新编大学英语浙大版第三册Unit2.ppt

1、Book Three,Unit Two,Myths and Legends,Unit Two,Task 1: Who Are They? Task 2: Fables Task 3: Bedtime Stories,Myths and Legends,Do you have any favorite myths and legends?,Myths and Legends,Myth is not something fictional or illusory but something of exceptional significance and value. Anne Baring,Tas

2、k 1,Task 1,Who are they?,Task 1,Click the picture to get the answer,Who are they?,Task 2,Fables Aesops Quotations,Better be wise by the misfortunes of others than by your own. The gods help those who help themselves. It is thrifty to prepare today for the wants of tomorrow Aesop,Task 2,Aesops Fables

3、,A fable is a short story devised to convey some useful lesson, an apologue（道德故事）. A distinctive feature of the fable is that it contains a moral truth. Aesop, a Greek slave, left the world the most valuable, the famous Aesops Fables . The following story is one of his fables. Listen and find out th

4、e moral.,Task 2,Aesops Fables,Directions: Listen to the fable and find out the moral.,Task 2,The goose with the golden eggs,One morning a countryman went to his gooses nest, and saw a yellow and glittering egg there. He took the egg home. To his delight, he found that it was an egg of pure gold. Eve

5、ry morning the same thing occurred, and he soon became rich by selling his eggs. The countryman became more and more greedy. He wanted to get all the gold at once, so he killed the goose, when he looked inside, he found nothing in its body. Moral: If one is too greedy, he would get nothing in return

6、.,Script,Task 2,Chinese Fables,China is a country rich in fables such as “Qi Ren You Tian”(The Worrier of Qi) and “Hua She Tian Zu” (The “Finishing” Touch). Watch a silent video of a popular Chinese fable and produce an aside for it.,Task 2,Chinese Fables,Task 2,His Spear Against His Shield,In the s

7、tate of Chu there was a man who had a spear and a shield for sale. He was loud in praises of his shield. “My shield is so strong that nothing can pierce it through.” He also sang praises of his spear. “My spear is so strong that it can pierce through anything.” “What would happen,” he was asked, “if

8、 your spear is used to pierce your shield?” He was unable to give an answer. Moral: It is impossible for an impenetrable shield to coexist with a spear that finds nothing impenetrable.,Model,Task 3,Bedtime Stories,Myths and fairy-tales come to us from the dimension of the soul. They speak the langua

9、ge of the soul, reflect the imagery of the soul. They are stories the soul tells us about its own secret life. Anne Baring,The tales we loved as children often contain clues about the needs we had at that time. We might not have been in touch with our needs on a conscious level, but they were there

10、nonetheless. Laura Bryannan,Task 3,Whatever the explanation, stories that have been told and cherished for countless generations are bound to be good. “Cinderella”, “Snow White”, “the Monkey King”may accompany us every night and make our childhood memory more precious. Of all the bedtime stories, I

11、would like you to enjoy the most romantic one “Beauty and the Beast”,Bedtime Stories,Task 3,Beauty and the Beast,Click to stop and click again to continue,Task 3,In-Class ReadingWhy the Tortoises Shell Is Not Smooth,Work in groups to answer the following questions.,The birds knew that tortoise was c

12、unning and ungrateful. They thought he would begin his mischief so they refused to take him to the feast.,What did the birds think of the Tortoise?,Sample,What message did the Tortoise want the Parrot to take for his wife?,Sample,He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out all the soft things in h

13、is house and cover the ground with them so that he would be able to land safely. But Parrot told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp things instead.,Why is the shell of the tortoise not smooth according to the story? Give a brief explanation.,Sample,When all the birds took back the feather

14、they had lent to Tortoise, he had no wings to fly home. Then when he fell, his shell was broken into hundreds of pieces, for he crashed onto those hard and sharp things the Parrot asked his wife to bring out. We know the Parrot lied because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to get revenge.,W

