2011年gct英语复习精练试题及解析

2011年 GCT英语复习精练试题及解析1. The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be _ the welfare of his animals.A. critical about B. indignant atC. indifferent to D. subject to【答案】C【解析】indifferent to“对漠不关心”。A 项 critical about“对挑剔”;B 项 indignant at“对感到气愤”;D 项 subject to“易受的”。2. Dr. Smith failed many times but he finally _ to find a successful way to solve the problem.A. broke off B. broke downC. broke out D. broke through【答案】D【解析】A 项 broke off意为“停止讲话”;B 项 broke down意为“(因机械、电力等故障)停止运转，失灵;失败，崩溃，瓦解;(身体状况)变得恶劣”;C项 broke out意为“突然发生”;D 项 broke through意为“有重要进展，突破”。根据题意，D 项为正确答案。3. At the meeting, Smith argued _ in favor of the proposal.A. severely B. warmly C. forcefully D. heavily【答案】C【解析】本题中四个副词的意思分别是：A 项：“严厉地”;B 项：“热情地”;C 项：“强有力地”;D 项：“严重地，剧烈地”。根据句子的意思，只有C项适合，所以 C项为本题正确答案。4. He _interrupted me by asking many irrelevant questions.A. carelessly B. carefully C. continually D. consequently【答案】C【解析】A 项 carelessly意为“粗心地”;B 项 carefully意为“小心地”;C项 continually意为“不停地”;D 项 consequently意为“所以，因此”。C 项为正确答案。5. While shopping in a department, I _left my purse lying on a counter of handbags.A. initially B. fortunately C. frustratedly D. accidentally【答案】D【解析】accidentally 意为“意外地，偶然地”，如：We accidentally found an ideal solution. 我们意外地找到了一个理想的解决办法。而initially意为“起初，开始”，如：Initially Alice opposed the plan，but she changed her mind later.一开始爱丽丝反对这个计划，但后来她改变了主意。fortunately 意为“幸运地”，如：Fortunately，nobody was killed in the accident.幸运的是事故中没人遇难。frustratedly 意为“受到挫折地，灰心丧气地”，如：He retried the method frustratedly，knowing that chances of success were slim.他灰心丧气地又试了一次那个方法，知道成功的可能性很小。(责任编辑：云龙)6. Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is _.A. firm B. companyC. corporation D. enterprise【答案】B【解析】company 在本句中作“同伴，伙伴”解。A 项 firm与 C项corporation都作“公司”解;D 项 enterprise是“企业”。7. Although the accident did very little _ to the car, I still suggest that you drive more carefully next time.A. demolishment B. ruinC. destruction D. damage【答案】D【解析】A 项 demolishment意为“损坏”;B 项 ruin意为“损毁”;C 项destruction 意为“破坏”;D 项 damage意为“(可以修复的)损坏”。前三项均有“不可修复”或“很难修复”的意思，只有 D项正确。8. I would appreciate _ it a secret.A. you to keep B. your keepingC. that you keep D. that you will keep【答案】B【解析】appreciate 意为“欣赏，重视;感激”，后面要接名词或动名词(包括动名词的复合结构)，不能接动词不定式，也不能接宾语从句，例如：She was hurt to find that no one appreciated her performance.她因为发现无人欣赏她的表演而感到伤心。We greatly appreciate all your help.对你们提供的一切帮助我们非常感激。所以，只有 B项正确。9. He was one of the greatest writers _ had ever lived.A. who B. which C. that D. as【答案】C 【解析】根据句子结构可知此处是限制性定语从句，先行词为人，因此不能用 which和 as引导，所以 B项和 D项可以排除。当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时，通常用 that作关系代词，因此正确答案是 C项。例如：This is the best book that I have ever read.这是我读过的最好的书。10. We often advise him not to drink more wine _ is good for his health.A. as B. than C. that D. but 【答案】B【解析】句中 more是比较级，要与 than连用，在这里 than在句中作为关系代词引导定语从句，than 在从句中可充当主语，例如：Dont eat more food than is necessary.不要暴饮暴食。There were more tourists than was expected.游客比预计的多。as 也可引导限制性定语从句，但一般要和 the same或 such等连用，而不与比较级 more连用。(责任编辑：云龙)2011 年 GCT 跟我学专栏 英语（第一周）advice n.忠告, 建议一点意见some advice一条意见a piece of advice提出忠告give advicebaggagen.(=luggage) 美行李cashn 现金；零钱现金支付to pay (in) cash你有现金吗？Have you any cash?clothingn 衣服（总称）damagen.损害, 伤害The storm did a lot of damage to the crops.暴风雨使庄稼受到了很大损失。equipmentn 设备 ,装备Our school has been given some new equipment.我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。furnituren.家具informationn. 消息, 知识, 信息jewelryn 珠宝knowledgen.知识, 学问laughtern 笑；笑声leisuren.空闲, 闲暇leisure time业余时间machineryn 机器；机械（总称）The machinery in the factory consists of several different kinds of machines.工厂里的机械设备包括许多种不同的机器。mailn.邮件他每天有大量的信件要回复。He has a large amount of mail to answer every day.recognitionn 承认；认可; 认得researchn.探索,调查, (in, on into)a very interesting piece of researchsome research on the effects of brain damagesceneryn.风景, 景色一块肥皂a cake cube of soaptrafficn 交通 ,来往的行人、车辆等Traffic police are sometimes very polite.交通警察非常有礼貌。The city streets are full of traffic.城市的街道上满是行人车辆。violencen.猛烈, 暴力an act of violence暴力行为damnedadj.该死的, 被咒骂的statisticsn.统计学, 统计表fierceadj.凶猛的, 猛烈的currencyn 流通； 通货；货币gigglen 格格笑chucklen.吃吃的笑声 1. 名词名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词 (Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如 Beijing，China 等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness 等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun2）集合名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如： air4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns），物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。归纳一下，名词的分类可以下图表示：_| |专有名词 | | 名 | | 个体名词 | | | | | 可数名词 | | | 集合名词 | | |普通名词 | | | 词 | | 物质名词 | | | | | 不可数名词| | | 抽象名词 | |1. 名词的数一般情况 加 -s以 s,sh,ch, x 等结尾的词 加 -es以 ce,se,ze, (d)ge 等结尾的词 加 -s以辅音字母+y 结尾的词 变 y 为 i 再加 es以 y 结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加 s 变复数：如： two Marys the Henrys monkey-monkeys holiday-holidays1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化以 o 结尾的名词，变复数时：a. 加 s，如： photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos；b. 加 es，如：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoesc. 