据参考文献1知我国胡景坤和徐小荷研究颗粒的粉碎时得出结论,静压粉碎效率为100%,单次冲击效率在35%40左右。为了节约能量,提高粉碎效率,应多用静压粉碎,少用冲击粉碎。在各种金属、非金属、化工矿物原料及建筑材料的加工过程中,粉碎作业要消耗巨大的能量,而且又是个低效作业。物料粉碎过程中,由于作业中产生发声、发热、振动和摩擦等作用,使能源大量消耗。因而多年来界内人士一直在研究如何达到节能、高效地完成破碎过程。 目前破碎理论、工艺和设备的研究主要着重于:(1)研究在破碎中节能、高效的理论,也力求找出新 理论突破人们已熟知的破碎三大理论;(2)研究新的非机械力的高能或多力场联合作用的破碎设备,目前还没见有工业化的设备,只是研究阶段;(3)改进现有设备,这方面经常是根据用户自己需要来进行,而不见市场上大规模生产或研制新设备。 1.3.2 国外发展情况物料破碎是一个历史悠久的话题。早在20世纪50年代艾利斯时,查尔默斯公司就开始大规模研究破碎工作,60年代得出具有重大意义的结论。随着研究的深入,人们熟知了高功率的破碎作业,可以用来改善能源效率和降低生产成本。B HBergstrom在研究单颗粒破碎时发现,在空气中一次破碎的碎片撞击金属板时明显地产生二次破碎,一次破碎的碎片具有的动能占全部破碎能量的45。如能充分利用二次破碎能量,则可提高破碎效率。也有人指出,较小的持续负荷比短时间的强大冲击更有希望破碎物料。目前“料层粉碎的理论”已为粉碎界的公认,根据料层粉碎理论研制的新设备有美国诺德伯格公司的旋盘圆锥破碎机、俄罗斯的惯性圆锥破碎机等。 第2章 原理及其设计方案的确定2.1 破碎机的结构及原理2.1.1 破碎原理破碎机械虽然类型繁多,但按施力方法不同,对物料破碎有挤压,弯曲,冲击,剪切和研磨等方法,而在破碎机械中,施力情况很复杂,往往是几中施力情况同时存在。由于物料颗粒的形状是不规则的,而且物料的物性不同,所以采用的破碎方法也不同,利用机械力破碎物料按施加外力不同有如下几种方法:1、挤压破碎两个破碎工作面对夹于其间的物料施加压力,当物料受到的压应力达到其抗压强度极限时而破碎。2、劈裂破碎当两个带尖棱的工作面靠近时,尖棱楔入物料而使内部产生拉应力,当其值亏过物料的抗拉强度极限时,物料裂开,并在尖棱与物料接触点局部产生碎末。3、折断破碎夹在工作面之间的物料如受集中力作用的简支梁或多支梁,物料主要由于受弯曲应力而折断,但在物料与工作面接触处受到劈力作用。4、冲击破碎物料受到足够大的瞬时冲击力而破碎,它的破碎力是瞬时作用的,其破碎效果高,破碎效果高,破碎比大,能量消耗小。总之,掌握了物料性质与破碎方式相适应的道理,无论是对其它矿物,如金属矿石,化工原料等破碎,都可正确选择所需的破碎设备。2.1.2 破碎机的主要结构冲击锤式破碎机主要由机体、转子、蓖条体和传动装置四大部分组成。下面对这四大部分分别作一简述。 1、机体 它的主要功能是支承转子和蓖条体实现对物料的破碎且保证有足够大的破碎腔使物料得以充分破碎。另外,为了防止物料对机体内壁的磨损,在机体易磨损的内壁上均铺有衬板。反击板应能开启至适当位置,便于更换反击衬板和其他衬板。打开检修盖后可以更换锤头。此外,打开检修门可将蓖条体移出更换蓖条。打开观察门可以检查锤头与蓖条的间隙大小及锤头的磨损情况。 2、传动装置 它的功能是驭动静转矩子、加速转矩大的转子。 3、转子 转子是本机的主要破碎工具。4、蓖条体 蓖条体是物料承受锤击的承载体,同时又是物料排出的产品粒度的约束体。2.2 设计方案如图2-1是锤式破碎机的机构简图,物料进入机体内,受高速运动的锤子打击、冲击、剪切、研磨作用而粉碎。在转子下部大于筛孔尺寸的继续受锤子打击和研磨,最后通过筛孔排除机体外。因此在设计过程中主要考虑主轴、锤头、轴承的受力情况,从而设计合适的主轴。 图2-1破碎机结构简图设计步骤如下:1、先初选电动机并校核;2、轴的设计计算及较核;3、给料口尺寸;4、排料口尺寸;5、锤头质量计算;6、轴承的选择及较核;7、破碎机整体结构尺寸设计。2.3 本章小结本章主要是介绍破碎机的基本结构和基本原理以及设计方案的确定。第3章 锤式破碎机的电动机功率的计算和选择3.1破碎机电动机功率的计算转子直径一般是根据物料的尺寸来决定。通常转子的直径与给矿块的尺寸之比为48,大型破碎机则近似取2。转子的长度视机器生产能力的大小而定。转子直径与长度的比值,一般为0.71.5,矿石抗冲击力较强时,应选取较大的比值。现已知给矿块的最大粒度为100mm,转子转数n=970r/min;取转子直径与给矿块的比为6,则转子直径 D=1006=600mm;取转子直径与长度的比值1.5,则长度: L=D/1.5=600/1.5=400mm3.1.1 综合各种因素计算功率1.冲击功率 在锤式破碎机中,每个锤头冲击物料的平均质量可按以下式计算 =12.5式中 Z锤头个数,20则在锤式破碎机中冲击功率为=13.582kw 式中 冲击功率,kW锤头拖拉物料的摩擦功率 移动物料与静止物料之间的摩擦力和锤头与物料之间的摩擦力都消耗了功率,这部分功率可按下式计算=1.625kw 式中 摩擦功率,kW; S物料拖拉长度,0.4m; 摩擦力,N Nm f摩擦系数,f = 0.3; R转子半径,0.3m;2.鼓风功率 鼓风功率可按下式计算 式中 鼓风功率,kW; 锤式破碎机进出口压差,N/m; A 锤头侧面投影面积,0.023.轴承摩擦功率 轴承摩擦功率损失率的计算如下式 式中 轴承摩擦功率,kW; 轴承摩擦力矩,Nm4.电动机功率 考虑到传动效率,电动机功率按下式计算 式中 电动机功率,kW; 传动效率, = 0.90.95 由于在普通型锤式破碎机中约占电动机功率的14%20%,则为 式中 锤式破碎机效率系数一般取0.80.85结合式,最后计算得到电动机的计算功率为 N = 18kw 3.1.2 根据生产实践以及引用经验公式计算电动机功率1.根据根据文献1式(5-9)计算电动机功率 N = KQ(kW) 式中 Q机器的生产能力,kg/h; K比功耗,kw/kg,比功耗视待破碎物料的性质、机器结构特点和破碎比而定。对中等硬度的煤,锤式破碎机取K=1.22。由已知Q=15t/h;且取K=1.2;则N = 15 1.2 =18kw 2.根据文献3得电动机的功率 (kW)式中 D转子直径,D=0.6m; L转子长度,L=0.4m; K过载系数,K=1.151.35,取K=1.35; n转子转数,n = 970r/min 。则 N = 28.29kw 3.2 电动机型号的选择结合式、和式,电动机的功率N28.29kw,根据C参考文献3表16-1-28,选择电动机JB/T 9619-1999型号为Y200L-4,电动机功率为30kw,转速为1470r/min。如表3-1表3-1电动机参数表型号额定功率kW满载时转动惯量转数rmin效率%Y200-L430147092.20.2623.3 本章小结本章主要进行锤式破碎机的电动机功率的总体参数计算以及电动机选择的确定。第4章 锤式破碎机的主要机构参数的选择和计算4.1 转子部分结构转子部分是锤式破碎机的主要部件,如图4-1所示:转子轴4,圆盘5,锤头2,用锤头销轴3分别悬挂在圆盘之间,为防止圆盘和锤轴窜动,固定圆盘套筒1固定。 图 图4-1 锤式破碎机的主要部件4.2转子转速的确定转子的转速是破碎机的重要工作参数,影响破碎机的破碎效率和生产能力。转子的速度 式中 v 转子的圆周速度,m/s n转子转数,970r/min 按上式计算的转子圆周速度只能作为选取时参考。根据文献4可知,目前锤式破碎机的转子圆周速度为1870m/s。一般中小型破碎机的转速为7501 500 r/min,圆周速度为2570 m/s ;大型破碎机的转速为200350 r/min ,转子的圆周速度为1825 m/s。速度愈高,破碎产生的粒度愈小,锤头及衬板、篦条的磨损越大,功率消耗也随之增加。从设备制造角度来看,高转速对机器零部件的加工、安装精度要求也随之增高,而且锤头磨损与转子圆周速度成正比,所以在满足产品粒度要求的情况下,转子圆周速度应选取偏低值。综合以上因素,取转子转速n =970r/min,则转子的线速度v =30.46 m/s。4.3转子轴的设计4.3.1转子轴尺寸设计由于圆盘加厚,锤头质量加重,轴也要相应加粗。该轴主要受转矩m和转子部分的重力。根据文献3可知设计的轴并满足以下条件:1.