新概念英语第二册Lesson91(共57页).ppt

1、L91 Three men in a basket,齐绪友,1.他把身份证丢了，结果上不了火车 2.她被门外的枪声吓得惊慌失措。 3.这种药能帮你预防感冒。,He lost his ID card, as a result, he cant board a train.,She was frightened out of wits by the gunshot outside door.,This medicine will protect you against cold.,Exercise,1.自负 2.滥捕 3.滥建 4.被吓昏了，被吓得惊慌失措 5.失去理智 6.无意中遇到，碰上 7.

2、海底下 深海底 8.某物的供应 9.缺少;不存在 10.结果是,overconfident,overfish,overbuild,be frightened out of their wits,out of ones wits,bump into,under the sea,supply of sth.,absence of,as a result,invent 和discover的用法区别：,invent 意为“发明”， 是发明或创造不曾存在的东西。 而discover 意为“（先与他人）首次发现已经存在的东西。” 例如： e.g:Who discovered the New World?

3、谁发现了新大陆？,Three men in a basket,Where was the stations Commanding Officer?,balloon n. 气球royal adj. 皇家spy v. 侦察track n. 轨迹，踪迹binoculars n. 望远镱,New words and expressions,词汇学习 Word study,royal adj. 王室的；皇家的；盛大的；极好的 王室 a royal family 盛大的欢迎 a royal welcome, royal road to 通向的捷径 练习是学习语言的捷径 Practice is the ro

4、yal road to success when learning a language,spy,spy v. 侦察 n. 间谍；侦探 He was arrested as an industrial spy 作为一个工业间谍，他被捕了 spy on sb. 侦察某人 spy into sth. 侦察某事,spy （1）vi暗中监视；侦察（通常与 on，upon连用）：Someone is spying on the station.有人正在对基地进行侦察。 I noticed some policemen spying on the foreign tourists.我注意到一些警察在暗中监

5、视那些外国游客。,vt发现，看见：He spied a stranger in his garden.他在花园里发现了一位陌生人。 She spied a cloud of smoke in the distance.她发现远处有一团烟。,n间谍，密探：He was once a spy for the police / British government.他曾是警方英国政府的密探。 They have arrested three spies.他们逮捕了3名间谍。,1spy（1）vi暗中监视；侦察（通常与 on，upon连用）： Someone is spying on the stati

6、on.有人正在对基地进行侦察。 I noticed some policemen spying on the foreign tourists.我注意到一些警察在暗中监视那些外国游客。,（2）vt发现，看见： He spied a stranger in his garden.他在花园里发现了一位陌生人。 She spied a cloud of smoke in the distance.她发现远处有一团烟。（3）n间谍，密探： He was once a spy for the police / British government.他曾是警方英国政府的密探。 They have arre

7、sted three spies.他们逮捕了3名间谍。,track,track n.足迹；痕迹；轨道；铁轨 猎人追踪动物的足迹 The hunter followed the animals tracks on the right track 想得对；做得对 on the wrong track 想得不对；做错,spy v. 侦察 vi. 暗中监视；侦察（通常与on，upon连用） 我发现有一些警察在监视外国游客 I noticed some policemen spying on the foreign tourists. vt. 发现，看见 他在他的花园里发现了一个陌生人。 He spie

8、d a stranger in his garden. n. 间谍，密探 他曾经是英国政府的密探。 He was once a spy for the British government.,spy v. 侦察1.名词 n. (1) 间谍;密探CShe liked the adventures of a spy. 她喜欢间谍的冒险。 (2)暗中监视,暗中侦察U2.不及物动词 vi. (1)当间谍;暗中监视;刺探(+on/upon/into)We spied on the man. 我们监视那个人。 3.及物动词 vt. (1)暗中监视;侦察出He sent out a party to spy

9、 the enemy. 他派出一个小分队暗中监视敌人的行动。,(2)察觉,发现We spied a stranger hanging around the corner. 我们发现一位陌生人在拐角处闲荡。 He was the first to spy the triangle fin of a shark coming towards us. 他第一个发现一条鲨鱼的三角形鳍向我们游来。 (3)仔细察看The visitors spied the exhibits at the fair. 参观者细细察看展览会上的陈列品。, track （1） n.（人、动物、车等的） 轨迹，踪迹 猎人跟着熊

10、的足迹。 The hunter followed the bears tracks . （2） n.（人、动物等踏成的） 小径、小道 一条小路穿过了小树林。 A track runs through the woods . （3） n. 路线、航线 the track of the storm 暴风雨的线路 （4） 铁轨、轨道 run off the track 出轨,1、A pilot noticed a balloon which seemed to be making for a Royal Air Force Station nearby.,seem to be doing sth.

