中考--冠词、数词、介词.ppt

1、专题二：冠词，数词An B. the;The C. a ;The 4. _ Blacks are going to the parkthis Sunday .Why dont we go for _ walk ? A.A,a B.The,a C.The,the,A,A,C,B,中考链接,Hell come back in _ hour. A. a B. an C. the 2. She has _ egg and some milk every morning. A. a B. an C. the 3._ elephant is _ useful animal . A An an B An a

2、 C The an 4.His aunt will be back in _ hour . A a B an C the,B,B,B,B,中考链接,（2008年湖北省孝感市）People often go skating in _ winter. A. B. a C. an D. the (2008年广东省汕头市)_ youngest leader in China is_man called Lu Hao AThe；a BA；the CA；a DAn；all,D,A,定冠词的基本用法,歌曰：特指双方都熟悉，上文已经被提及。 世上无二仅独一，序数词和最高级。 山河海岛建筑物，姓氏复数奏乐器。

3、少数形表一类人，方位名词须牢记。 普构专有惯用词，试用此诀有效率。,只能用The,l）世上独一无二的事物名词前。 如：the sun, the sky, the earth, the world, etc. _ sun is bigger than _ moon. A. The, the B. /, / C. The, /,A,只能用The,2)play之后接乐器要加the，其他都不加。 如：play the piano/violin/drums/guitar/erhu 弹钢琴/拉小提琴/敲鼓/弹吉他/拉二胡 play chess/basketball/football. 【中考链接】Tom

4、is playing _ football, and Lily is playing _ piano. A. /, / B. the, / C. /, the,C,只能用The,2）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。 如：The third one is carrying the fewest of all 【2011.宜昌】Li Na is_first Asian who won championship in French Tennis Open. -Were proud of her. A.an B.the C.a D./ 【中考链接】He is _ strongest pupil in ou

5、r class. A. a B. an C. the,B,C,只能用The,3)用在表示方位词前。 如：in the east, on the right, in the centre. 【2011.鸡西】There is_supermarket in_center of our city. A.a,the B.the,a C.the,the D.a,a,C,只能用The,4）用在某些习惯用语中。 如：in the morning, by the way, look the same,只能用the,用在姓氏复数形式之前,表示“某某一家”或“某某夫妇” 如：the Greens, the Bla

6、cks, etc. 用在某些建筑物名词前。 the White House, the Great Hall of the People 用在山脉、江河、海洋、岛等名词前。 如：the Himalaya Mountains, the Yellow River, the Red Sea, the Taiwan Island, etc. 用在少数名词化的形容词前表示一类人或事物。 如：the old, the poor, the blind, etc. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。 如：the Peoples Republic of China, etc.,零冠词的用法,歌曰：下列情况不用冠，名

7、词之前代词限； 专有名词不可数，球类学科与三餐； 复数名词表泛指，节日月份星期前； 颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。,零冠词,1)名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词或不定代词等限定词。 如：The letter is in her bag. I have some questions. 2)专有名词、不可数名词前。 如：China，water，music, etc 3）学科、三餐前。 如：We have English and math every day 4）by+交通工具（take a/an+交通工具） 如：by bike、take a taxi,零冠词,5)节日、星期、月份、季节名称前

8、。 如：June 1 is Childrens Day 6)表示颜色、语言、称呼语和官职、头衔的名词前。 如：Headmaster Li came to Class One just now. 7)某些固定词组或习惯用语中。 如：at night, go to school, by bus, etc.,中考链接,Alice likes to go _ shopping with her friends. A. / B. a C. the 2.【2011.呼和浩特】-How long does it takes us to go to your hometown from here? -It t

9、akes us_hour or more to go to my hometown by_train. A.an,a B.a,an C.an,/ D.a,/,A,C,中考链接,【2012.玉溪样卷】-Lily is coming by_plane. -Lets go to_airport. A.a,a B. /,a C.the,the D./,the 【,D,定冠不定冠 意思差千万,有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词，其意义有所不同 如：1)at table在吃饭； at the table在桌子旁 2)in class在上课； in the class在班级中 3)go to school去上学;

10、go to the school到那所学校 4)go to bed上床睡觉; go to the bed到床那边去 5)in front of在的前面 ; in the front of在的前部,数词-中考说明,基数词 序数词 分数 次数 hundredseven B.fifteenth,seven C.fifteen,seventh D.fifteenth,seventh 【2010.广东】This is Mr. Whites_visit to Beijing.He has been there twice before. A.two B.second C.three D.third,B,D

11、,分数,分数：基数词+序数词 基数词大于1，序数词加S 如：one third 三分之一 two thirds 三分之二,分数,分数后的名词是复数则动词用复数，否则用单数。 【2010.苏州】_of the land in that district_covered with trees and grass. A.Two fifths;is B.Two fifth;are C.Two fifth;is D.Two fifths;are 【2010.重庆】I think_of the materials I listened to at the beginning of the exam_eas

12、y. A.three fourths;is B.third four;are C.three fourths;are D.three fourth;are,A,C,次数,one-once two-twice 三以上的用【基数词+times】 如：three times fifteen times,什么时候用次数,当用How often提问时，要用次数来回答 【2011.四川】-How often do you exercise? -_. A.Two B.twice C.Second D.Twice,D,知识链接,How long How far How soon How often,“多久”，

13、常指时间或物体的长短,“多远”常指距离的远近,“多久以后”指未来的时间,“多久一次”指频率,中考链接,1._TV do you watch every day? -About two hours. 2._do you have an art festival in your school? -Once a year. 3._can we get there? -In five minutes A.How much B.How soon C.How long D.How often,C,D,B,hundredsixty B.ten millions;sixtieth C.millions of;

