名词性从句精选.ppt

1、名词性从句,1. (2013北京高考)makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. ThatB. WhatC. WhoD. Which 【解析】选B。考查主语从句。句意: 使这本书不同寻常的是作者富有创造性的想象力。what引导主语从句, 在句中作主语, 符合句意。that引导主语从句时, 不作句子成分; who指人; which引导主语从句, 意思为哪一个, 哪一些, 均不符合句意。,2. (2013天津高考)I want to tell you is the deep love a

2、nd respect I have for my parents. A. ThatB. WhichC. WhetherD. What 【解析】选D。考查主语从句。句意: 我想告诉你的是我对父母深沉的爱和敬意。分析句子成分可知, 此处是一个主语从句, 从句中tell缺宾语, 根据句意应选D。that引导主语从句不作成分不翻译; which哪一个; whether是否, 引导名词性从句不作成分。,3. (2013四川高考) you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. A. WhenB. How C. What

3、D. That 【解析】选C。考查主语从句。句意: 你在会议上所说的描述了公司的美好未来。A项在名词性从句中作状语; B项作状语; C项可作主语、宾语或表语; D项只起引导作用, 不作句子成分。分析句子结构可知在主语从句中缺少宾语, 故选择C项。,4. (2013江西高考)one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. A. Whoever B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Wherever 【解析】选C。考查主语从句。句意: 无论你们中哪一个打破了窗户都必须赔偿。A项意为“无论谁”; B项意为“无论什么”; C

4、项意为“无论哪一个”; D项意为“无论在哪里”。只有whichever后面可以接代词one。,5. (2013重庆高考)struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son. A. ThatB. It C. What D. Which 【解析】选C。考查主语从句。句意: 这部电影中最打动我的就是那位父亲对儿子深深的爱。C项what引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语, 意为“什么”, 符合句意。A项that要接一句完整的句子引导主语从句, that在从句中没有实际意义, 仅起引导作用, 因此排除; B项it不可以引导主语从

5、句; D项which引导主语从句, 意思为哪一个, 哪一些, 表达疑问的含义, 一般后面需要紧跟名词。,6. (2013陕西高考)It remains to be seenthe newly formed committees policy can be put into practice. A. that B. whichC. whatD. whether 【解析】选D。考查主语从句。句意: 新成立的委员会的政策是否能落实还需拭目以待。分析句子可知, it是形式主语, 后面是一个主语从句, 根据句意选whether。,7. (2013山东高考)Its good to knowthe dogs

6、 will be well cared for while were away. A. whatB. whoseC. whichD. that 【解析】选D。考查主语从句。句意: 当我们不在的时候, 知道这些狗会被好好照顾真是太好了。本句中it是形式主语, 代替后面的从句, 而从句中意思及语法结构完整, 不缺任何成分, 所以选that, 引导主语从句。,8. (2013北京高考)Experts believepeople can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. why B. where C. that D. w

7、hat 【解析】选C。考查宾语从句。句意: 专家们相信人们只在必要的时候购物能减少食品的浪费。that引导宾语从句, that不作任何成分, 只起连接作用。,9. (2013湖南高考)Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tellclose you may be to victory. A. how B. that C. which D. where 【解析】选A。考查宾语从句。句意: 不要让任何失败阻止你, 因为你永远不会知道你离胜利有多么近。how在句中引导宾语从句, 常用于“how +adj. +主语+谓语+其

8、他”结构中, 意为“多么”。,10. (2013新课标全国卷)Police have foundappears to be the lost ancient statue. A. which B. where C. howD. what 【解析】选D。考查宾语从句。句意: 警察发现了疑似失窃的古老雕像。found后是宾语从句, 从句中无主语, A、D两项是连接代词, 能在名词性从句中作主语, B、C两项是连接副词, 不能在名词性从句中作主语。which表示“哪一个”, 有范围限制; what表示“一切事”, 表示泛指。,11. (2013安徽高考)From space, the earth l

