知识点——affect及与effect influence等辨析.ppt

1、,知识点 affect及与effect, influence等辨析,affect及与effect, influence等辨析,【知识点解析】,一、affect 的基本用法 1. vt. If something affects a person or thing, it influences them or causes them to change in some way. (某事物) 影响 (某人或物)。例： Nicotine adversely affects the functioning of the heart and arteries. 尼古丁对心脏和动脉功能有负面影响。,aff

2、ect及与effect, influence等辨析,【知识点解析】,More than seven million people have been affected by drought. 七百多万多人受到了干旱的影响。 2. vt. If a disease affects someone, it causes them to become ill. (疾病) 困扰 (某人).例： Arthritis is a crippling disease which affects people all over the world. 关节炎是一种严重影响健康、困扰全人类的疾病。 3. vt. I

3、f something or someone affects you, they make you feel a strong emotion, especially sadness or pity. (某事物或人) 影响 (某人)。例：,affect及与effect, influence等辨析,【知识点解析】,If Jim had been more independent, the divorce would not have affected him as deeply. 如果吉姆曾经更独立一些，离婚就不会对他有这么深的影响了。 4. To make sb. have strong fe

4、elings of sadness, pity, etc. （感情上）深深打动，使悲伤（或怜悯等） They were affected to tears by what he said. 他们被他的话感动地留下了眼泪。 His speech deeply affected the audience. 他的演讲深深地打动了听众。,affect及与effect, influence等辨析,【知识点解析】,二、affect与effect, influence等辨析 这三个词都有“影响”的意思。但三者之间有一些区别。 (1) affect指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”，着重“影响”的动作，它有时只

5、表示“对发生影响”，不含有好坏的意思；有时表示“对发生不良影响”。例如： Smoking affects health. 吸烟影响健康。 Reading in bed has affected his eye-sight. 躺在床上看书，影响了他的视力。 Some plants are quickly affected by cold. 有些植物很快受到寒冷的影响。,affect及与effect, influence等辨析,【知识点解析】,This book effected a change in my opinion. 这本书使我的看法发生了变化。 (2) influence表示“影响”、

6、“感染”，是指思想、行为、性质或发展和成长等发生变化的影响。它可以指坏的影响，也可以指好的影响，这种影响常是潜移默化。例如： This example has great influence upon (on) young people. 这个榜样对青年人有很大影响。 The weather influenced the crops. 天气影响农作物。,affect及与effect, influence等辨析,【知识点解析】,Influenced by a high school biology teacher，he took up the study of medicine.在一位中学生物老

7、师的影响下，他从事了医学研究。 (3) effect作为名词，表示“影响”、“效果”、“结果”。例如： The medicine had no effect on him. 这药对他无效。 Study the cause and effect of the matter. 要研究该问题的因果关系。Modern farming methods can have an adverse effect on the environment.现代农业耕作方法可能对环境造成负面影响。,affect及与effect, influence等辨析,【知识点解析】,effect有时也可以作动词用，意为“执行”。例

8、如： Only the president can effect such a change.只有总统才能影响这样的变化。 但是，effect在大多数情况下都被用作名词，意为“结果”。例如： The drug did not affect the disease, and it had several adverse side effects.这个药不仅不能治病，还有一些副作用。 注意：affect=have an effect on 一个简便的原则就是如果你需要一个动词的话，十之八九选用affect，如果需要一个名词，则通常使用effect.,affect及与effect, influenc

9、e等辨析,【典型例题】,1. Smoking can _ your health, and_, Professor Brown said. A. effort；so can bad eating habits B. influence；so bad eating habits can C. effect；so bad eating habits can D. affect；so can bad eating habits 答案：D,affect及与effect, influence等辨析,【典型例题】,解析：句意为：布朗教授说，“吸烟会影响你的健康，不良的饮食习惯也是如此”。第一个空考查eff

10、ort, influence, effect和affect的区别。effort“努力”；influence用作动词时，意为“影响”，一般是指潜移默化的影响；effect用作动词时，意为“使(某物)产生，促使发生”，用作名词时，常用于have a (n)effect on“对产生影响”；affect“影响”。空二考查倒装so情态动词主语，表示“也一样”。根据题意可知选D项.,affect及与effect, influence等辨析,【典型例题】,2. -Why do you prevent them _ playing computer games? -Because they have a b

11、ad _ on teenagers. A. from, effect B. from, affect C. to, effect D. to, effect 答案：A 解析：句意：你为什么阻止他们玩电脑游戏呢？因为他们对青少年有不良影响。Prevent sb. from doing sth意为“阻止某人做某事”；have effort on sb.意为“对某人有影响”；故选A.,affect及与effect, influence等辨析,【典型例题】,3. -Did the medicine have a good _? -Yes, I could sleep well last night. A. effort B. effect C. affect D. influence 答案：B 解析： effort努力，effect影响，效果，作用，affect动词，影响。influence动词，影响。句意：这个药有效果吗？有，我昨天晚上睡的很好。故选B.,affect及与effect, influence等辨析,【典型例题】,4. Too much smoking and drinking_ him greatly, which meant bad living habits had an_ o