海涅与庸人.ppt

1、Heine and the Philistines海涅与庸人,Matthew Arnold,Introduction,Matthew Arnold (12.24.18224.15.1888) A British poet and cultural critic Characterized as a sage writer who chastises and instructs the reader on contemporary social issues.,Heinrich Heine (12.13,17972.17.1856) one of the most significant Ger

2、man poets of the 19th century. He was also a journalist, essayist, and literary critic. He is best known outside Germany for his early lyric poetry. Heines later verse and prose is distinguished by its satirical wit and irony. His radical political views led to many of his works being banned by Germ

3、an authorities. Born in Germany, but a Jew.,Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (8.28.17493.22.1832) German writher, pictorial artist, biologist, theoretical physicist, and polymath. He is considered the supreme genius of modern German literature. In politics Goethe was conservative. At the time of the Frenc

4、h Revolution, he thought the enthusiasm of the students and professors to be a perversion of their energy and remained skeptical of the ability of the masses to govern. Likewise, he did not oppose the War of Liberation waged by the German states against Napoleon, but remained aloof from the patrioti

5、c efforts to unite the various parts of Germany into one nation; he advocated instead the maintenance of small principalities ruled by benevolent despots.,Analysis,Six Paragraphs The Reason of Heines Noteworthy. the most important German successor and continuator of Goethe as a soldier in the war of

6、 libration of humanity . The Awakening of the Modern Spirit. recognize the immense social system they lived in did not correspond with their actual life and try to remove the discordance.,Goethes efforts to remove the discordance Through me the German poets have become aware that, as man must live f

7、rom within outwards, so the aritist must work from within outwards, seeing that, make what conditions he will, he can only bring to light his own individuality. Ican clearly mark where this influence of mine has made itself felt; there arises out of it a kind of poetry of nature, and only in this wa

8、y is it possible to be original. 德国诗人通过我认识到，由于人的生活必须从心灵世界走向外部世界，艺术家的工作也必须从内心感受转向外在表现。看到这一点，不管他怎样曲解，他只会揭示自己的个性。我可以清楚地指出我的这一影响表现在何处；从这影响中，产生出一种天然的诗意，只有这样，它才可能是独创的。,Acknowledge Goethes contributions and point out his limitations, which urged Heine to have an open war with Philistinism. Contributions: l

9、iberator of the Germans in general and of young German poets limitation: very slow process of liberation Open war: a life and death battle with Philistinism.,The Reason to choose the word Philistinism “We have not the expression in English. Perhaps we have not the word because we have so much of the

10、 thing.” “ that even we English shall perhaps one day come to want such a word, I think we had much better take the term Philistine itself.”,Explain What is a Philistine The original definition of Philistine A strong, dogged, unenlightened opponent of the chosen people, of the children of the light. Heines thought of Philistine one who is not in the name of reason, not as a child of light,Conclusion,Emphasis Heines spirit of revolution and development Reveal the meaning of the word Philistine Criticize the condition of the British