9、ooks blue. This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. A. why B. how C. becauseD. whether 【解析】选C。考查表语从句。句意: 从太空上看, 地球看起来是蓝色的。这是因为它表面大约71%都被水覆盖着。because引导表语从句, 表示原因, 符合句意。why意为“为什么”, 所接句子表示结果; how表示方式; whether意为“是否”。,12. (2013浙江高考)The only way to succeed at the highest level

10、 is to have total beliefyou are better than anyone else on the sports field. A. how B. that C. which D. whether 【解析】选B。考查同位语从句。句意: 取得最大成功的唯一方法就是充分相信你在赛场上比其他人更好。该空引导belief的同位语从句。并且在从句中既不作任何句子成分, 也无任何意义, 只能用that。how与which在同位语从句中, 不仅有意义而且作成分; whether在同位语从句中, 虽然不作成分, 但却有意义。故选B。,热点考向 1 主语从句 1. 主要考点: (1)t

11、hat引导主语从句时, 常用it作形式主语, 常见的句型有: It+be+形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/ important/certain等)+that从句。 It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)+that从句。 It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句。 It+特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters)+that从句。,(2)what与that在引导主语从句时的区别: what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分, 如

12、主语、宾语、表语, 而that引导从句, 不充当成分。 What you said yesterday is right. 你昨天说的是对的。(what引导主语从句, 作said的宾语) That English is important is an undoubted fact. 英语很重要是一个不容置疑的事实。(that引导主语从句, 不作任何成分, 但不可省略),(3)主语从句若含有“是否”意义, 其引导词只能用whether, 不能用if。 Whether he will be able to come tomorrow remains a question. 他明天是否能来仍然是个问

13、题。 2. 突破技巧: (1)掌握形式主语的句式特点以及变化根据句意选取合适的连接词, 除连接词that在句子中没有意义, 但不能省略外, 其他连接词均在句中有意义; (2)弄清what, that, which, whether连接主语从句的区别。,【真题变式】用适当的连接词填空 (2012山东高考)It doesnt matter_you pay by cash or credit card in this store. 你在这家商店用信用卡或现金支付都没有关系。,whether,热点考向 2 宾语从句 1. 主要考点: (1)动词find, feel, think, consider,

14、take(认为), make, believe, guess, suppose, assume等后面有宾语补足语时, 且宾语是从句时, 需用it作形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。,(2)宾语从句的语序为陈述语序; 主句谓语动词用一般现在时, 从句谓语动词可以用各种时态; 主句谓语动词用一般过去时, 从句需用过去的相应时态, 但从句若表示客观真理、规律, 用一般现在时。 He said that he had been to the space station. 他说他到过太空站。,(3)由whether或if引导的宾语从句, 要保持陈述句语序。此外, whether与if在作“是否”讲

15、时, 一般可以换用, 但在下列情况下一般只能用whether, 不用if。 引导的从句作介词宾语时。 Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。,从句中有or或whether or not连用时。 I wonder whether or not he will come. 我想知道他来还是不来。 Tell me whether or not I should invite Nick. 告诉我, 我是否该邀请尼克。 后接动词不定式时。 Can you tell me whether to go or to

16、stay? 你能否告诉我是去还是留?,2. 突破技巧: (1)把握句意, 选取合适的连接词、时态、语序; (2)注意whether与if的互换和区别。,【真题变式】翻译下面句子。 (2012四川高考)Scientists study how human brains work to make computers. _,为了制造电脑, 科学家们研究人的大脑是如何工作的。,热点考向 3 表语从句 1. 考查内容: (1)表语从句常跟在这些系动词后, 如be, look, remain, seem等; Thats just what I want. 那恰好是我想要的。,(2)除常用的连接代词、副词外

17、, as if/though, because, why等也可以引导宾语从句; It looks as if its going to rain. 看上去天要下雨。 (3)引导表语从句的that不能省略; if不能用于引导表语从句。 The reason is that he got up late. 原因是他起床晚了。,2. 突破技巧: (1)理解句意, 把握语境, 扣准连接词在句中的含义; (2)掌握系动词后的表语从句辨析because, that, if, whether。,【真题变式】用适当的连接词填空。 (2011山东高考)I am afraid hes more of a talk