14、sixtieth D.million of;sixty,D,C,介词-中考说明,时间 地点 方位 固定搭配介词短语,时间介词,in +年/月/季节/早上/下午/晚上 on +日 at +时刻/noon/night during +时间段 “在.期间” for +时间段 “长达.” until +时间点 “直到.” since +时间点 “自从” by +时间点 “到.时候” before+时间点 “在.之前” after+时间点 “在.之后” from.to.+时间点“从.到.”,时间介词-in,考点：in+时间段-将来时间“在.之后” 如： in a minute 一分钟之后 提问用How

15、soon，或是句子中出现将来时就要用in+时间 如：1）Ill back home in ten minutes. 2)How soon will we get there? -In five minutes.,时间介词-in,注意：表示“.之后” in+时间段 after+时间点 【2011.牡丹江】Alice, are you ready?Well go out for a picnic_nine oclock. A. in B.after C.until D.by,C,时间介词-on,只要出现日子就用on 如：on Monday on the morning of March 23 on

16、 Friday evening 【2011.东营】Ben Laden was killed_ May 2, 2011. A.in B.on C.by D.at,B,中考链接,【2012.玉溪样卷】The earthquake in Yushu_14th April ,2010 was a big disaster. A.at B.on C.in D.to 【2011.浙江】A big earthquake hit Japan_the afternoon of March 11th,2011. A.in B.of C.at D.on 【2011.芜湖】Look!There are so many

17、 people in the park. -Nobody likes to stay at home_Sunday morning. A.at B.on C.in D.to,B,D,B,时间介词-until,until常常用在否定句中，not.until表示“直到.才.” 如：1）Last night I didnt go home until mom called me. 类似的还有without。如果句子前出现了否定词，则选without 如：I couldnt pass the exam without your help. Nothing is easy to learn withou

18、t your hard work.,中考链接,【2011.金华】We couldnt finish our work so early _your help. A.without B.with C.for D.by 【2011.泉州】-Lets make a birthday cake for dad -I dont think we can do it_mums help A.with B.without C. under D.by,A,B,时间介词-for/since/by/before,for/since/by常用于完成时中 for+时间段 since/by/before+时间点 【si

19、nce还可以表示“因为，由于”】 如：I have been New Oriental for a week. I have been New Oriental since last week. By the time I got there, the bus had gone. by和before常常用于过去完成时 I didnt have to do homework immediately since tomorrow is Saturday.,中考链接,【2011.鸡西】We have been in China_three years.We like it very much. A.

20、 in B.since C.for D.by 【2012.玉溪样卷】I dont have to introduce him to you_you know him. A.until B.unless C.since D.but 【2012.玉溪模拟】It is almost five years_we saw each other last time. A.before B.since C.after D.when,C,C,B,Its+一段时间+since+过去时态,时间介词-from.to,from.to “从.到.”既可以表示时间，也可以表示地点。 如：The plane is from

21、 Chengdu to Taiwan. My class is from 10:20 to 11:50.,地点介词,1、里面上面 in和 on, over under 上下方, at在某一地点上。 2、 in front of 前,behind 后,in the middle of在中央。 3、 between两者, among仨, around表示在四方。 4、来自 from ,朝向to ,从中穿过用through ,表面跨过用across,沿着-走用along. 5、到上面 onto,进里面into ,在旁边用beside,在附近用 near(by).,中考链接,1）Tom is sitt

22、ing_me. A.from B.beside C.besides D.between 【2011.乐山】-What do you often do_classes to relax? -Listen to music or walk aroud the school. A.over B.through C.between D.from,C,B,知识链接-besidethough B.through;across C.across;across D.though;though 【2011.潍坊】The moonlight goes_the window and makes the room b

23、right. A.across B.through C.over D.in,A,B,方位介词,in是在一个范围内的一个方向 on是相互接壤的方向 to是隔海或者隔着什么的方向，不接壤 off表示“离一些距离或离不远的海上” e.g.1.Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2.North Korea is on the east of China. 3.Japan lies to the east of China. 4.New Zealand lies off the eastern coast of Australia,中考链接,【 2011.济南】Ta

24、iwan is part of China.It is_in the southeast of our country. A.to B.on C.in D.at 【2011.茂名】Taiwan lies_the southeast of China. A.in B.on C.to D.at,C,A,介词-词组辨析,in the tree （表示树上不能生长的东西） on the tree （表示能在树上生长的东西） arrive in+大地点 at+小地点,介词-制造,be made in+地点 by+人 【被动语态中by+人】 of 看得见原料 from 看不见原料 如：1）Actually

25、，iphone is made in China. 2）This T-shirt is made by myself. 3）This cup is made of paper. 4）Bread is made from wheat.,中考链接,【2011.泰安】-Your sweater looks nice,is it made of wool? -Yes,and its made_Shanghai. A.by B.in C.for D.from 【2011.无锡】Books are made_paper while paper is mainly made_wood. A.of;of B.

26、from;from C.of,from D.from,of,C,B,介词-短语辨析,turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn up （音量）调高 turn down （音量）调低 turn over 翻过来,出现,中考链接,【2011.淄博】-Would you mind turning_the music?My father is sleeping. -Sorry.Ill do it right now. A.up B.down C.on D.in 【2011.襄阳】Would you mind turning_the light?Its too dark here. -OK.Wait a minute,please. A.over B.on C.off D.down,B,B,介词-词组辨析,thanks to 由于.;幸亏 thanks for 为.感激 Thanks to your help,I finish my homework. I thanks for your h