轴的弯曲强度不能大于许用弯曲强度弯曲强度弯矩 = + 式中 均匀载荷产生的弯矩为扭矩m产生的弯矩 式中 q为轴所受均匀载荷,q=9070N/m r 轴的最小半径,可忽略不计 L该破碎机两轴承的距离,L=0.565m c转子部分的宽度,c=0.4m可得 =512.5N/m = 159.2式中 传递功率 = 电动机功率皮带传递效率= 3090% =27 kw n转子转速 n =970r/min =30.46m/s所以 = 727.1 Nm弯曲强度 12.396 Nm式中 抗弯截面系数,轴的材料为铸钢,从参考文献3得屈服强度为355N/,安全系数 n = 1.152.5,取n=2;则=177.5mm 将和代入得,即mm 2.求挠度转子的重力q产生的挠度与扭矩m产生的挠度迭加起来等于f,应该满足: 式中 均匀载荷产生的挠度 转扭产生的挠度 E弹性模量,查参考文献 6,得E = 200 GPa I惯性矩, 将、代入得 从参考文献6查得 = 0.3mm/m将各数据代入得:mm 3.求转角 转角应满足每米不大于 式中 均匀载荷产生的扭角 转扭产生的扭角从参考文献6查得 = 将有公式和数据代入解得 各数据代入上式得 4.主轴尺寸综合、可得 取轴径中间最大径145mm,即d = 145mm4.3.2转子轴的校核主轴是支承转子的主要零件,冲击力由它来承受。因此,要求主轴的材质具有较高的强度和韧性。通常主轴为圆形,有的主轴断面为方行。由于作用在转子主轴上每个瞬间的载荷大小不等,其用的持续时间又短,仅为千分之几秒,而确定处载荷又与实践情况较大,因此按一般方法计算转子主轴的强度常偏大,当转子体发生严重故障时,主轴仍能保持完整无损。根据有关文献推荐,主轴的强度校核可以简略成下列方法计算。作用在转子主轴上的相对弯矩为: (4-15)式中 作用在主轴上的弯矩,其值可按经验公式计算 = /8 m (为转子总重量,);(4-16) 作用在主轴上的扭矩;=9550P/n; (4-17)P电动机功率KW;30Kwn电动机的转速。1470r/min已知电动机功率P=30Kw,转速为970r/min则初步计算轴的最小直径。由于选取轴的材料为38SiMnMo,调质处理,由机械设计实用手册可得。A与轴的材料及相应的许用扭剪应力如表4-1所示。38SiMnMo的基本参数:=3555Mpa,A=11297Mpa,取 A=105MPa。表4-1 轴常用的几种材料的及A值轴的材料Q235-A、20Q275、354540Cr、35SiMn38SiMnMo、3Cr13/MPa1525203525453555A14912613511212610311297轴的最小直径是与带轮相连接的,考虑到其他因素的影响,参考=600400可逆式破碎机这里取:mm按常规考虑到圆盘在轴向固定等因素影响圆盘处的轴径=145mm校核轴的强度 :kgm = =36.62kgm kgm转子轴调质处理时:MpaMpa 根据: mm只需要满足34.56就可满足强度,所以本设计选轴径强度足够。4.4锤头参数的设计由于锤式破碎机的锤头是铰接地悬挂在转子上,所以正确地选择锤头的重量对破碎机效果和能量消耗有很大作用。如果锤头的重量选得小,则可能满足不了锤击一次就将矿块破碎的要求;若是选得过大,则无用的功率消耗过大,这也是不经济的。因此,锤头重量一定要满足锤击一次使矿块破碎,并使无用功率消耗达到最小值,同时还必须不使锤头过度向后偏倒倒。4.4.1锤头质量确定的理论分析计算锤头质量的方法有两种:一种是根据使锤头运动起来生产的动能等于破碎矿石所需的破碎功来计算锤头的重量;另一种是根据碰撞理论动量相等的原理来计算锤头的重量。前一种方法由于没有考虑锤头打击矿块后的速度损失,故计算出来的锤头重量往往偏小。1. 根据碰撞理论动量相等的原理计算锤头重量根据碰撞理论动量相等的原理计算锤头重量时,考虑锤头打击矿块后,必然会产生速度损失。根据时间总结,追拖打击矿块后的允许速度损失随着破哦随即的规格大小而变,一般在40%60%的范围内,即如图4-2所示: 图4-2 锤头打击物料简图在这一过程中,设锤头给物料的冲量为 ,物料给锤头的冲量为 ,锤头的质量为 ,冲击物料前后的速度分别为 。最大物料块的质量为 ,物料受到锤头冲击物料前和物料被锤头破碎后将离开锤头瞬间的速度分别为 ,根据文献7得到下列公式 式中 则, 冲击物料前锤头和物料的动能为物料受到冲击刚好被破碎离开锤头前瞬间锤头和物料的动能为故在锤头冲击破碎物料过程中动能的损失为 将代入得 整理上式得 或 式中 锤头的理想质量,; 最大物料块质量,; 锤头冲击物料过程中所损失的能量; 锤头打击物料前的速度,; R转子半径; n转子转速由式 求得的锤头质量是假定破碎机在理想工作状态下,即锤头在冲击过程中所损失的能量,全部用在破碎物料上。实际破碎机在工作过程中,有机械损失,热量损失等。因此在确定锤头质量时,应当考虑到各种能量损失。2.根据经验推算法确定锤头质量还有一种确定锤头质量的方法叫经验推算法。锤头冲击物料后,其速度损失过大,这会使锤头绕自己的悬挂轴回转而向后倾斜过大,在下一次与物料相遇时,会空过而不破碎物料,因而会降低破碎机的生产能力和增加无用功的消耗。当然,锤头冲击物料产生的倾斜在离心力的作用下迅速复原,不影响第二次冲击物料。所以锤头冲击物料后只能允许速度损失不大于50%60%。根据文献7 即:由式 式中 ,则整理上式可得 即 从式 中可以得出,锤头质量只与最大物料块质量有关。实际上用式 来确定锤头质量,能保证破碎机的良好破碎性能。分别计算式 和式 ,求得锤头质量,并取较大者。4.4.2锤头质量参数的确定根据参考文献5并由碰撞理论动量相等的原理计算锤头重量 = (0.60.4) 式中 锤头打击物料前的圆周线速度,m/s ; 锤头打击物料后的圆周线速度,m/s。转子的直径愈大,允许速度损失就愈大,反之取偏小值。若锤头物料是塑性碰撞,且设物料碰撞前的速度为零,则根据碰撞理论动量相等的原理可得m= m+Q 式中 m 锤头折算到打击中心处的质量,kGQ 最大物料块的质量,kG将式1 代入式2 ,得m = (0.71.5)Q m 仅仅是锤头的打击质量,锤头实际质量应根据打击质量的转动惯量和锤头质量的转动惯量相等的条件进行质量代换 式中 r 锤头打击中心到悬挂点的距离,m; 锤头的重心到悬挂点的距离,m。从式4可以看出,锤头质量只与打击物料的质量有关,实际上还与物料的性质、受力情况和转子速度有关。根据动量定理m (v1-v2) = Ft 式中 F 锤头作用在物料上的打击力,N ;t 锤头打击物料的时间,一般取t = 0.0010.0015 s。物料一般是脆性的,当其受力达到强度极限时开始破坏,即物料所受外力超过它本身的内聚力就会破坏。在材料实验机上破坏物料的力F=A 式中 物料的抗压强度,Pa ;A 物料垂直于外力方向的断面积,。在实际破碎过程中,大多数物料是各向异性,且物料形状不规则,锤头打击过程又不可能是面接触,故破坏物料所需的力F =F 把式 、式 代入式 ,得m () =At如果允许锤头在打击物料的过程中速度损失40%60% ,则 式中 修正系数,= 0.210.28。取= 0. 24 ,= 3.9 , t = 0.0012s。设物料形状为立方体,其边长a1 = 0. 043 m ,则=1.012r = 0.13m, = 0.064m则锤头实际质量= m= 7. 526 kg4.5带传动部分的设计带传动是利用张紧在带轮上的带,借助它们间的摩擦或啮合,在两轴间传递运动或动力。带传动具有结构简单,传动平稳、造价低廉、不需润滑以及缓冲吸振等特点,在近代机械中被广泛应用。保证带在工作中不打滑,并具有一定的疲劳强度和使用寿命是V带传动设计的主要依据,也是靠摩擦传动的其它带传动设计的主要根据。4.5.1 设计步骤和方法1、设计功率计算功率是根据传递的功率,并考虑到载荷性质和每天运转时间长短等因素的影响而确定的。即 式中:计算功率,单位为 KW; 传递的额定功率,(例如电动机的额定功率),单位为KW; 工况系数,(由参考文献8查得=1.3)所以可求得: =1.330 = 39kw2、选择带型根据计算功率和小带轮的转速=1470r/min,由参考文献8查得选定SPC型.mm取基准直径125mm3、确定带轮的基准直径和(1)初选小带轮的基准直径 根据V带截型,参考参考文献8选取. 为了提高V带的寿命,宜选取较大的直径。所以取: =125mm(2)验算带的速度根据参考文献8式(3-8) 来计算带的速度,并应使。对于普通V带=2530ms;对于窄V带,=3540ms.