高考英语大一轮复习 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars课件 新人教版必修3

1、必修三,第一部分,unit 4astronomy：the science of the stars,主 干 知 识,.单词分类巧记 a阅读词汇认一认 1fundamental adj._ 2religion n_ 3dissolve vt.& vi._ 4acid n_ 5multiply vi.& vt._ 6gravity n_ 7extinct adj._ 8exhaust vt._,基本的；基础的 宗教；宗教信仰 溶解；解散 酸 乘；增加 万有引力；重力 灭绝的；绝种的 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽,b高频词汇写一写 1_ n大气层；气氛 2_ adj.太阳的；日光的 3_ adv.因此；于

2、是 4_ adj.温和的；文雅的 5_ n气候 6_ vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落 7_ n& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力 8_ vi.& vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n漂浮物 9_ n系统；体系；制度 10_ n学说；理论,atmosphere solar thus gentle climate crash pull float system theory,c核心词汇链一链 1_ globen球体；地球仪；地球_ globaladj.全球性的；全世界的 2_ violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的_ violencen暴力_ violentlyadv.暴力地；猛烈地 3_ unlikep

3、rep.不同；不像_ likevt.喜欢prep.像_ dislikevt.不喜欢；讨厌_ likelyadj.可能的,4_ harmfuladj.有害的_ harmn& vt.伤害_ harmlessadj.无害的 5_ existvi.存在；生存_ existencen存在；生存 6_ puzzlevt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n谜；难题_ puzzledadj.感到困惑的_ puzzlingadj.令人困惑的,d写作词汇用一用 1this object gives off_ harmfulgases.they may do_ harmto our health.you must

4、make the object_ harmlessbefore you use it.(harm) 2air_ existseverywhere and its_ existencemakes it possible for us to live on.(exist) 3in my opinion, a_ globaltour means traveling all around the_ globe.(globe) 4larry was in_ violentpain.as a result, he behaved_ violentlyand treated everything with_

5、 violence.(violent) 5_ likehis brother john, jim is also fond of music.but_ unlikejohn, jim_ dislikesphysics at all.(like),. 短语语境速记 a常考短语默写 1_及时；终于 2._下蛋 3_产生；分娩 4._轮到某人；接着 5_阻止；制止,in time lay eggs give birth to in ones turn prevent.from,6._挡住(光线) 7_感到高兴；感到振奋 8_既然 9_突发；爆发 10_密切注意；当心；提防,block out che

6、er up now that break out watch out for,b短语语境填空 1once he has made up his mind, no one can_ him_ carrying out the plan. 2you must get there_ even if the weather should change. 3_ the problem has been identified, appropriate action can be taken. 4i do hope she can_ and accept the challenge of life brav

7、ely!,prevent,from,in time,now that,cheer up,5before the war_ ， many people put away possessions they could not take with them in safe places. 6mum, you had me do the cleaning yesterday, so today tom，_ ， should do the washing! 7the other day my pet cat_ a new little cat. 8to ensure good sleep, she bo

8、ught a heavy curtain to _ the light.,broke out,in his turn,gave birth to,block out,.词语高效积累 1与“太空”有关的高频单词集锦 astronomy n天文学astronomer n天文学家 astronaut n宇航员gravity n万有引力 satellite n卫星planet n行星 orbit n轨道spaceship n宇宙飞船 universe n宇宙launch vt.发射 explore vt.探索；勘探solar adj.太阳的 shuttle n航天飞机globe n地球；球体,2表示“

9、性格良好”的形容词荟萃 gentle温和的easygoing随和的 outgoing外向的frank直率的 generous慷慨的upright正直的,3un前缀高频形容词全接触 likeunlike不像的 ableunable不能的 acceptableunacceptable不能接受的 believableunbelievable不可相信的 certainuncertain不确定的 clearunclear不清楚的 comfortableuncomfortable不舒服的 fairunfair不公平的,4birth用法小结 give birth to生，引起，产生at birth在出生时

10、by birth在血统上from birth出生以来 5“小心；当心”高频短语 be careful小心watch out for小心；当心 look out当心take care小心,.佳句填空完形 1_ was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental _ the development of life. 水会对生命的发展起关键作用，这一点在当时并不太明显。 2what it was _ (become) was uncertain _ between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago _ t

11、he dust settled into a solid globe. 它会变成什么，当时还没有人知道，直到38至45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球体。,it,to,to become,until,when,3what is even _ (important) is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on _ surface. 更为重要的是，地球冷却了下来，地球的表面就开始出现了水。 4so _ life will continue on the earth for millions of years _ (c

