英语语法教学 ---现在完成时精品复习.ppt

1、现在完成时及其考点,一、现在完成时的结构：,（助动词）have/has+过去分词,二、现在完成时的用法： .“完成法”：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。,标志性词：already、 never、 ever、just、 yet 、before 、 so far等。,.“未完成法”：表示动作或状态从过去已经开始，持续到现在并有可能延续到将来。,时间状语：for一段时间；since过去点时间。,三、现在完成时的各种句式：,.陈述句：主语 have/has+过去分词其他成分。,.否定句：主语have/has+not+过去分词其他成分。,3.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语过去

2、分词其他成分？,4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词have/has其他成分？,5.反意疑问句：借助于助动词have/has来完成反意疑问句。,例如：They have lived that village for ten years, havent they ? Li Lei has never read this book, has he ?,am/is-was-been are-were-been begin-began-begun break-broke-broken do-did-done draw-drew-drawn drink-drank-drunk drive-drove-driven

3、 eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen fly-flew-flown forget-forgot-forgotten,动词的过去分词：规则变化（和过去时一样）不规则变化,give-gave-given go-went-gone grow-grew-grown know-knew-known lie-lay-lain (躺) ride-rode-ridden ring-rang-rung show-showed-shown see-saw-seen sing-sang-sung speak-spoke-spoken take-took-taken come-came-co

4、me run- ran run become-became-become,四、正确运用have/has been to, have/has gone to,和have/has been in 三种结构。,. have/has been to表示“过去曾去过某地”，但现在已经回来了。,. have/has gone to表示“已去了某地”，现在还没有回来。,. have/has been in 表示“已在某地（呆了多久）”，如果是小地方用at代替in。,四、中考考点：,考点一：考查基本概念 例如： Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats hap

5、pened to him . . knew . have known . must know .will know,简析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是。,考点二：考查时间状语 例1. He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?. already .never .ever . still 例2. Have you met Mr Li _？ . just . ago .befo

6、re . a moment ago 例3. The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written,例4.Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ;well . changed ;good . has changed ;better. changed ;better 例5. Zhao Lan _already _in this school

7、for two years . . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are ; studying,例7. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see,例6. We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . know . had known . have known . knew,简析：现在完成时的时间状语常有如下 四类： 现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚

8、 刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前）， yet（仍然）等连用。,现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。,现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。 现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。,考点三：考查与一

9、般过去时的区别 例1.These farmers have been to the United States .Really ? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone 例2. _ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . . Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finished . Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish,B

10、,B,简析：现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago等）连用。 牢记: when 不与现在完成时连用。,考点四：考查非延续性动词的用法 例1. His father _the Party since 1978 . . joined . has joined . was in . has be

11、en in 例2.Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made 例3.How long have you _ here ? About two months . been . gone . come . arrived,D,B,A,例4. Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun . had begun . has been on . began 例5. His u

12、ncle died two years ago .（改变句子，句意不变） His uncle has _ _ _ for two years,C,been dead,例6. Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ . 例7. It _ ten years since he left the army . . is . has . will . was,ago,joined,A,简析：现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段

13、时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下：,borrow keep , buyhave , diebe dead , joinbe in/be a member of , begin/startbe on , go/leave-be away closebe closed , openbe open become be , come/arrivebe here/in,finish/endbe over losebe lost put onwear get upbe up come/get backbe back fall asleep/ go to sl

14、eep be asleep catch a cold have a cold等,考点五：考查词组have/has been in / to与have/has gone to的区别 例1. Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . .has gone . went .will go . has been 例2. My parents _ Shandong for ten years . . have been in . have been to . have gone to .have been,A,A,简析： “have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。 “have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时 间”，现在仍在那里常与表示时间的状语连用。 “have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