15、hy the Tortoises Shell Is Not Smooth by Chinua Achebe,1 The distant sound of low voices, broken now and again by singing1, reached Okonkwo from his wives huts as each woman and her children told folk stories. Ekwefi and her daughter, Ezinma, sat on a mat on the floor. It was Ekwefis turn to tell a s

16、tory. Suddenly the murmuring stopped and all eyes turned to their favorite and most skillful storyteller. 2 “Once upon a time,” she began, “all the birds were invited to a feast in the sky. They were very happy and began to prepare themselves for the great day. They painted their bodies deep red and

17、 drew beautiful patterns on them with dye. 3 “Tortoise saw all these preparations and soon discovered what it all meant. Nothing that happened in the world of the animals ever escaped his notice; he was full of cunning. As soon as he heard of the great feast in the sky his throat began to itch at th

18、e very thought. There was a famine in those days and Tortoise had not eaten a good meal for two moons2. His body rattled like a dry stick in his empty shell. Slowly but surely he began to plan how he would go to the sky.”,4 “But he had no wings,” said Ezinma. 5 “Be patient,” replied her mother. “Tha

19、t is the story.3 Tortoise had no wings, but he went to the birds and asked to be allowed to go with them. 6 “ We know you too well, said the birds when they had heard him. You are full of cunning and you are ungrateful. If we allow you to come with us you will soon begin your mischief. We know you o

20、f old4. 7 “ You do not know me, said Tortoise. I am a changed man. I am not the mischievous man you once knew. On the contrary, I am thoughtful and well-meaning5. I have learned that a man who makes trouble for others is also making trouble for himself. Rest assured, I promise I will not cause you a

21、ny trouble. 8 “Tortoise had a sweet tongue, and within a short time all the birds agreed that he was a changed man, and they all gave him a feather, with which he made two splendidly colorful wings.,9 “At last the great day came and Tortoise was the first to arrive at the meeting place. When all the

22、 birds had gathered together, they all set off together. Tortoise was very happy as he flew among the birds, and he was soon chosen as the man to speak for the party because he was a great orator. 10 “There is one important thing which we must not forget, he said as they flew on their way. When peop

23、le are invited to a great feast like this, they take new names for the occasion. Our hosts in the sky will expect us to honor this age-old custom. 11 “None of the birds had heard of this custom but they knew that Tortoise, in spite of his failings in other areas, was a widely traveled man who knew t

24、he customs of different peoples. And so they each took a new name. When they had all taken a new name, Tortoise also took one. He was to be called All of You.,12 “At last the party arrived in the sky and their hosts were very happy to see them. Tortoise stood up in his many-colored plumage and thank

25、ed them for their invitation. His speech was so eloquent that all the birds were glad they had brought him, and nodded their heads in approval of all he said. Their hosts took him as the king of the birds, especially as he looked somewhat different from the others. 13 “After a selection of nuts6 had

26、 been presented and eaten, the people of the sky set before their guests the most delectable dishes Tortoise had ever seen or dreamed of. The soup was brought out hot from the fire and in the very pot in which it had been cooked. It was full of meat and fish. Tortoise began to sniff aloud. There was

27、 pounded yam and also yam soup cooked with palm oil and fresh fish. There were also pots of palm wine. When everything had been set before the guests, one of the people of the sky came forward and tasted a little from each pot. He then invited the birds to eat. But Tortoise jumped to his feet and as

28、ked: For whom have you prepared this feast? 14 “ For all of you, replied the man.,15 “Tortoise turned to the birds and said: You remember that my name is All of you. The custom here is to serve the spokesman first and the others later. They will serve you when I have eaten. 16 “He began to eat and t

29、he birds grumbled angrily among themselves. The people of the sky thought it must be their custom to leave all the food for their king. And so Tortoise ate the best part of the food and then drank two pots of palm wine, so that he was full of food and drink and his body grew fat enough to fill out h

30、is shell. 17 “The birds gathered round to eat what was left and to peck at the bones he had thrown on the floor. Some of them were too angry to eat. They chose to fly home on an empty stomach7. But before they left each took back the feather he had lent to Tortoise. And there he stood in his hard sh