12、ome) will depend on whether this problem can _ (solve) 所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。,more important,its,whether,to come,be solved,5i cheered up immediately and _ (float) weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin _ (watch) the earth become smaller and the moon _ (large) 我立刻高兴起来，由于失重，我在太空舱里飘来

13、飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。,floated,watching,larger,.语法过关演练 主语从句 1_ he considered a great proposal was turned down by the boss at the meeting. 解析：考查主语从句。句意：他认为很好的一个提议在会议上被老板否定了。空处引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语，不指人，故填what。,what,2_ is known to all is that the diaoyu islands have belonged to china since ancient ti

14、mes. 解析：考查名词性从句。句意：钓鱼岛自古就属于中国，这是大家都知道的。what引导的是主语从句，并在主语从句中作主语。 3what has made john look like lacking sleep? _ he had to prepare for the coming exam and stayed up last night. 解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，答语是回答上面句子中的主语“what”的，故此句是一个主语从句，缺少引导词，而引导词在从句中不充当成分，故用“that”。,what,that,4it remains to be seen _ this pla

15、n is practical enough to keep the project going. 解析：考查主语从句。句意：这个计划是否足够实用，以使这个项目继续下去还有待观察。it是形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的从句。whether“是否”，符合句意。 5it makes his life quite different _ he has received higher education abroad. 解析：考查主语从句。本句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是“that he has received higher education abroad”。,whether,that

16、,考 点 探 究,1harmful adj.有害的；伤害的 归纳拓展 (1)be harmful to sb.对某人有害 (2)harm n& vt. 损伤；伤害 do sb.harm(do harm to sb.) 对某人有害 do more harm than good 弊大于利 theres (no) harm in (sb.s ) doing sth.(某人)做某事(没)有害处 mean no harm 没有恶意 (3)harmless adj. 无害的,高 频 单 词,用所给词的适当形式填空/介词填空。 in contemporary culture, physical expres

17、sions of anger are generally considered too socially _ (harm) to be tolerated. 在当代的文化中，愤怒的肢体表达被普遍认为对社会有太多坏处而不能被容忍。,harmful,these days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing serious harm _ life and the environment. 这些天，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。 if you want to solve th

18、e problem in this way, there is no harm _ calling him. 如果你想以这种方式来解决问题，你不妨给他打个电话。,to,in,2exist vi.存在；生存；存活；继续存在 归纳拓展 (1)there exists/existed .某地有；存在 exist on (live on) sth.靠某物生存 exist by 靠方式为生 exist in 存在于之中 exist as 作为而存在；以形态存在,(2)existence n. 存在；生存 come into existence 开始存在；成立 bring .into existence

19、使发生(产生) in existence 现存的；现有的 (3)existent adj. 存在的；现存的,完成句子。 they cant _ the money hes earning. 他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。 _ huge animals on the earth a long time ago. 很久以前地球上存在着体形庞大的动物。 it has been _ for more than 500 years. 它已经存在500多年了。 nowadays, there are still many people wondering when the earth _ _. 现在仍有

20、很多人想知道，地球是何时产生的。,exist on,there existed,in existence,came into,existence,3puzzle n迷；难题vi & vt.(使)迷惑；(使)为难 归纳拓展 (1)puzzle about/over 苦苦思索；仔细琢磨 puzzle sth.out 琢磨出的答案；开动脑筋 be puzzled by 被迷惑 (2)be in a puzzle about sth.对某事感到不解 set a puzzle for sb.(set sb.a puzzle) 出个谜语让某人猜 be in a puzzle 不知如何是好 (3)puzzl

21、ed adj.感到困惑的 puzzling adj.令人困惑的,用所给词的适当形式填空/介词填空。 tenysons care for the elderly woman _ (puzzle) the flower seller. tenyson对老妇人的照顾使得卖花的人很迷惑。 the police are still puzzling _ how the accident could have happened. 警察仍在苦思这起事故是怎么发生的。,puzzled,about/over,where the missing plane has gone still remains a puz

22、zle _ us. 失联飞机去了哪儿对我们来说仍是个谜。 there was a _ (puzzle) look on the little girls face because a _ (puzzle) problem _ (puzzle) her. 在这个小女孩的脸上带着迷惑的表情，因为一道令人迷惑的问题让她感到困惑。,to,puzzled,puzzling,puzzled,4pull n& vt.拉(力)；托；牵引力 归纳拓展 pull through 康复；痊愈 pull down 拉下(窗帘等)；拆毁；拆掉(房屋等) pull out 拔出；(列车等)出站；启程 pull in (列