如果,则离心力过大,即表示选过小,这将使所需的有效力过大,即所需带的根数z过多,于是带宽度、轴径及轴承的尺寸都要随之增大。一般以20ms可求出:ms(3)计算从动轮的基准直径=,并按参考文献8V带轮的基准直径系列表8-5c加以适当圆整。又: =1.84125=230mm(4)初定轴间距 如果中心距未给出,可根据传动的结构需要初定中心距,取: 所以取 =450mm确定带的基准长度取定后,根据带传动的几何关系,按下式计算所需要带的基准长度 即: mm根据由参考文献8选取和相近的V带的基准长度。在根据来计算实际中心距。所以查得1600mm实际轴间距: mm 安装时所需最小中心距 mm 张紧或补偿伸长所需最大中心距 mm(5)验算主动轮上的包角 (6)单根V带传递的额定功率及增量根据带型、n1和dd1查参考文献8表8-5a单根V带所能传递的额定功率P0=7.47kW,按传动比查参考文献8表8-5b单根V带所能传递额定功率的增加量P0=0.40kw(7)确定带的根数 = 式中:考虑包角不同时的影响系数,简称包角系数 考虑带的长度不同时的影响系数,简称长度系数 单根V带的基本额定功率 计入传动比的影响时,单根V带额定功率的增量在确定V带的根数z时,为了使各根V带受力均匀,根数不宜太多(通常z10),否则应改选带的截型,重新计算。4.5.2 带轮的设计1.V带轮设计的要求设计带轮时,应使其结构便于制造,质量分布均匀,重量轻,并避免由于铸造产生过大的内应力。V5m/s时要进行静平衡,V25m/s时则应进行动平衡。 轮槽工作表面应光滑,以减少V带的磨损。2.带轮的材料带轮材料常采用灰铸铁、钢、铝合金或工程塑料等。灰铸铁应用最广,v30m/s时用HT200,v2545m/s,则宜采用铸铁或铸钢,也可用钢板冲压一焊接带轮。小功率传动可用铸铝或塑料。3.结构尺寸带轮由轮缘、轮辐或轮毂三部分组成。铸铁制V带轮的典型结构有以下几种形式(1)实心式;(2)腹板式;(3)孔板式;(4)椭圆轮辐式。带轮的基准直径 ( 为轴的直径,单位为mm),可以采用实心式; 时,可以采用腹板式;当 时,可以采用孔板式; ,可以采用轮辐式。根据V带设计计算可知应选实心式。其结构示意图结果见图4-2。图4-2 带轮的结构4.6圆盘的设计对于圆盘的设计主要由圆盘销孔的中心设计与强度校核。圆盘材料为ZG270-500调质处理HB17010,在圆盘上加工4个均匀分布36的孔,圆盘厚度为25mm。其结构如图4-3所示:图4-3 圆盘结构及主要参数尺寸4.7角接触球轴承的选择及校核转子传动系统固定两端承受轴向力和径向力,并且承受轴向力不大,可选用角接触球轴承。而且两端轴径一样大,因此,只校核一次即可。根据轴的尺寸,查参考文献8表20.6-7,选用7026C GB/T292-94 角接触球轴承,其基本参数见表4-3:表4-3 7026C角接触球轴承的基本参数d(mm)D(mm)B(mm)Cr(kN)Cor(kN)极限转速(r/min)脂润滑油润滑1302003312813516003600轴承寿命校核计算:根据参考文件10,滚动轴承寿命的校核条件为:式中:轴承应具有的基本额定动载荷,单位为N; 轴承所受的载荷,单位为N; , 查参考文献8表13-5,得: ,其中e为判断系数。故取。由公式得: 轴承的转速,等于转子的当量转速r/min; 轴承预期计算寿命,单位为h,h; 寿命指数,对于球轴承。由公式1得 kN因为本设计中选用的轴承的基本额定动载荷为128kN,所以满足使用要求。4.8键的选择及校核此设计使用的键主要用来传递转矩,承受径向力,因此选用普通圆头平键即可满足要求。本设计中分别在转子和皮带轮上用到键,因此,必须对两个键进行校核。4.8.1转子上键的校核平键联接的强度计算条件为: 式中:传递的转矩,由上述计算可知;键与轮毂键槽的接触高度,单位为mm,为键的高度,=16mm;键的工作长度,单位为mm,对于圆头平键,为键的公称长度,为键的宽度=28mm;mm;轴的直径,=145mm;键材料的许用挤压应力,单位为MPa,MPa。由公式3得MPaMPa所以,本设计中的键满足强度要求。4.8.2皮带轮上键的校核平键联接的强度计算条件为: 式中:传递的转矩,由上述计算可知;键与轮毂键槽的接触高度,单位为mm,为键的高度,=16mm; 键的工作长度,单位为mm,对于圆头平键,为键的公称长度,为键的宽度=28mm;mm;轴的直径,=130mm;键材料的许用挤压应力,单位为MPa,MPa。由公式得MPaMPa所以,本设计中的键满足强度要求。 4.9本章小结本章主要对锤式破碎机总体主要的机构参数进行详细的公式计算然后对工作参数的选择。第5章 电涡流传感器的选择、功能原理及其结构5.1选择电涡流传感器电涡流位移传感器长期工作可靠性好、灵敏度高、抗干扰能力强、非接触测量、响应速度快、不受油水等介质的影响,常被用于对大型旋转机械的轴位移、轴振动、轴转速等参数进行长期实时监测,可以分析出设备的工作状况和故障原因,有效地对设备进行保护及进行预测性维修。从转子动力学、轴承学的理论上分析,大型旋转机械的运行状态主要取决于其核心转轴,而电涡流位移传感器能直接测量转轴的状态,测量结果可靠、可信。过去,对于机械的振动测量采用加速度传感器或速度传感器,通过测量机壳振动,间接地测量转轴振动,测量结果的可信度不高。由于要检测的物体是转子部分,因此符合上述条件,选择电涡流传感器。5.2电涡流传感器工作的原理传感器系统的工作机理是电涡流效应,如图5-1所示。当接通传感器系统电源时,在前置器内会产生一个高频电流信号,该信号通过电缆送到探头的头部,在头部周围产生交变磁场H1。如果在磁场H1的范围内没有金属导体材料接近,则发射到这一范围内的能量都会全部释放;反之,如果有金属导体材料接近探头头部,则交变磁场H1将在导体的表面产生电涡流场,该电涡流场也会产生一个方向与H1相反的交变磁场H2。由于H2的反作用,就会改变探头头部线圈高频电流的幅度和相位,即改变了线圈的有效阻抗。这种变化既与电涡流效应有关,又与静磁学效应有关,即与金属导体的电导率、磁导率、几何形状、线圈几何参数、激励电流频率以及线圈到金属导体的距离等参数有关。假定金属导体是均质的,其性能是线性和各向同性的,则线圈金属导体系统的物理性质通常可由金属导体的磁导率、电导率、尺寸因子r,线圈与金属导体距离,线圈激励电流强度I和频率等参数来描述。因此线圈的阻抗可用函数Z=F(,r,I,)来表示。图5-1电涡流作用原理图如果控制、r、I、恒定不变,那么阻抗Z就成为距离的单值函数,由麦克斯韦尔公式,可以求得此函数为一非线性函数,其曲线为“S”形曲线,在一定范围内可以近似为一线性函数。在实际应用中,通常是将线圈密封在探头中,线圈阻抗的变化通过封装在前置器中的电子线路的处理转换成电压或电流输出。这个电子线路并不是直接测量线圈的阻抗,而是采用并联谐振法,见图5-2,即在前置器中将一个固定电容和探头线圈Lx并联与晶体管T一起构成一个振荡器,振荡器的振荡幅度Ux与线圈阻抗成比例,因此振荡器的振荡幅度Ux会随探头与被测间距改变。Ux经检波滤波,放大,非线性修正后输出电压Uo,Uo与的关系曲线如图5-3所示,可以看出该曲线呈“S”形,即在线性区中点0处(对应输出电压U0)线性最好,其斜率(即灵敏度)较大,在线性区两端,斜率(灵敏度)逐渐下降,线性变差。(1,U1) 线性起点,(2,U2) 线性末点。图5-2传感器原理框图图5-3传感器输出特性曲线5.3电涡流传感器结构5.3.1探头结构探头对正被测体表面,它能精确地探测出被测体表面相对于探头端面间隙的变化。通常探头由线圈、头部、壳体、高频电缆、高频接头组成,其典型结构见图5-4所示。图5-4 探头典型结构线圈是探头的核心,它是整个传感器系统的敏感元件,线圈的物理尺寸和电气参数决定传感器系统的线性量程以及探头的电气参数稳定性。探头头部采用耐高低温的PPS工程塑料,通过“二次注塑”工艺将线圈密封其中。这项技术增强了探头头部的强度和密封性,在恶劣环境中可以保护头部线圈能可靠工作。头部直径取决于其内部线圈直径,由于线圈直径决定传感器系统的基本性能线性量程,因此我们通常用头部直径来分类和表征各型号探头,一般情况传感器系统的线性量程大致是探头头部直径的1/21/4。探头壳体用于支撑探头头部,并作为探头安装时的装夹结构。壳体采用不锈钢制成,一般上面刻有标准螺纹,并备有锁紧螺母。高频电缆是用于联接探头头部到前置器这种电缆是用氟塑料绝缘的射频同轴电缆,通常电缆长度有0.5m、1m、5m、9m四种。