阅读理解100篇

1、(1)A is for always getting to work on time.B is for being extremely busy.C is for the conscientious (勤勤恳恳的) way you do your job.You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office po

2、litics.Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesnt ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politicsa better job, a raise, praisemany

3、people are still unableor unwillingto “play the game.”“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心计的) behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But politics derives from the word polite. It can mean lobbying and forming associa

4、tions. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.”In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue ones own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form Of Socializing w

5、ithin the office environmentnot just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,” says Neil P Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each o

6、f whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. Its simple human nature.”Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and wh

7、at it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery (奉承), fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.11.“Office politics” (Line

8、2, Para. 4) is used in the passage to refer to _.A) the code of behavior for company staffB) the political views and beliefs of office workersC) the interpersonal relationships within a companyD) the various qualities required for a successful career12.To get promoted, one must not only be competent

9、 but _.A) give his boss a good impressionB) honest and loyal to his companyC) get along well with his colleaguesD) avoid being too outstanding13.Why are many people unwilling to “play the game” (Line 4, Para. 5)?A) They believe that doing so is impractical.B) They feel that such behavior is unprinci

10、pled.C) They are not good at manipulating colleagues.D) They think the effort will get them nowhere.14.The author considers office politics to be _.A) unwelcome at the workplaceB) bad for interpersonal relationshipsC) indispensable to the development of company cultureD) an important factor for pers

11、onal advancement15.It is the authors view that _.A) speaking up for oneself is part of human natureB) self-promotion does not necessarily mean flatteryC) hard work contributes very little to ones promotionD) many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery(2)As soon as it was revealed that a re

12、porter for Progressive magazine had discovered how to make a hydrogen bomb, a group of firearm (火器) fans formed the National Hydrogen Bomb Association, and they are now lobbying against any legislation to stop Americans from owning one.“The Constitution,” said the associations spokesman, “gives ever

13、yone the right to own arms. It doesnt spell out what kind of arms. But since anyone can now make a hydrogen bomb, the public should be able to buy it to protect themselves.”“Dont you think its dangerous to have one in the house, particularly where there are children around?”“The National Hydrogen Bo

14、mb Association hopes to educate people in the safe handling of this type of weapon. We are instructing owners to keep the bomb in a locked cabinet and the fuse (导火索) separately in a drawer.”“Some people consider the hydrogen bomb a very fatal weapon which could kill somebody.”The spokesman said, “Hy

15、drogen bombs dont kill peoplepeople kill people. The bomb is for self-protection and it also has a deterrent effect. If somebody knows you have a nuclear weapon in your house, theyre going to think twice about breaking in.”“But those who want to ban the bomb for American citizens claim that if you h

16、ave one locked in the cabinet, with the fuse in a drawer, you would never be able to assemble it in time to stop an intruder (侵入者).”“Another argument against allowing people to own a bomb is that at the moment it is very expensive to build one. So what your association is backing is a program which

17、would allow the middle and upper classes to acquire a bomb while poor people will be left defenseless with just handguns.”16.According to the passage, some people started a national association so as to _.A) block any legislation to ban the private possession of the bombB) coordinate the mass produc

18、tion of the destructive weaponC) instruct people how to keep the bomb safe at homeD) promote the large-scale sale of this newly invented weapon17.Some people oppose the ownership of H-bombs by individuals on the grounds that _.A) the size of the bomb makes it difficult to keep in a drawerB) most peo

19、ple dont know how to handle the weaponC) peoples lives will be threatened by the weaponD) they may fall into the hands of criminals18.By saying that the bomb also has a deterrent effect the spokesman means that it _.A) will frighten away any possible intrudersB) can show the special status of its ow

20、nersC) will threaten the safety of the owners as wellD) can kill those entering others houses by force19.According to the passage, opponents of the private ownership of H-bombs are very much worried that _.A) the influence of the association is too powerful for the less privileged to overcomeB) poor

21、ly-educated Americans will find it difficult to make use of the weaponC) the wide use of the weapon will push up living expenses tremendouslyD) the cost of the weapon will put citizens on an unequal basis20.From the tone of the passage we know that the author is _.A) doubtful about the necessity of

22、keeping H-bombs at home for safetyB) unhappy with those who vote against the ownership of H-bombsC) not serious about the private ownership of H-bombsD) concerned about the spread of nuclear weapons(3)Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language stu

23、dy realized that signed languages are uniquea speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born With, or whether it is a lear

24、ned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the worlds only liberal arts university for deaf people.When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in

25、signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher.Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a fo

26、rm of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually: have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as “substandard”. Stoko

27、es idea was academic heresy (异端邪说).It is 37 years later. Stokoenow devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf cultureis having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educa

28、tors fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,” Stokoe explains, “is that lang

29、uage is not mouth stuffits brain stuff.”21.The study of sign language is thought to be _.A) a new way to look at the learning of languageB) a challenge to traditional, views on the nature of languageC) an approach: to simplifying the grammatical structure of a languageD) an attempt to clarify misund

30、erstanding about the origin of language22.The, present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by _.A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brainB) a leading specialist in the study of liberal artsC) an English teacher in a university for the deafD) some senior experts in American Sig

31、n Language23.According to Stokoe, sign language is _.A) a Substandard languageB) a genuine languageC) an artificial languageD) an international language24.Most educators objected to Stokoes idea because they thought _.A) sign language was not extensively used even by deaf peopleB) sign language was

32、too artificial to be widely acceptedC) a language should be easy to use and understandD) a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds25.Stokoes argument is based on his belief that _.A) sign language is as efficient as any other languageB) sign language is derived from natural languageC)

33、 language is a system of meaningful codesD) language is a product of the brain(4)It came as something of a surprise when Diana, Princess of Wales, made a trip to Angola in 1997, to support the Red Crosss campaign for a total ban on all anti-personnel landmines. Within hours of arriving in Angola, te

34、levision screens around the World were filled with images of her comforting victims injured in explosions caused by landmines. “I knew the statistics,” she said. “But putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me; like When I met Sandra, a 13-year-old girl who had lost her leg, and

35、people like her.”The Princess concluded, with a simple message: “We must stop landmines”. And she used every opportunity during her visit to repeat this message.But, back in London, her views were not shared by some members of the British government, which refused to support a ban on these weapons.

