就远就近原则

1、就近原则：1.There be 句型 There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk.2.neither.nor. Neither you nor he is right. = Neither he nor you are right.3.either.or. Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. = Either Jim or they are going to shanghai ne

2、xt Saturday.4.not only.but also. Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. = Not only Anns parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.就近原则有一类连接词，其后的谓语动词要与连接词前一部分的主语保持一致。此类连接词有with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except (but), including等。例如： Tra

3、cy, like many girls, loves dancing. 特蕾西像很多女孩一样，喜欢跳舞。 All the students, including Tom, are leaving. 所有的学生，包括汤姆都走了。 No one except (but) me knows about this news. 除了我没有人知道就远原则代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart fromE.G：He rather than I is r

4、ight.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.就远原则What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。 Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。 Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。 Not only you hut(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。哪些结构作主语采用就近原则由or, eitheror, neitheror, not bu

5、t, not onlybut also等连接的并列成分作主语时，其谓语通常要与靠近的主语保持一致。如：He or I am in the wrong, 他或是我错了。 Neither you nor he is tired. 你和他都没累。Not you but I am to blame. 不该怪你而该怪我。Either my father or my brothers are coming. 不是我父亲就是我兄弟要来。Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在

6、欣赏这部影片。但在非正式文体中，有时也一律用复数谓语（注：在考试时最好避免使用）。如：Neither Ted nor Mark are wrong. 特德和马克都没有错。If either David or Janet come, they will want a drink. 大卫或珍妮特来了的话，是会要喝酒的。哪些结构作主语采用就远原则当用作主语的成分后面跟有由but, except, besides, including, like, with, as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, in addition to, combi

7、ned with, rather than, together with等引出的短语时，谓语动词习惯上要与这些结构前面的主语保持一致（即与比较远的那个主语保持一致，简称“就远原则”）。如：Everybody except you is down on me. 除了你，大家都看不起我。A woman with two children has come. 一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。John, rather than his roommates, is to blame. 约翰，而不是他的室友，应该受到责备。Jim, together with his classmates, has seen

8、 the film. 吉姆和他的同学都看过这部电影。My father, no less than I, is a base-ball fan. 我的父亲不亚于我也是个棒球迷。The son, as well as his parents, wants to go there. 不但儿子想去那儿，而且他的父母也想去。The teacher, as well as the students, is interested in the activity. 老师也和同学们一样对这项活动有兴趣。就远原则：谓语动词与前面主语一致 代表词汇：as well as；（together/along/combi

9、ned）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from, like, as much as, no less than, E.G： Nobody but two students is in the classroom.除了这两个学生，没有人在教室 Everybody except you is down on me. 除了你，大家都看不起我。 A woman with two children has come. 一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。 John, rather than his room

10、mates, is to blame. 约翰，而不是他的室友，应该受到责备。 Jim, together with his classmates, has seen the film. 吉姆和他的同学都看过这部电影。 My father, no less than I, is a base-ball fan. 我的父亲不亚于我也是个棒球迷。 The son, as well as his parents, wants to go there. 不但儿子想去那儿，而且他的父母也想去。 The teacher, as well as the students, is interested in t

11、he activity. 老师也和同学们一样对这项活动有兴趣。 就远原则What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。 Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。 Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。 Not only you hut(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。 就近原则，就是谓语动词的形式要和最近的主语一致没有就远原则，其实你的意思也就是谓语动词的变化吧如果是I and he ar

12、e going to the park谓语is要变成are，因为主语是我和他如果是I with him 就要用am了，主语是I还原句子：I am going to the park with himunderstand?祝你学习进步！ 就近原则： 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。 I.在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：there be句型; or ; either or；nor; neithernor；whetheror；notbut; not onlybut also ; 等。e.g. W

13、hat he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。 Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。 Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。 Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。 2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。e.g. In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the

14、people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。 There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。 II. 非正式文体中： 有时依“就近一致原则”，但也可依“意义一致原则”或严格地依“语法一致原则”。e.g. Neither she nor I were there (意义一致) 我和他当时都不在那儿。（非正式） Neither she nor I was there .（就近一致）（译文同上句）（正式） 但是，如果依“就近一致原则”而与其他两项原则相矛盾时，则常常认为是不太合符规范的。e.g. No one except his own supporters agree with him .仅他自己的支持者同意他的意见。（依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“No one ”才是主语，谓语要