John Donne.ppt

1、John Donne and Metaphysical Poetry,Contents,Introduction of John Donne,Metaphysical Poetry,A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning,约翰多恩，是英国詹姆斯一世时期的玄学派诗人，他的作品包括十四行诗、爱情诗、宗教诗、拉丁译本、隽语、挽歌、歌词等。,John Donne 15721631,English poet 没有一滴泪浪，也没有一声长叹 Twere profanation of our joys 对俗人诉说我们的爱情 To tell the laity our love.

2、是对我们欢迎的亵渎,Tenor (本体)：their separation. Vehicle(喻体)：virtuous men pass away mildly, a mans soul from his body. “Parting” to “death” is a common comparison in literary works. Here, “virtuous” refers to not in moralities, but those people who can meet their death without complaints, saying it is time fo

3、r their souls to move on to eternity.,首先，诗人用“正如” (as)引入一个明喻，把自己与爱人的告别时刻比作“君子”(virtuous man)的弥留之际：平和而宁静，没有丝毫娇柔作态的感伤和凄怨。 诗人营造的氛围是 ：尽管两人的肉体即将分离，感官的欢愉也因此而必须暂时抑制，但是两人的灵魂已经超越了各自的肉体不可分开地融合在了一起(So let US melt)。也就是说，他们之间圣洁的爱情将在这一考验面前进一步升华，超越那些以眼泪(tearfloods)和叹息(sigh-tempests)来衡量的凡夫俗子(1aity)之爱。,Moving of thea

4、rth brings harms and fears, 地动会给我们带来伤害与恐惧 Men reckon what it did and meant; 人们总是在猜想它要干什么，准备怎样 But trepidation of the spheres, 但是其他天体的震动 Though greater far, is innocent. 尽管厉害得多，也不会有带来任何伤害 Dull sublunary lovers love 俗世男女的爱情 （Whose soul is sense） cannot admit 最忌讳的来源 Absence, because it doth remove 是离别，

5、因为它取消了 Those things which elemented it. 构成爱情的元素,Moving of the earth the dull sublunary love sensual and physical bond Trepidation of the spheres the speakers love spiritual attachment 诗人在这一节里引入了两个新异的意象：地震(Moving of thearth )和地动(trepidation of the spheres )。 地震是地球表层部分的突然震动和断裂，往往比较强烈，造成破坏。而世俗的爱情也是如此：当

6、世俗恋人(Dull sublunary lovers )分别时，他们痛苦不堪，宛若天崩地裂，而且因为他们的爱情是以感官的快感为基础的他们的分别往往意味着一场灾难性的情变( Absence doth removeThose things which elemented it )。 地动则截然相反，它是地球深层部分的运动，虽然比地震剧烈。但对地面上的万物生灵却毫无影响，恰似一对真爱情侣之间的短暂别离，虽然令人痛苦却对双方感情无碍(innocent )。,But we， by a love so much refined 我们却被爱情提炼得无比纯净That our selves know not w

7、hat it is， 但是我们的心灵却得到了彼此的保证 Inter-assured of the mind， 再也不担心 Care less, eyes, lips, and hands to miss. 吻不到你的眼睛，你的唇还有你的手 Our two souls therefore, which are one， 彼此的灵魂从此融为一体 Though I must go, endure not yet 虽然我要走，但未造成 A breach, but an expansion. 我们感情的破裂，而只是让它向外延展 Like gold to airy thinness beat. 延展成一张

8、薄薄的金箔,Our love is so refined, so otherworldly, that it can still survive without the closeness of eyes, lips, and hands. Our souls are one, like a gold beaten to airy thinness. Gold - when it is beaten with a hammer, widens and lengthens; when we depart, the spiritual bond that unites usactually exp

9、ands rather than causes a break and rift.,If they be two， they are two so 如果两人无法融合，就让我们变成这样 As stiff twin compasses are two: 让我们如圆规的两脚 Thy soul, the fixed foot, makes no show 你的灵魂是定脚，永远不会 To move, but doth, if the other do. 移动，除非另一个脚也开始移动 And though it in the center sit， 虽然它一直坚守中心 Yet when the other

10、 far doth roam， 可是当另一方流浪天涯时 It leans, and hearkens after it， 它就开始侧身追寻着它 And grows erect, as that comes home. 当另一方归家时，它就马上挺立,Our souls are two, like the feet of twin compasses. The wifes soul the fixed foot The husbands soul the outer foot Wifes attachment to husband ：The fixed foot (wifes soul) make

11、s no show to move, but does if the outer foot (husbands soul) moves. When the outer foot (husbands soul) travels far, the fixed foot (wifes soul) should follow it and grows straight until the outer foot (husbands soul) comes back. Husbands attachment to wife：Your position there helps me complete my

12、circle so that I end up where I began. The image of a circle (perfection),诗人创造出一个别出心裁的比喻制图用的圆规。这一堪称经典的玄学派妙喻是全诗的精华所在，也是最终理解诗人约翰邓恩的情爱观的关键因素。可以毫不夸张地说，要想完全理解和欣赏这首爱情诗，就必须首先透彻理解这个经典的玄学派妙喻。 这圆规的两只脚可以被看作是恋爱中的两个情侣：女方是那只固定于一点的脚，而男方便是那只转动的脚，两人的爱情则恰好如同这副圆规的顶部，它紧紧地维系着双方的联系，并在双方的一次次分离中显示着自己的力量。 另一方面，它还展示出了情爱本身的更高层次：爱情中双方的相互依赖。用圆规画好一个完美无缺的同心圆的过程无疑就是圆规的两只脚自始至终密切合作的过程。没有两只脚的共同参与和协调运作，一个圆规怎能画出一个完美无缺的圆。诗人充分肯定了女性在爱情中的地位和作用，坦承自己的成就来自对方的支持和帮助。 可以说，“圆规”之比不愧为玄学派诗歌的经典妙喻，它形象、透彻地阐明了邓恩原本抽象的爱情观。并进而强化了全诗的主题：情侣之间肉体上的暂时别离并非坏事；只要处理得当两人的爱情必将获得理性的升华。,Such wilt thou b