18、er than a doer, which is_he never finishes anything. 恐怕他是一个侃侃而谈而不是一个埋头苦干的人, 这是他一事 无成的原因。,why,热点考向 4 同位语从句 1. 考查内容: (1)同位语从句中的名词。 在复合句中, 同位语从句说明其前面名词的具体内容, 同位语从句通常由that引导(that不能省略)。可用于同位语从句的名词有advice, demand, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, problem, promise, question, requ

19、est, suggestion, truth, wish, word等。,The news that the Shenzhou-spaceship set off successfully is exciting. 神舟十号宇宙飞船成功升空的消息令人激动。 I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回家。 The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到玛丽可能生病了。,(2)同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 在限制性定语从句中, 关系代词that充当主语或宾

20、语, 有实际意义, 作宾语时, 可省略。同位语从句中的that是连词, 不充当句子成分, 没有任何意义, 但不可省略。 The news(that)we heard on the radio was not true. (定语从句) 我们在广播上听到的那个消息不是真的。 The news that our football team won the match was encouraging. (同位语从句) 我们足球队赢得比赛的消息令人振奋。,2. 突破技巧: (1)熟记同位语从句的常用名词; (2)分析句子成分, 防止句式变化; (3)采取“意义法”区别同位语从句与定语从句。,【真题变式】

21、用适当的连接词形式填空。 (2012重庆高考)Evidence has been found through years of study_childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.,that,【命题小试】 请根据以下对话内容命制一道考查名词性从句的题目。He worked hard and seldom went out for Internet. There is no doubt that he has made such rapid progress.,【参考答案】He work

22、ed hard and seldom went out for Internet. There is no doubthe has made such rapid progress. A. whatB. thatC. whichD. whether 【解析】选B。依据句型there is no doubt. . . 可知后面应该由 that连接一个同位语从句, 内容就是doubt的内容, 故答案B合 适。,易错点 1 误判从句类型 (母题)Before the sales start, I make a list ofmy kids will need for the coming seaso

23、n. A. whyB. whatC. howD. which 【解析】选B。考查宾语从句的引导词。句意: 在大甩卖开始前, 我把孩子们在下个季节里需要用到的东西列了一个清单。分析句式结构可知, 空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语, 所以B项结构正确。which引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。,(变式)Before the sales start, I make the list inthere are some goods that my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. whatC. how D.

24、 which 【解析】选D。句意: 在大甩卖开始前, 我列出了一个清单, 里边有孩子们在下个季节里需要用到的东西。此处list为先行词, 介词in提前, 可以还原到定语从句there are some goods中作状语, 此处作介词宾语, 指物用which; 从句that my kids will need for the coming season为定语从句修饰先行词goods。,【误区点拨】判断名词性从句与定语从句的方法: 分析句子结构, 弄清从句类型; 注意“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句, 前面必须出现先行词, 而名词性从句中“介词+从句”则不需要先行词。,易错点 2 被变式或特殊词

25、蒙蔽 (母题)There is much truth in the ideakindness is usually served by frankness. A. why B. whichC. that D. whether 【解析】选C。考查同位语从句。句意: 善良通常伴随于坦率这种想法是很对的。此处想法与kindness is usually served by frankness为互相解释的同位语关系。,(变式)There is much truth in the ideais told by him in a frank way. A. why B. that C. how D. wh

26、ether 【解析】选B。句意: 他坦率地告诉我的那个想法是很对的。此处idea为先行词在定语从句中作主语, 用that引导。,【误区点拨】 分析句子成分, 弄清结构以及名词与后面从句的关系, 着重注意fact, news, belief, order, advice, suggestion等名词。 采取“去掉法”或“调整法”把变化的句式还原成正常句式。,易错点 3 “no matter+疑问词”与“疑问词+ever”使用混淆 (母题)The how-to-book can be of help towants to do the job. A. who B. whomever C. no m