11、似乎正在做 （1）to be making for为不定式的进行式，表示正在进行的动作： They seem to be talking about something important. 他们似乎正在谈论某件重要的事情。 She seems to be looking for somebody/something. nearbyprep.在附近adv. 在附近adj. 附近的，,不定式有四种时态形式， 一般式、进行式、完成式。 一、一般式 to do 1. 用作感官动词或 help 的宾语补足语，表示其行为与谓语动词同时发生，如： I saw him go out. 我看到她出去了。 Wo

12、uld you help me to put things in order before we leave. 在我离开前你能帮我整理一下东西吗？ 2. 多数情况下表示其行为发生在谓语动词之后，如： I hope to see you again. (to see 发生在 hope 之后)。 The boy said he wanted to be a singer. (to be 发生在 whanted 之后),二、进行式 to be doing 表示其行为与谓语动词同时发生，如： He seems to be thinking about something 看来他正在考虑事情。 When

13、 he came in, I happened to be lying on the bed. 他进来的时候，我碰巧正好躺在床上。,三、完成式 to have done 表示其行为发生在谓语动词之前，如： I am sorry to have kept you waiting. (to have kept 发生在 am sorry 之前) 对不起，让你久等了。 For a moment I ssemed to have lost consciousness. (to have lost 发生在 seemed 之前) 刹那间我似乎已经失去了知觉。,make for为固定短语，其含义之一为“（匆匆

14、）走向”、“向前进”： While the thief was making for his car, a policeman stopped him. 当小偷匆勿走向他的汽车时，一位警察拦住了他。 After leaving Calais, the ship made for Dover. 离开加来后，那艘船便驶往多佛。,动词 make 的一些固定短语,（1）make out “辨出”、“听出”，“理解”、“弄清”：I cant make out what this picture is about.我看不出这幅画的意思。 Can you make out what the child wa

15、nts?你能弄清那孩子想要什么吗？ Jane is angry again. Sometimes I cant make her out at all. Her moods change quickly.简又生气了。有时候我根本不能理解她。她情绪变化很快。 make out 的另一个含义是“写出”、“填写”（相当于 write out）：He made out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.他写了一张长长的单子，上面列了所有禁吃的食物。 He made out achequeof 1, 000 dollars and gav

16、e it to the secretary.他开出一张1, 000美元的支票并将其给了秘书。,make up “编造”、“捏造”、“虚构”：Every time he playedtruant, Tom would make up an excuse.汤姆每次逃学都编个借口。 Jane made up a story about a child and a monster.简编造了一个有关一个孩子和一个妖怪的故事。 make up “（给）化妆化装”：She always makes herself up / makes up her face before going out.她出门前总要化

17、妆。 Making up takes up a lot of her time.化妆占了她很多时间。 She was made up as a boy.她被化装成一个小男孩。,make up for 的含义是“补偿”、“弥补”： I had to walk faster to make up for lost time.为了补回失去的时间，我不得不加快走路的速度。 She managed to make up for her mistake.她设法补救了她的过错。,1. He _a cheque of 1,000 dollars and gave it to the secretary 2.

18、Can you _what they are talking about? 3. I cant _the bosss handwriting. 4. Jane is angry again. Sometimes I cant _at all. Her moods change quickly. I could not _what he said. Every time he played truant, Tom would _an excuse.,made out,make out,make out,make her out,make out,make up,7. She always _he

19、r face before going out. _takes up a lot of her time. I had to walk faster to _ lost time. She managed to _ her mistake. While the thief _his car, a policeman stopped him.,makes herself up/makes up,Making up,make up for,make up for,was making for,2. He informed the station at once, but no one there

20、was able to explain the mystery.,inform v. 通知，告诉，报告 inform不能接双宾语，比如inform sb. sth这种用法是错误的，正确的表达是inform sb. of sth.例如：She hasnt informed me of her new number.她还没告诉我新的电话号码。 inform sb. that/wh- 告知某人 inform后面的sb.不能省略。比如：The headmaster informed us that the sports meeting will be held next Monday.校长通知大家下周