23、车等)驶进；到站；(船)靠岸 pull sb.through (使)渡过危机(难关) pull .up 把往上拽；停止 pull over (机动车辆等)停靠(在路边),完成句子。 i pulled _ my mobile phone to read a text message from my mom. 我拿出手机读妈妈发的短信。 his house was pulled _ by fire. 他的房子被大火烧毁了。 he pulled _ his coat and joined us in the work. 他脱去上衣，便和我们一起干了起来。 the police car signale

24、d to us to pull _. 警车发出信号，要我们驶向路边停靠。,out,down,off,in,1prevent/stop/keep .from .阻止/防止做/发生 归纳拓展 在主动语态的句子中，stop和prevent后的from可省略，但keep后的不可省略；在被动语态中，这三个短语中的from均不可省略。 比较：protect .from .保护不受(伤害),重 点 短 语,完成句子。 the heavy rain _ on with our work. 大雨阻止了我们继续工作。 a possible war _ finally _ breaking out with the

25、ir effort. 一场可能的战争最终由于他们的努力而避免了。 the farmers _ wheat _ heavy rain with rain clothes. 农民们用雨布遮住小麦以防被大雨浇坏。,prevented/stopped/kept us from going,was,prevented/stopped/kept from,protect,from,2in time 及时；终于 归纳拓展 on time 准时all the time 一直；始终 at one time 曾经；一度at a time 每次；逐一 at times 有时；间或at all times 随时；总是

26、 from time to time 有时；偶尔in no time 立刻；马上 at no time 绝不 time and time again 一次又一次；一再 take ones time 别着急；慢慢来 keep up with the time 与时俱进,用time的相关短语完成下列句子。 they sent the email to me just _ before i left. _ will i give up completing the project. the boy laughed and cried _. _ he was addicted to playing w

27、eb games, but now he devotes himself to writing, which delights his parents. dont try to do everything at once；take it a bit _. we arrived in the summer, just _ to enjoy the midnight sun.,in time,at no time,at the same time,at one time,at a time,in time,3now that 由于；既然 归纳拓展 since与now that (既然)引导的原因状

28、语从句一般置于主句之前；because(因为)引导的原因状语从句通常放在主句之后；as引导的原因状语从句一般位于主句前，也可位于主句后。此外，并列连词for也可表示原因，引导的原因分句只能放在另一个分句之后。,完成句子。 _ (既然) you are willing to take a chance, then go ahead! _ (既然) everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. it is _ (因为) he lacked enough confidence that he suffered from failure. he must be

29、a good student, _ (因为) hes always careful with his lessons.,now that(since),now that(since),because,for,4in ones turn 轮到某人；接着 归纳拓展 in turn 依次；轮流；反之；反过来 by turns 轮流；交替地 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 it is ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事 take ones turn 轮到某人 on the turn 正在转变；正在变化 out of turn 不合时宜地；鲁莽地 take a

30、turn 转变,介、副词填空/用所给词的适当形式填空。 now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, _ turn, were winning contests. 现在其他学生都来向他请教，相应地，他们也逐赢得比赛。 i think its my turn _ (drive) the kids to school this week. 我想这周该轮到我开车送孩子们上学了。 it turned _ that this young man was none other than the old mans son. 结果证明

31、这个年轻人正是那位老人的儿子。,in,to drive,out,5cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋 归纳拓展 cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来 cheer sb.on (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油 cheers! (用于祝酒)干杯！,用所给词的适当形式填空/完成句子。 upon arriving at the classroom, the author _ (cheer) up by a warm welcome. 一走进教室，作者因为热烈的欢迎而高兴起来。 so we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we co

32、uld buy a flower for the lady _. 所以我们朝卖花的人走去，问她我们是否可以为那位女士买一朵花来让她振作起来。 i propose a toast to our friendship and cooperation._ (cheer)! 我提议为我们的友情与互助，干杯！,was cheered,to cheer her up,cheers,重 点 句 型,1so whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this prob

33、lem can be solved. 本句中的两个whether分别引导主语从句和宾语从句。 归纳拓展 whether与if引导名词性从句时的区别： (1)whether可以直接与or not连用，if不可以。 (2)引导位于句首的主语从句，用whether，不用if。 (3)引导表语从句和同位语从句，用whether，不用if。 (4)动词不定式之前用whether，不用if。 (5)介词之后的宾语从句用whether，不用if。,根据括号内汉语意思完成句子。 _ (明天我们是否去野营) depends on the weather. we havent settled the proble

34、m of _ (他是否有必要去国外学习) i wonder _ (你能否帮我),whether well go camping tomorrow,whether it is necessary for him to study abroad,if you can help me,2but when i tried to step forward, i found i was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。 本句中的twice as .as .表示“是的几