27、atter who D. whoever 【解析】选D。句意: 工作指南对于想做这项工作的人来说是有帮助的。此处从句作介词to的宾语, 连接词在从句中作主语, 根据语境意思为“无论是谁”, 用whoever合适。,(变式)wants to do the job, the how-to-book can be of help to him. A. Who B. Whomever C. No matter whom D. Whoever 【解析】选D。句意: 无论谁想做这项工作, 工作指南对他都是有帮助的。Whoever=No matter who, 但“疑问词+ever”可以用在各类从句中; “

28、no matter +疑问词”仅用于状语从句。,【误区点拨】 注意who表示疑问, whoever在从句中作主语, whomever在从句中充当宾语; 注意“疑问词+ever”与“no matter +疑问词”的辨析。,1. he did has been still a secret to us all till now. A. ThatB. WhatC. WhenD. Where 【解析】选B。考查主语从句。句意: 他所做的一切, 迄今为止对我们来说仍然是个秘密。此处did没有宾语, 故用what引导主语从句, 意思为“所做的”, 答案B合适。,2. (2013四川模拟)is known

29、to us all is that the Diaoyu Tao has belonged to China since ancient times. A. It B. WhatC. As D. That 【解析】选B。考查主语从句。分析句子结构可以看出, 题目中“is known to us all”是句子的主语, 空格处缺少的是从句的连接词, 同时该连接词还在从句中作主语, 因此只能选择what。其余各项均无此功能。,3. Its very clearwe should protect our skin from harmful direct exposure to the sun. A.

30、 which B. 不填 C. what D. that 【解析】选D。考查主语从句。句意: 很显然我们应该保护皮肤避免直接暴露在阳光下而受伤害。分析句式, 此处为形式主语用法, 真正主语为后面的从句, 从句意思完整, 故用连接词that引导, 答案D合适。,4. we will go traveling all over the world hasnt been decided. A. WhenB. Where C. If D. What 【解析】选A。考查主语从句。句意: 什么时候我们要去周游世界还没有决定。由句意可知从句缺少表示时间的连词, 故选A。,5. so many people

31、disappeared suddenly in that area still remains a mystery. A. ThatB. WhatC. WhyD. Where 【解析】选C。考查主语从句。句意: 为什么这么多人在那个区域突然消失仍然是个谜。根据语境“这么多人在那个区域突然消失”推知“为什么消失”, 联系a mystery可知此处连接主语从句的连接副词用why, 故答案C合适。,6. We made it possiblethe task would be finished ahead of time within three weeks. A. whatB. whichC. h

32、ow D. that 【解析】选D。考查宾语从句。从made it possible分析可知此处用形式宾语it代替宾语从句, 而宾语从句是陈述一件事情, 不含有疑问, 故用that。,7. (2013杭州模拟)In modern society, some young people spendmuch money they make. A. whichever B. whatever C. however D. wherever 【解析】选C。考查宾语从句。句意: 现代社会, 一些年轻人无论挣多少钱都花完。根据句意此处为“无论, 不管”用however修饰much符合。,8. (2013福州模

33、拟)I wonderso many people are crazy about Gangnam Style. Its good for bodybuilding, and it brings people a lot of fun, you know. A. how B. whereC. why D. that 【解析】选C。考查宾语从句。句意: 我想知道为什么这么多人对江南Style如此狂热? 你知道它对身体锻炼有好处, 并且也带给人们许多快乐。根据语境是探讨原因, 故用why合适。,9. (2013贵阳模拟)The parents cant explainmakes their chil

34、dren so fascinated with their teachers lessons. A. that what it is B. what it is that C. what is it that D. that what is it 【解析】选B。考查宾语从句。句意: 父母不能解释是什么使得他们的孩子对老师的课如此着迷。根据句意此处为“是什么”的意思, 分析句式为强调句式, 对句子的主语what进行强调并且what置于从句前面, 宾语从句用陈述句, 故答案B合适。,10. (2013重庆模拟)The Browns heldthey called“family day”once a year. A. that B. whatC. whichD. when 【解析】选B。考查宾语从句。句意: 布朗一家每年都会举办一次他们称作的家庭聚会。此处动