以保护电缆不易被损坏,对于现场安装探头电缆无管道布置的情况,应该选择铠装。根据探头的应用场合和安装环境,探头所带电缆可以配有不锈钢软管铠装探头电缆接头是符合美国军用规范MIL-C-39012的高频同轴接头。探头整体各部件通过机械变形联接,在恶劣环境中可以保证探头的稳定性和可靠性。5.3.2延伸电缆作为系统的一个组成部分,延伸电缆(如图5-5所示)用来联接和延长探头与前置器之间的距离,选择延伸电缆的长度应该使延伸电缆长度加探头电缆长度与配套前置器所要求的长度一致(5m或9m),铠装选择的情况同探头电缆。图5-5延伸电缆 延伸电缆的两端接头不同,带阳螺纹的接头与探头联接,带阴螺纹的接头与前置器联接。5.4本章小结本章主要是介绍电涡轮传感器的结构和基本工作的原理。 千万不要删除行尾的分节符,此行不会被打印。“结论”以前的所有正文内容都要编写在此行之前。- 44 -结论PC破碎机是21世纪初的高科技产品,它完美地利用了层压破碎理论,能充分发挥层压破碎和次生破碎作用而获得极高的破碎率。PC破碎机有数种衬板相配,可提供不同的破碎室腔形,从而根据用户要求对产品的粒度、形状和破碎比提供多种选择是选矿、水泥、公路碎石及其他各种非金属矿山用的想破碎机,并可与ACM-AB型粉碎机组效超细粉碎系统。PC破碎机优良的技术性能可大幅度提高破碎作业的效率和质量,使选矿厂在“多碎少磨”的流程中得到高效益的实践。低钢耗和低能耗尽显低成 生产带来的好处。致谢这次的毕业设计是我大学四年学业中的最后一次设计,也是最为重要的一次设计。在本次设计过程中,因为基础知识不扎实而引起了不少错误,走了不少的弯路。与此同时,使我更加深刻的巩固了专业课知识。本次设计中,最应感谢的是赵燕江老师不辞劳苦,给我讲解设计中的注意事项以及给我制定了合理的设计步骤,他一次又一次耐心的纠正了我在设计中所犯的错误,使我的设计能够顺利地完成并使我学到了不少的实践知识,为我以后的工作和学习打下了一个良好的基础。与此同时,十分感谢四年来精心栽培我的各位老师,在你们的教导和帮助下,我掌握了今后在社会上生存的专业本领。在今后的工作中,我一定时刻记起老师的谆谆教导,不会辜负老师对我的期望。参考文献1 周恩浦.矿山机械.冶金工业出版社,19782 张国旺.锤式破碎机电动机功率的确定,长沙矿冶研究院学报,19923 黄爱民.PC600400锤式破碎机改良设计,冶金工业出版社,19994 成大先.机械设计手册变(减)速器电机与电器,化学工业出版社,20045 任小中,陈新建,苏建新.锤式破碎机转子主要技术参数的确定,煤矿机械,20086 李洪.机械设计与制造工艺, 沈阳辽宁科学技术出版社,19997 于鹏军.锤式破碎机锤头重量的确定,矿山机械,20028 唐敬麟.破碎与筛分机械设计选用手册.化学工业出版,20009 代明君.梁为.互换性与测量技术 .黑龙江教育出版社,199210周恩浦.锤式破碎机锤头的动力学及锤头运动的稳定性.中南矿冶学院学报,1983:283011 德J.Lewinski.单块矿粒对锤式破碎机锤头的冲击作用的分析.选矿机械,1987年:424412 陆庆长.锤式破碎机篦条的改进.矿山机械,1999:13 任德树.粉碎筛分原理与设备.冶金工业出版社,198414 吴宗泽. 机械设计实用手册.化学工业出版社,200315 甘永立, 几何量公差与检测.上海科学技术出版社,200316 Hu X., Yuan G. and Zhou Z., Synthesis and characterization of high effective additive, N-containing, zinc diary by Mannich reaction 1999.17 Michael Korneli, Contributing Writer. Designing progressive dies.2001 18 Chang W C,Van Y T.Researching Design Trens for the Redesign of Product From Design Studies 2003.24(2):173_18019 Mou J,Liu C R.An error correction method for CNC machine tools using reference parts.transactions of NAMRE/SME,1994.20 Sutton G P.The machine tool task forch. Bal Habour Hotel,1980.附录Talk single section of selection of hammer type crusher hammer headAbstractThis article introduces design, manufacture and material selection of a new generation of hammerhead hammer crusher.Keywords: Crusher hammering head, design, manufacture, materials.After Western Europe cement has appeared in the industry, more than 20 years up to now to single section of shock new generation type hammer type crusher, and more than twenty years, it was from the design of technology structure, and making and material nature to choose etc, what got constantly is perfect and have become the equipment that the broken efficiency is the highest, universally popularizes and applies in its advanced in abroad many industry cement plant and limestone mine workshop. And technology broken with one level replaced the broken technology of two levels or three levels which over a long period of time taken over, and achieved better effect. Broken technology was simplified in the emergence of broken technology of one level, and builds or aspect transforming the limestone mine, reducing broken(ly) carrying and gathers dust etc that the equipment and the factory building and centre stores in a warehouse the building the input of feed container, and practises thrift the engineering construction investment always, and still practises thrift the mass electric energy in production, and reduced the operation of equipment maintenance man, and gained better technology economy effect. The eighties after entering our country has been universalized in to apply in builds and transforms in the big-and-middle-sized cement plant of our country the broken