21、一举行运动会。,be able to和can的区别,a. can/could表示能力；可能（过去时用could），只用于现在式和过去式（could），而be able to可用于各种时态。 b. 只能用be able to的情形位于助动词后；情态动词后；表示过去某时刻的动作时；用于句首表条件；表示成功做成某事只能用was/were able to，不能用could。 c. can表示“能力”时是指现在的能力， 过去或将来的能力通常用was/were able to或will/shall be able to表示。,当它们表示能力的时候，是一样的。如： He can speak two fore

22、ign languages. He is able to speak two foreign languages. 区别： 1. can只有两种时态, 即can 和could, 而be able to 有多种时态, 如was/were able to, will/shall be able to, have/has been able to等: Ill be able to drive the car in a week. Through his diligent work, the deaf-mute has been able to read and write in a sign lan

23、guage. 2表示过去通过努力终于做成了某事要用be able to，而不能用can。如： I was able to swim to the bank after the boat turned over. can 和be able to 都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能力,而且只有两种形式,即:can, couldbe able to 则主要指具体做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be 发生变化，所以形式比can 多可以说：I can swim. I am able to swim. 但是不能说：All the people could escape from the big fire

24、 in time. 只能说：All the people were able to escape from the fire in time. 3can能表猜测，be able to不能。can的这种用法主要用于疑问句和否定句。 Somebody is knocking at the door. Who can it be? It cant be our teacher who is knocking at the door. 4can 可以表 “允许”, 与may可以互换, 此时不能用be able to 代替。如： Can / 5. can 是情态动词，只能用作谓语成分，be able t

25、o是普通动词短语，既可以作谓语，也可以作非谓语。如： How I long to be able to communicate with the foreigners in fluent English! 6. be able to 后边接动词不定式表示一种实际情况时，其否定形式不是be not able to，而是cannot。如： Were you able to catch the first bus yesterday morning? 7. 一般说来, be able to 后边的动词不定式没有被动语态。如: Im sure he is able to correct his mis

26、takes in grammar.,2.The officer in the control tower was very angry when he heard the news,3. because balloons can be a great danger to aircraft.,can be. 这里是指一种可能性， 在表示可能性方面， can可能性比could 大；表示逻辑上或理论上的可能性，而不是某种实际上将要发生或正在发生的可能性。 Accoring to the weather forecast, it could rain this afternoon. fkst预测，预报

27、；预想根据天气预报，今天下午可能会下雨。 Even experts can make mistakes.即使是专家也可能会出差错。,1、can 表示现在的能力，could 表示过去的能力，例如：He can speak a little English now. She could play the piano when she was five. 2、在表示请求许可时，没有时间区别，在语气上could 更加委婉客气，例如： Can I use your pen ? Could I have a look at your book ? 3、在表示可能性方面，没有时间区别，can 可能性比cou

28、ld 大；表示逻辑上或理论上的可能性，而不是某种实际上将要发生或正在发生的可能性。 Can it be true? 这会是真的吗？ Anybody can make mistake.任何人都可能犯错误。 The weather here could be very cold in winter. 冬天这的天气有时很冷。 一般用于否定句和疑问句。 He cant be at home.他不可能在家。 注意和may not 的区别。 He may not be at home. 他可能不在家。 也可以用于肯定句。， An accident can happen if you do this. 如果

29、你这样做，可能会发生事故,dangerdanger既可作不可数名词 表示危险，也可作可数名词表示危险物（或人），威胁。比如：Nowadays, greenhouse effect is a great danger to ecosystem. iksstm生态系统现在，温室效应成为生态系统的一大威胁。 常用短语： in danger of 有的危险 We are in danger of becoming a nation of isolates, aisleit 孤立者 我们正面临着即将成为一个孤立民族的危机， in danger.处在危险中 Your life is in danger.

30、你的生命正处在危险中。 danger area 危险区；危险领域 aircraft 常用作集体名词，也可指一架飞机，所以其复数形式也是aircraft，其含义包括直升机和飞艇等。,4He said that someone might be spying on the station and the pilot was ordered to keep track of the strange object. 他说有可能有人正对基地进行侦察，因此命令那个飞行员跟踪那个奇怪的飞行物。（1）might be doing sth表示对正在进行的动作的推测： He cant be at home.他不可

31、能在家。 He may not be at home. 他可能不在家。,情态动词表推测的三种时态,1.对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。 （1）She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。 （2）She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone. 她一定/可能/也许会在山里一连走好几英里而遇不到一个人。,2.对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词 + be”，“情态动词 +be d

