语法专题突破(九) 名词性从语.ppt

1、The Talking Clock While proudly showing off his new apartment to friends，a college student led the way into the den. “What is the big brass gong(铜锣)and hammer for？” one of his friends asked. “That is the talking clock，” the man replied. “How does it work？”,“Watch，”the man said and proceeded to give

2、the gong a shattering pound with the hammer.Suddenly，someone screamed from the other side of the wall， “Knock it off，you idiot！Its two oclock in the morning！”,(2010北京高考) _ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. AWhetherBWhat CThat DHow,解析：此题考查名词性从句。句意：被一些人所认为是不利(足)的(东西)，被

3、其他一些人认为是有利(益)的。drawback不利，缺点；plus优点，益处。what引导主语从句，且在从句中充当宾语。,答案： B,1引导主语从句的连接词有：that (不充当句子成分，仅起 引导作用，通常用it 作形式主语，一般不可省略)，whether，who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever, where，when，how，why。 Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference. 我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。,2主语从句中it 作形式主语的几个句型。 (1)Itbe形容

4、词(obvious，natural，surprising， wonderful，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.)that从句 (2)Itbe名词词组(no wonder，a good thing，a pity， no surprise，etc.)that从句 (3)It be过去分词(said，reported，thought， expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.)that从句,(4)Itseems，happens等不及物动词及短语that从句 (5)It doesnt matter(makes no d

5、ifference，etc.)连接代词 或连接副词引导的主语从句 It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 她会考好，这是确定无疑的。 Its no surprise that our team has won the game. 我们队会赢得比赛，没什么惊讶的。 It is decided that the meeting will be put off till next Monday.已决定将会议推迟到下周一。,3注意连接代词whoever，whatever，whichever 等引导主 语从句的含义。 Whatever he li

6、kes will be given to him.(whateveranything that ) 他喜欢的所有东西都会给他。 Whoever did this job must be rewarded.(whoeverany person who) 无论谁做了这项工作一定要得到酬谢。,(2010全国卷)We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. AthatBwhich Cwhat Dwhere,解析：考查名词性从句。题干中We havent discussed yet后为宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，因

7、此空白处应填where，故答案为D。,答案：D,1引导宾语从句的连接词有：that (在宾语从句中常可省 略)；if/whether，who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever，where，when，how，why 等。 2think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine 等动词构成 否定句时，否定词要前移。 I dont suppose he cares，does he ? 我想他不在意，是吗？,3insist，suggest，demand，order，propose后的宾语从 句要用虚拟语气，其结构为：(

8、should)动词原形。 I suggested that he (should) not be taken along. 我建议不带他去。,4whether可构成whether.or not结构；介词后宾语从句用 whether 而不用if；if引导的宾语从句不可与if(如果，假如)引导的条件状语从句相混淆。 I am not sure whether he will come here or not. 我不确定他是否会来这儿。 It depends on whether you can do the work well. 这取决于你能否把工作做好。,5it 作形式宾语 如果宾语从句后跟有补

9、语，通常用it 作形式宾语，将宾语从句放到补语之后。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。 We think it highly probable that he will come tomorrow. 我们认为他极有可能明天来。,6引导宾语从句的that 有时可以省略，但下面几种情况中 不可以： (1) that 从句被短语等与谓语分隔开来时。 They told us once again that this would never happen. 他们再次告诉我们这

10、种事情不会发生。 (2) that 从句紧接在间接宾语之后时。 The teacher advised us that we should pay more attention to reading and writing. 老师建议我们多注意阅读和写作。,(3)有多个that 引导宾语从句时，只有第一个that 可省略。 He said (that) he had finished reading this novel and that he would borrow another one. 他说他已经读完了这本小说，想再借一本。 (4)that 引导的从句与其他引导词引导的从句作并列宾语

11、时。 Everyone could see what was happening and that Tom was really shocked. 每个人都明白所发生的事情，也都知道汤姆很震惊。,(2010江苏高考)I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. Thats _ I dont agree. You should have a more active life. Awhere Bhow Cwhen Dwhat,解析：考查名词性从句。说话人在星期天喜欢一整天把自己关在家中听音乐，答话人对这

12、一点不赞同。答语中“where I dont agree”是表语从句，表示的是抽象概念，where在从句中作地点状语。假如选择D项，agree后需要加上介词。,答案：A,1引导主语从句的词都可以引导表语从句，且用法基本一 样。另外表语从句还可以用because，as if ，as though 引导。 The trouble is that we are short of funds. 困难在于我们缺乏资金。 This is what I am interested in. 这就是我所感兴趣的。,That is why I want you to work there. 那就是我要你在那儿工作

13、的原因。 He has heart disease.That is because he has been smoking too much. 他有心脏病，那是因为他抽烟抽的太多了。 It looked as if it was going to snow. 看来好像就要下雪了。,2主语是reason 时，表语从句常用that，不用because。 The reason why he didnt come was that he was ill. 他没来的原因是他病了。 3引导表语从句时可用whether 而不用if。 The problem is whether the book will

14、be published. 问题是这本书是否会出版。,4主语是advice，suggestion，order 等表建议、要求、命 令等的名词时，表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，即“(should)动词原形”的形式。 My advice is that she (should) not say anything to the press. 我建议她什么也不要对新闻界讲。,(2009四川高考)News came from the school office_ _Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dw

15、here,解析：考查名词性从句。that引导同位语从句用来解释说明名词news的具体内容。同位语从句常置于名词之后，但句中由于谓语部分过短，为平衡句子结构，将从句放在了句末。,答案：C,1同位语从句的连接词 一般由that，whether，what，how 等连接词引导，常位于fact，news，idea，problem，promise 等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。,I have no idea whether the president will come tomorrow. 我不知道总统明天是否会来。 My question how I shall get in touch wi

16、th him has not been answered. 我怎样才能和他取得联系的问题还没有得到答复。 注意同位语从句中连接词一般不省略。,2that 引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别 that 引导同位语从句，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，因此that 引导的同位语从句是完整不缺成分的。 that 引导定语从句时，一方面起引导词的作用，另一方面在句中作主语、宾语或表语。,高考在线 1(2010陕西高考)It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. Awhich Bwhat C

17、that Dif,解析：此题考查主语从句。句意：我真想不到你竟然说服了他，使他改变了主意。It occurred to sb. that.为常用句型，表示“某人想到”，其中it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。,答案：C,2(2010山东高考)Before the sales start，I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. Awhy Bwhat Chow Dwhich,解析：考查宾语从句。句意：在商场大减价销售之前，我列了购物单，列出了下一季孩子们所需的物品。what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。,答案：

18、B,3(2010湖南高考)Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _ she was so angry. Awhere Bwhether Cthat Dwhy,解析：考查名词性从句。根据第一句语境可知，大家不知道的是她生气的原因。故用why引导宾语从句。,答案：D,4(2010全国卷)Have you finished the book? No，Ive read up to _ the children discover the secret cave. Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dwhere,解析：考查宾语从句。答语的意思：“没有，我已经读到了孩子