36、Angry politicians launched an, attack on the Princess in the press. They described her as “very ill-informed” and a “loose cannon (乱放炮的人).”The Princess responded by brushing aside the criticisms: “This is a distraction (干扰) we do not need. All Im trying to do is help.”Opposition parties, the media a

37、nd the Public immediately voiced their support for the Princess. To make matters worse for the government, it soon emerged that the Princesss trip had been approved by the Foreign Office, and that she was in fact very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the British governments polic

38、y regarding landmines. The result was a severe embarrassment for the government.To try and limit the damage, the Foreign Secretary, Malcolm Rifkind, claimed that the Princesss views on landmines were not very different from government policy, and that it was “working towards” a worldwide ban. The De

39、fense Secretary, Michael Portillo, claimed the matter was “a misinterpretation or misunderstanding.”For the Princess, the trip to this war-torn country was an excellent opportunity to use her popularity to show the world how much destruction and suffering landmines can cause. She said that the exper

40、ience had also given her the Chance to get closer to people and their problems.26.Princess Diana paid a visit to Angola in 1997 _.A) to voice her support for a total ban of landminesB) to clarify the British governments stand on landminesC) to investigate the sufferings of landmine victims thereD) t

41、o establish her image as a friend of landmine victims27.What did Diana mean when she said “. putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me” (Line 5, Para. 1)?A) She just couldnt bear to meet the landmine victims face to face.B) The actual situation in Angola made her feel like going

42、 back home.C) Meeting the landmine victims in person made her believe the statistics.D) Seeing the pain of the victims made her realize the seriousness of the situation28.Some members of the British government criticized Diana because _.A) she was ill-informed of the governments policyB) they were a

43、ctually opposed to banning landminesC) she had not consulted the government before the visitD) they believed that she had misinterpreted the situation in Angola29.How did Diana respond to the criticisms?A) She paid no attention to them.B) She made more appearances on TV.C) She met the 13-year-old gi

44、rl as planned.D) She rose to argue with her opponents.30.What did Princess Diana think of her visit to Angola?A) It had caused embarrassment to the British government.B) It had brought her closer to the ordinary people.C) It had greatly promoted her popularity.D) It had affected her relations with t

45、he British government.(5)Directions; The passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.The medic

46、al world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play a significant role in the process of recovery from illness.As part of a nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the galleries and into public places, some of the countrys most talented artists have bee

47、n called in to transform older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildings. Of the 2,500 National Health Service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have significant collections of contemporary art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms.These recent initiatives owe a great d

48、eal to one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970s. He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society, and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience.A typical hospital waiting room might have as many as 500 visito

49、rs each week. What better place to hold regular exhibitions of art? Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out-patients waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975. Believed to be Britains first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by

50、a team of six young art school graduates.The effect is striking. Now in the corridors and waiting rooms the visitor experiences a full view of fresh colors, playful images and restful courtyards.The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from

51、an illness. A study has shown that patients who had a view onto a garden needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at.21. According to the passage, to soften the hard edges of modern buildings meansA. to pull down hospita

52、l buildingsB. to decorate hospitals with art collectionsC. to improve the quality of treatment in hospitalsD. to make the corners of hospital buildings round22. What can we say of Peter Senior?A. He is a pioneer in introducing art into hospitals.B. He is a doctor interested in painting.C. He is an a

53、rtist who has a large collection of paintings.D. He is a faithful follower of hospital art.23. According to Peter Senior, _.A. art is losing its audience in modern societyB. art galleries should be changed into hospitalsC. patients should be encouraged to learn paintingD. art should be encouraged in

54、 British hospitals24. After the improvement of the hospital environment, _.A. patients no longer need drugs in their recoveryB. patients are no longer wholly dependent on expensive drugsC. patients need good-quality drugs in their recoveryD. patients use fewer pain killers in their recovery25. The f

55、act that six young art school graduates joined Peter shows that_.A. Peters enterprise is developing greatlyB. Peter Senior enjoys great popularityC. they are talented hospital artistsD. the role of hospital environment is being recognized(6)Directions: The passage is followed by some questions or un

56、finished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Polyester (聚酯 ) is now being used for bottles. ICI, the chemicals and plastics company, belie

57、ves that it is now beginning to break the grip of glass onthe bottle business and thus take advantage of this huge market.All the plastics manufacturers have been experiencing hard times as their traditional products have been doing badly world-wide for the last few years. Between 1982 and 1984 the Plastics Division of ICI had lost a hundred and twenty million dollars, and they felt that the. most hopeful new market was in packaging, bottles and cans.Since 1982 it has opened three new factories producing Melinar, the raw material from which high quality polyester bottles are made.The polye