32、oing”或“情态动词 + 动词原形”。 （1）He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now. 他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。 （2）He cant ( couldnt ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time. 这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。 （3）Mr.Bushis on time for everything .How can ( could ) he belatefor the opening ceremony ? 布什先生一向准时，这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢？

33、,3.对过去情况的推测，用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”。 （1）It must / may / might / could have rained last night.The ground is wet. 地湿了，昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。 （2）The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home . 门锁着，他不可能/可能不在家。 （3）Can / Could he have gotten thebook？ 难道他找到书了吗？,注：情态动词 should /ought t

34、o表推测时，意为“想必会，理应”但与“have +过去分词”连用时，则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”。例如： （4）Its seven oclock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment. 现在七点钟了，杰克理应随时到达。（推测） （5）She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. （虚拟） 她本该出席你的生日晚会的，可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈。 （6）Tom shou

35、ld not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. （虚拟） 汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密，可是他并无恶意。,spy on sth. 暗中监视，窥探spy作名词，表示“间谍，侦探，侦察”， 作动词表示“侦探，监视，看到，找出” spy into 侦查He was expelled from the country for spying on their naval bases. 他因刺探该国海军基地的情报而被驱逐出境。 naval nev()ladj. 海军的；军舰的 expellkspel vt. 驱逐；开除；

36、排出,（2）keep track of 为固定短语，表示“追踪”、“保持联系”、“记录”等（其反义词为 lose track of）： Keep track of the man wearing a grey hat. He looks suspicious to me.跟踪那个戴顶灰帽子的人。我觉得他看上去可疑。She managed to keep track of her friends.她设法保持了与朋友们的联系。,object （1） n. 物体、东西 那是什么奇怪的东西在箱子里？ Whats that strange object in the box ？ 我可以看到一个物体在天空

37、中闪耀。 I could see a shining object in the sky . （2）n.对象、目标 感兴趣的內容 an object of interest （3） n. 目的、目标（aim , purpose） 他的人生目标就是富有。 His object in life is to be rich . 你來访的目的是什么？ Whats the object of your visit ？,5.The pilot managed to circle the balloon for some time.,manage to do sth 法做成某事 你找到房子了没有? Did

38、you manage to find the house? Circle （1）v. 绕行、环绕 飞机在机场上空盘旋 The airplane circled the airport . （2） n. 圆（圈） draw a circle 画一個圆圈,6He could make out three men in a basket under it 他看清了气球下面有3个人呆在一只筐里make out是固定短语，它在这里的含义是“（勉强）看出”、“辨认出”、“听出”：In the darkness of night, he could just make out three men comin

39、g toward them.在黑夜中，他只能看出有3个人在向他们走来。Can you make out what they are talking about?你能听清他们在谈什么吗？I cant make out the bosss handwriting.我辨不出老板的字迹。She has grown up and I cant make her out any more .a pair of binoculars 一副双筒望远镜,与make连用的短语,make out 写出，填写（相当于write out） （勉强）看出，辨认出，听出，理解 make up 编造，捏造，虚构 （给）化妆/

40、化装 make up for 补偿，弥补 make for （匆匆）走向，向前进,1. He _a cheque of 1,000 dollars and gave it to the secretary 2. Can you _what they are talking about? 3. I cant _the bosss handwriting. 4. Jane is angry again. Sometimes I cant _at all. Her moods change quickly. I could not _what he said. Every time he playe

41、d truant, Tom would _an excuse.,made out,make out,make out,make her out,make out,make up,7. She always _her face before going out. _takes up a lot of her time. I had to walk faster to _ lost time. She managed to _ her mistake. While the thief _his car, a policeman stopped him.,makes herself up/makes

42、 up,Making up,make up for,make up for,was making for,When the balloon was over the station，the pilot saw one of the men taking photographs.,see sb doing 看見某人正做某事 see sb do看見某人做完某事 take photographs 拍照,6. Soon afterwards, the balloon began to descend and it landed near an airfield.,soon afterwards=sho

43、rtly afterwards 随后，不久以后Soon afterwards the election began, he decided to quit.选举开始后不久，他就决定退出。 descend 降落，缓缓下降descend from sb.（财产，权利）由父传子descend on/upon 突然袭击，突然降临 land既可作名词表示“陆地；国土”，也可作动词表示“着陆；靠岸”,afterwards,4、The police were called in, but they could not arrest anyone, for the basket contained two Members of Parliament and the Commanding Officer of the station! call in :召来 Sam