technology of this kind of one level.This kind of new type crusher is on the foundation of past crusher, and from the structure, the material is chosen constantly to improve to develop and is become the design and manufacturing of major part, for example Beijing heavy duty machinery factory recommends MBs mould hammer type crusher of German O&K company, and the special design was done in its broken cavity, not only having to lash broken and counterattacks the broken function, but also has the fixed anti- bullet function, and the electromagnetism which can be mixed in the limestone is inhaled the metal thing that the iron was not absorbed instead in the fixed scope leaping out. If in Fujian Longyuan cement plant twice load test runs in revolving, successively one thickness 35mm, heavily reaches 38 kilograms the ring form dunnage 6 kilograms one heavy indisputable instead leaps out, the more typical is in the new cement plant of Hubei Province China, and the shovel tooth with power shovels of 4 cubic metres safe(ly) instead leaps out, and the machine does not suffer any harm. Is old style hammer type crusher can not compared, and his reliability and service life also are the generally old style hammer type crusher is not had to harsh nature of his operating mode condition to its chiefly work part - hammer head, and have become the hinge of this crusher. The next is done some brief introductions to this kind of crusher hammer head.1 hammer decideing on of head Austria human relations phases of Germany are level - MAMMUT ( abbreviation MBs mould ) crusher of Ke Peier company ( O&K ), and Denmark Shi Misi company ( FLS ) EVs crusher; The crusher more than the use is all very laid stress on the chemical composition of limestone with HES and HDSs mould of big vast fort company ( KHD ) of Germany, especially dissociates the content of silica content, physics function, clay soil and moisture content, and the ore structure condition, thus comes to think over material nature and his structure of his hammer head. 2 hammers hot conditionss inside the broken cavity of headOwing to the hammer hot conditions of the inefficacy of head and broken is closed closely, so the design of hammer head and making must be thought over his work circumstances in smashing something to pieces cavity. The usual ore enters smashing something to pieces behind the cavity, and all suffers the strong shock arranging of high-speed operation hammer head with the fixed drop in elevation. The crusher of new type, not only his shocks is energetically strong, but also makes the thing expects at hammer frame and the hammer in the motion, gains kinetic energy, another shock board ( calling counterattacking the board ) inside the broken machine cavity of shock at a high speed, then and from the shock anti- rebound of board to the hammer the broken area, the so repeated smashs something to pieces and mills, the ore constantly along his the joint itself layer and smashs something to pieces in interface and natural crack and loose, and until his size is smaller than the comb with a double-edged fine-toothed comb sieve interval, blows off the organism. 