31、ell full of food and wine but without any wings to fly home.8 He asked the birds to take a message for his wife, but they all refused. In the end Parrot, who had felt more angry than the others, suddenly changed his mind and agreed to take the message.,18 “ Tell my wife, said Tortoise, to bring out

32、all the soft things in my house and cover the ground with them so that I can jump down from the sky without hurting myself. 19 “Parrot promised faithfully to deliver the message, and then flew away smiling to himself. However when he reached Tortoises house he told his wife to bring out all the hard

33、 and sharp things in the house. And so Tortoises wife dutifully brought out her husbands hoes, knives, spears, guns, and even his cannon. Tortoise looked down from the sky and saw his wife bringing things out, but it was too far to see what they were. When all seemed ready he let himself go9. He fel

34、l and fell and fell until he began to fear that he would never stop falling. And then like the sound of his cannon he crashed to the ground.” 20 “Did he die?” asked Ezinma. 21 “No,” replied Ekwefi. “His shell broke into hundreds of pieces. But there was a great medicine man10 in the neighborhood. To

35、rtoises wife sent for him and he gathered all the bits of shell and stuck them together. That is why the Tortoises shell is not smooth.”,Ekwefi, the favorite and most skillful storyteller, told folk stories.,Introduction (Para. 1),All the birds were invited to a feast in the sky. (Para. 2),B. Tortoi

36、se planned how he would go to the sky with all the birds. (Para. 3),Why the tortoises shell is not smooth (Para. 2-21),C. Tortoise made all the birds agree that he was a changed man, and they all gave him a feather, with which he made two splendidly colorful wings. (Para. 4-8),D. Tortoises selfish w

37、ords and deeds at the feast in the sky. (Para. 9-16),E. The birds revenge and Tortoises result. (Para. 17-21),Why the tortoises shell is not smooth (Para. 2-21),本句采用了明喻的修辞手法，非常形象地说明了乌龟饥饿的程度。like是介词，表示“像一样”，是这个比喻句的比喻词，his body 是本体，a dry stick是喻体。明喻（simile）就是两个不同类对象之间的相似点进行比喻。明喻中常用like做比喻词，此外还有as, as

38、if, as though, as as, similar to等等。,译 文,His body rattled like a dry stick in his empty shell. (Line 13),她的幸福像晨露一样消失了。,美者犹如夏日蔬果，易腐难存。,Her happiness vanished like the morning dew.,Beauty is as summer fruits, which are easy to corrupt and cannot last.,Example,雨倾盆而下，犹如天上的水闸打开了，而且电光闪闪，极其可怕。,It rained as

39、if the flood-gates of Heaven were opened, and it lighted awfully.,His body rattled like a dry stick in his empty shell. (Line 13),他的身体就像一段枯柴棍在空荡荡的躯壳里咔咔作响。,Back,slowly but surely: carefully in order to avoid problems 稳扎稳打地 surely: in a sure way 稳当地，踏实地，有把握 副词连用作方式状语，使句意鲜明、思想突出。此处说明乌龟富于心计。这类短语常位于句首，也可

40、放在句末。,译 文,Slowly but surely he began to plan how he would go to the sky. (Line 14),那艘巨轮缓慢而平稳地下水了。,这位小提琴手把难度大的乐段演奏得很有技巧，也很有把握。,Slowly but surely the great ship glided into the water.,The violinist played the difficult passage skillfully and surely.,Example,于是他稳扎稳打地开始计划如何能到天上去。,Slowly but surely he be

41、gan to plan how he would go to the sky. (Line 14),Back,choose to do something 表示“选定，决定做某事”, 后面接不定式。,译 文,They chose to fly home on an empty stomach. (Line 67),Example,他们决定不理她的警告。,They choose to ignore her warning.,如果有事业机会, 几乎没有妇女会愿意呆在家里。,Few women, offered the chance of such a career, would choose to