30 - 33 meters are generally taken to the linear velocity of these hammers head work / second, the linear velocity of the EV of Denmark Shi Misi company mould hammer type crusher hammer head the high(ly)est took 39 meters once / second, it is 4 - 6 times per second that a frequency which hit is participated in by every hammer head. 3 hammers type crusher hammer dead analyses of head According to the mentioned above circumstances, the new hammer type crusher hammer head itself is bearing centrifugal force when work, and does being used the shock of ore and mills, and is bearing the shock of the strong reacting force of ore, still having rub stress and drawing which come into contact with between hammer hole and hammer axle power, these destruction factors that the power is the hammer head have the wear under the general status and split two kinds of destruction circumstances, and the wear version is the normal appearance, and it occurs the rub Mian between surface and top and hammer hole and the hammer axle of hammer head, and the fine hammer head really weares and teares, and is wear and tear losing efficacy putting off as far as possible. The hammer head splits that the destruction right and wrong is green, and it chiefly is the unsuitable and defect of manufacture technology owing to the qualitative selection of material, and makes that intensity and plasticity of hammer head itself is inadequate, and gives rise to the stress concentration, or the use unsuitably waits for the factor and creates. So the hammer of the high quality head must possess the sclerosis effect of hard surface or good, and still will possess enough internal intensity and good plasticity theory function, and can suit repeatedly the broken work of shock inside the broken cavity, and realize that his wear is small, the sunday purpose. 4 The material nature of hammers heads and manufacturingA now hammer type crusher hammer material nature of use is a lot, and it is also a lot of to make the method, and resembles several kinds of material nature greatly but belonging to casting, forging, surfacing and the combination four basically, and appears to incite somebody to action in common use to give an example that the introduction is following: 4.1 high manganese chromium steel casts the hammer High manganese chromium steel more is suitable in the acute shock and works with the wear operating mode than potassium steel, and it is not having a magnetism austenitic steel, and being the hig strength abrasion resistant steel of model, possessing high toughness, it is on the foundation of potassium steel to tensile strength and percentage elongation, and joining the chromium of one fixed quantity, can raise his original hardness, and especially raise the subduing limit and cannot harm in tensile strength and percentage elongation, raising the wear resistance and avoid his plastic deformation, each producer all worked out oneself the standard, and bys way of oneself technology and interior accuse quota, making the cast after the pliable but strong processing of water, and gains the complete austenite metallographic structure, and utmost was controlled the formation of carbide, and hammer that appears with Germany O&K company, Denmark F.L.SMIDTH company and Japanese maize ironworker the material nature chemical composition is expressed showing as follows. 4.2 the alloy steel forges the hammer head Because the fact that the hammer not only need to be able to bear or endure the shock of strong power, and will wear-resisting(ly) lose, and works as the limestone grade belonging to medium hardness, even when soft partially, generally the cold hardening effect of high manganese chromium steel is unclear, German O&K company MAMMUTs crusher with big vast fort ( K.H.P ) HESs crusher all selected the hammer of alloy steel forging, the heavy machine factory of Beijing recommends after MAMMUTs crusher license technology of German O&K company, his produces MBs Composition and hardness are cast to high manganese chromium steel4.3 compound material hammer head Owing to the hammer end ministry of head receives that the power is different with the receiving power of hammer bearing hole place, and material nature which in front selected is laid stress on the requirement of hammer end head, the to this end Ma Getuo of the Belgium ( Mogoffeoax ) company according to his two aspects receives power different(ly) to ask different(ly), and produces one kind of high chromium iron casting hammer head of compound casting. It is on the hammer handle in the alloy structural steel forging, and the ministry that makes the hammer head receive to lash rubs is piece for the high chromium iron casting material to high chromium iron casting on the compound casting, and making the hammer handle partly have the plasticity enough, and a hammer head end ministry possesses very high hardness and thewear resistance, and they in all ask very strict(ly) at the aspect of smelting of material and heat treatment, and after the high chromium iron casting part quenches as a result of high temperature and the low temperature tempering, his remnants austenite organisations asks controlling in the tiny scope, and that its chemical composition reaches casts like the sketch map. The ESCO company of the United States developed the crusher hammer head of one kind of type making up like the graph, and his characteristic is can change the lashing the part rubbing of hammer head end ministry quickly, and maintenance person need not whole hammer of the demounting head, only dismantling to load to lash the melting the axle of head, namely can change the hammer head quickly, his hammer head also can be made high chromium iron casting, and according to introduces when the hammer handle wearing and tearing when discarding, it probably changed 10 - 30 pairs of hammers heads, and when changing the hammer head, the metal genuinely thrown away is only occupied 25% - 35% of whole hammer nose heavy capacity every time, it is thus clear that more economical.4.4 the hammer head is repaired in the surfacing after the wearAlloy steel to weares and teares after the fixed level forges hammer head and alloy steel and casts the hammer head, and has the user of condition can adopt the surfacing restoration. The influence owing to thermal effect to his metal organisation is not easily controlled potassium steel and high manganese chromium steel, therefore the surfacing is hard to achieve satisfied effect. 5.Reasonable lectotype of 5 hammers heads Artificer must fully understand the natural conditions that the thing will smashing something to pieces is expected when designing one Taiwan limestone crusher, if fully income material size and hardness that the thing is expected dissociates content, clay soil and the moisture content content of silica etc, and is reasonably selected the geometric form size and the weight of hammer head, with his hammer of guaranty dynamics working. 6.about hammer head judging of good and bad. The good and bad of hammer type crusher hammer head is whether, and being usually processing bys way of certain requirement of one size capacity and the hammer head wears and tears judging, two kinds of numerical value that his is judged are followingType in single hammer G- weight ( kg ) N-s crusher is installed hammer head quantityK-s every hammer head is permitted to wear and tear partly to occupy the weight of whole hammer head limestone processing capacity ( t ) than the one set of hammer ( % ) TheadW- wears and tears than ( gram / ton ) Wear capacity that every hammer head is permitted generally being 12 - 15% to surpass 17%, because a hammer loss is too much, the interval that makes between hammer shock board and the comb with a double-edged fine-toothed comb strip is big excessively, will influence the product size, as for user prepare the forging of the surfacing restoration hammer, but Ying Zaiqis wear partly is smaller than 10% before repairs. Hoping the cement plant, and recommended 7090 moulds MAMMUTs crushers of German O&K company once, the flint tubercle of jade marrow and uneven is kept in the mouth in this factory limestone mine, not only forcibly and dissociates that silicacontent belongs to one kind of ore that broken nature is wronger for 2.04 - 8.9%, but the one set high manganese chromium steel hammer head of this Taiwan crusher first wife deals with wears and tears than only serving as the 0.56 gram / ton limestone and created the very good beneficial result behind more than 1500 thousand tons of limestones. Otherwise, if not thinking over that the thing material character draws sound, to use the high manganese chromium steel hammer head blindly, but the endless ideal of his effect. This the kind of hammer head that the same that like our country recommended in certain cement plant of south crusher was used was only dealt with not wearing and tearing to 300000 tons of limestones discarding. The compound hammer head of high chromium iron casting in is spoken being fit for in the softer limestone on theory, and does not still see the report of concerned economic performance though having used in some cement plants. When the press intensity of most of limestone is smaller than 140MPa, so uses the high manganese cast steel, uneasy fully hardness that gets potassium steel should gain when the cold hardening and early stage is worn and torn, and the alloy steel forges the hammer head, and because of his whole that to possess strong(ly) pliable but strong and hard lashing the surface, suiting the limestone of broken medium hardness, this the kind of forging hammer head that Beijing heavy duty machinery factory produced after recommending the manufacture technique of German O&K company, and passing the test in the use of new cement plant MBs crusher of China, and fully having proved his effect well, his wears and tears than is smaller than the 1 gram / ton limestone. In speaking on overall, raising the hammer of single section of school assignment type crusher hammer service life, not only manufacturing plant will pay attention to pledging manufacture technology and raising hammer qualitative mechanical performance and the quality of material, and also user also will attach importance to the hammer the science lectotype, accomplishes because of the material bringing into effect the hammer with the management of reasonable science, completely raises the hammer service life.谈单段锤式破碎机锤头的选择摘 要重点介绍新一代锤式破碎机锤头的设计、制造及材质选择。关键词 破碎机锤头设计制造材质新一代单段冲击式锤式破碎机在西欧水泥工业中出现后,至今已二十多年,廿多年来,它从工艺结构的设计,制造及材质选用等,得到了不断的完善,已成为破碎效率最高的设备,它已在国外许多工业发达的水泥厂及石灰石矿山车间普遍推广应用。并且以一级破碎的工艺,取代了长期袭用的二级或三级破碎工艺,达到了较好的效果。一级破碎工艺的出现,简化了破碎工艺,在新建或改造石灰石矿山方面,减少了破碎输送、收尘等设备及厂房、中间仓储料斗的筑投入,节约工程建设总投资,而且在生产中还节约了大量的电能,减少了设备的操作维修人员,取得了较好的技术经济效果。这种一级破碎工艺,八十年代进入我国后,已在我国大中型水泥厂建设和改造中普及应用。这种新式破碎机,是在旧的破碎机的基础上,从结构,主要零件的设计、制造,材料选用上不断改进发展而成的,比如北京重型机械厂,引进德国O&K公司的MB型锤式破碎机,它的破碎腔作了特殊设计,不但有冲击破碎和反击破碎的功能,而且有一定的反弹功能,能把混在石灰石中的电磁吸铁未吸取出的金属物在一定范围内反弹出来。如在福建龙岩水泥厂的两次载荷试车运转中,先后把一块厚度35mm,重达38公斤的环状衬板及一块重6公斤的铁块反弹出来,更加典型的是在湖北华新水泥厂,将一个4立方米电铲的铲牙安全的反弹出,机器没有受到任何伤害。
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