42、 stay at home.,我决定继续我音乐教师的生涯。,I chose to continue with my career as a music teacher.,他们宁可空着肚子飞回去。,They chose to fly home on an empty stomach. (Line 67),Back,And there he stood in his hard shell full of food and wine but without any wings to fly home. (Line 69),全句的主要结构是he stood there, there一词置前倒装。ful

43、l of food and wine 和 without any wings to fly home 两个短语作方式状语，说明乌龟现在酒足饭饱，但是却没有翅膀回家的窘迫状况。,译 文,And there he stood in his hard shell full of food and wine but without any wings to fly home. (Line 69),乌龟站在那儿，身上只剩了一个硬壳，里面满是佳肴美酒，却没了可飞回家的翅膀。,Back,feast (Line 6, Para. 2),n. 1) a large meal, especially one fo

44、r a special occasion 盛宴 2) a day kept in memory of a religious event（宗教的）节日,v. + on eat and drink a lot on a special occasion 尽情地吃喝，饱餐,圣诞节是基督教的一个重要节日。,为了向来访的总统表示敬意，厨师长准备了盛宴。,The chef _ in honor of the presidents visit.,Christmas is _ for Christians.,Translation,他饱览了落日美景。,He _ on the beautiful sight

45、of sunset.,请完成下面的句子。,an important feast,prepared a feast,feasted his eyes,Back,那个忘恩负义的孩子将我的礼物扔到地板上。,我不想让人觉得我不领情，但我真的不需要任何帮助。,I dont mean to sound ungrateful, but I really dont need any help.,The ungrateful child threw my gift on the floor.,ungrateful (adj.) (Line 19, Para. 6) not expressing thanks f

46、or something that someone has given to you or done for you 忘恩负义的；不领情的,Translation,Back,mischief (n.) (Line 20, Para. 6) playful misbehavior or trouble- making, especially in children 顽皮；捣蛋；恶作剧,mischievous (adj.) 调皮的；恶作剧的,告诉孩子们别胡闹。,他需要一个爱好来使自己忙起来并且停止搞恶作剧。,He needs a hobby to keep him busy and stop hi

47、m from getting into mischief.,Tell the children to keep out of mischief.,Translation,Back,你可以放心，我们一定尽力而为。,请放心，一切都正常。,Rest assured that everything is under control.,You can rest assured that we will do all we can.,Translation,rest assured (Line 24, Para. 7) not to worry or be certain 请放心；请确信(无疑) （常用于

48、祈使句）,make sure that 确信，(自我)感到确信无疑,近义短语辨析,I make sure that he would be here.,Rest assured that he would be here.,放心吧，他会来这里的。,我确信他会来这里。,Back,eloquent (adj.) (Line 46, Para. 12) fluent or persuasive in speaking or writing 雄辩的，有说服力的； 清楚表明的,苏珊在她的毕业课上做了动人的演讲。,Her enthusiasm made her quite eloquent.,她的热情使她

49、讲起话来很是流利。,Susan gave an eloquent speech to her graduating class.,Translation,反义词：tongue-tied,Back,Our teacher gave her approval to our plans for a graduation party.,We wont start building without the mayors approval.,没有市长的批准，我们不会动工。,老师同意了我们举办毕业聚会的计划。,Translation,approval (Line 47, Para. 12) 赞成，同意；批准

50、，认可,We will have to submit this plan for approval by the managing director.,我们得将此计划提交总经理批准。,Back,他不是果敢地去面对困难，而是抱怨自己运气不佳。,火车轰隆一声起动了。,The train _ motion.,He _ instead of resolutely facing his difficulties.,Translation,grumble (v.) (Line 62, Para. 16) 1) (+ about/at/over) speak with a low, indistinct,

51、and possibly complaining voice 咕哝，嘟囔，发牢骚 近义词：complain，mutter 2) rumble 发轰轰声,请完成下面的句子。,grumbles at his luck,grumbled into,Back,faithfully (adv.) (Line 76, Para. 19) faithful (adj.),1) full of or showing loyalty 忠实的，忠诚的，可信赖的,2) true to the facts or to an original 如实的，准确可靠的,3) (+ to) loyal to ones (mar

52、riage) partner by having no sexual relationship with anyone else 忠贞的，贞洁的,请明确下面各句中 faithful 的含义并翻译句子。,Exercise,He is faithful in word and deed.,He will be faithful to you if you marry him.,假如你与他结婚，他会对你忠诚的。,他言行忠实。,Do you think the film adaptation was faithful to the book?,你认为这部改编的电影剧本忠实于原著吗？,忠实的,忠贞的,如

53、实的,faithful, loyal, constant,近义词辨析,faithful 指“一贯忠于誓言、责任和义务等”,loyal 指 “坚定不移地忠于某人、事业或国 家等”，而且含有“愿为其不顾艰苦而 奋斗到底”的意味,constant 表示“坚定的”、“坚贞的”、“经 久不变的”，强调 “忠诚的稳定性”,请选择 faithful, loyal, constant 的适当形式填空。,Exercise,他们对友谊忠贞不渝。 They are _ in friendship.,我们必须忠于祖国。 We must be _ to our motherland.,loyal,constant,他信

54、守诺言。 He is _ to his promise.,faithful,Back,take something (to someone or some place) 送递,2) (for a woman) give birth to a baby 生产,3) give a speech; read something out loud 演讲,deliver (v.) (Line 76, Para. 19),我们公司会送货上门。,安娜生了一对健康的双胞胎。,Anna delivered a healthy set of twins.,Our company will deliver your

55、 order to your door.,Translation,她做了一场关于社会哲学的演讲。,She delivered a talk on philosophy to the society.,Back,dutifully (adv.) (Line 78, Para. 19) obediently 恭顺地；尽职尽责地,人们恭敬地排队等候投票。,作为明星，他经常毫无怨言地、尽职尽责地亲笔 签名。,As a famous star, he always dutifully signs autographs without complaint.,The people stood dutiful

56、ly in line waiting to vote.,Translation,Back,Nothing ever escapes his notice.,His throat began to itch at the very thought of the great feast in the sky.,He was full of cunning.,任何事都逃不过他的眼睛。,一想到天上的盛宴，他不禁垂涎三尺。,他狡黠无比，诡计多端。,We know you of old.,我们老早就把你看透了。/ 我了解你可不是一天两天了。,She has a sweet tongue.,the age-

57、old custom,她巧舌如簧。 / 她能说会道。,古老的习俗,a widely traveled man,一个游历甚广的人,to go home on an empty stomach,饿着肚子回家,如何处理英语否定句 完全否定 不完全否定 双重否定 否定转移 意义否定,如何处理英语否定句 英语否定句的复杂性主要体现在英语否定词的多样性和否定词位置以及相互搭配的灵活性上。因此，译者可以将英语否定句划分为五个类型分类处理，即:,完全否定,不完全否定,双重否定,否定转移,意义否定,I dont know what course others may take, but, as for me,

58、give me freedom or give me death!,我不管别人采取什么途径，对我而言，不自由，吾宁死。,完全否定一般只用一个否定词对意义的表达进行全面或完全否定，这类否定词标志明显，较容易掌握，比如：not, no, never, nobody, no one, nothing, neither nor 等。,I know you want a bigger house, but thats neither here nor there, we cant afford it now.,Ill have none of your stupid ideas!,我才不接受你那愚蠢的意

59、见！,我知道你想要一幢大一点的房子,但你说了也没有用, 因为我们现在买不起。,The good and the beautiful do not always go together.,善同美并非始终相连。,英语否定词与all, both, every, always等词连用时，就构成意义部分否定，即不完全否定。译者需要谨慎处理汉语的表达形式，以免造成歧义。,In this opinion both parties may be right, but they cannot both be wrong.,Every one cannot make music.,并非人人都懂音乐。,据此看来，双方都可能对，但不可能双方都错。,There is no grammatical rule that has not exceptions.,没有一条语法规则没有例外（每条语法规则都有例外）。,双重否定句既