均可，如：zero-zeros / zeroes以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时：a. 加 s，如： belief-beliefs roof-roofs safe-safes gulf-gulfs；b. 去 f,fe 加 ves，如：half-halvesknife-knives leaf-leaves wolf-wolveswife-wives life-lives thief-thieves；1.3 名词复数的不规则变化（考点）1）child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice man-men woman-women注意：与 man 和 woman 构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women 。如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但 German 不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans；Bowman 是姓，其复数是 the Bowmans。2）单复同形 如：deer，sheep，fish，Chinese ，Japanese , li，jin，yuan ，two li，four jin但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters3）集合名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattlethe English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。如： The Chinese are industrious and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。集合名词指单一（oneness）的集合体时用单数动词，指个别的(individual)组成份子时用复数动词。My family is a large one.My family are all very well.这类集合名词有：army, audience, class, committee, crowd, crew 全体工作人员, couple, group, staff 全体职员 , team, public, cabinet 内阁, band4）以 s 结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：a.学科名词 : mathematics，politics，physics, linguisticsb. 疾病名词: measles, mumpsc. news 是不可数名词。d.专有名词 : the United States，the United Nations ,eg. The United Nations was organized in 1945.5) 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数.Eg. “The Arabian Nights“ is a very interesting story-book.是一本非常有趣的故事书 6) 表示由两部分构成的东西，A. 衣服： trousers, pants, clothesB: 用具： spectacles, = glasses , scissors,若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双); suit(套);a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousersThe scissors arent sharp.A pair of scissors is on the desk.7） 另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods 货物，waters 水域，fishes （各种）鱼1.4 定语名词的复数（考点）名词作定语一般用单数，如：computer room, 但也有以下例外。1) 用复数作定语。如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系2) man, woman, gentleman 等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。如：men workers women teachers gentlemen officials3) 有些原有 s 结尾的名词，作定语时，s 保留。如：goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush 衣刷4) 数词+ 名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。如：two-dozen eggs 两打/（二十四个鸡蛋) a ten-mile walk 十里路two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan. 一个五年计划个别的有用复数作定语的，如： a seven-years child1.5 不同国家的人的单复数名称 总称(谓语用复数） 一个人 两个人中国人 the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese瑞士人 the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss澳大利亚人 the Australians an Australian two Australians俄国人 the Russians a Russian two Russians意大利人 the Italians an Italian two Italians希腊人 the Greek a Greek two Greeks法国人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen日本人 the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese美国人 the Americans an American two Americans印度人 the Indians an Indian two Indians加拿大人 the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians德国人 the Germans a Germans two Germans英国人 the English an Englishman two Englishmen瑞典人 the Swedish a Swede two Swedes1.6 名词的格（考点）在英语中有些名词可以加s 来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teachers book。名词所有格的规则如下：1） 单数名词词尾加 s，复数名词词尾没有 s，也要加s“ ，如 the boys bag 男孩的书包，mens room 男厕所。2） 若名词已有复数词尾 -s ，只加，如：the workers struggle 工人的斗争。3） 凡不能加 s 的名词，都可以用“名词+of +名词“的结构来表示所有关系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字。4） 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：the barbers 理发店。5） 如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s ，则表示“分别有“；只有一个s，则表示 共有。如：Johns and Marys room（两间） John and Marys room（一间6） 复合名词或短语， s 加在最后一个词的词尾。如：a month or twos absence1.7 名词作同位语A.同位语和它前面的名词是指同一人或物A neighbor, Fred Brick, is on the telephone.B.为了加强语气，同位语也可变动位置An unusual present, a book on ethics, awaited him.An unusual present awaited him , a book on ethics.1. This is _ reading-room.A. the students B. studentsC. students D. the students2. How many_ would you like?A. paper B. breadC. pieces of papers D. pieces of bread3. He was praised for his _.A. brave B. braveryC. bravely D. great brave4. Please get me a new _ when you go to town.A. clothes B. dress C. clothing D. trousers5. There are 34_ doctors in the hospital.A. woman B. women C. womans D. womens1-5 D D B B B6. Some_ are even thinner than your little finger.bamboo B. bamboosC. kinds of bamboo D. kinds of bamboos7. He was born in this town and now he lives in _.Building second B. Building TwoC. the Building Two D. Building the Second8. Old as he is, he has _to do every day.A. a lot of work B. much worksC. lots of homeworks D. quite a lot of homeworks9. Jacks room is furnished with _.A. new furnitures B. many new furnituresC. many new pieces of furnituresD. many new pieces of furniture6-9 CBAD10. Have you read _newspaper yet?A. todays B. TodaysC. the todays D. your todays11. Its not far, only _walk from here to our school.A. a ten minutes B. ten minutesC. a ten minutes D. ten minutes12. Last month, he wrote me _letter.A. a 1000-word B. 1000 wordsC. a 1000-words D. 1000 words13. He had a _sleep yesterday.A. a good night B. a good-nightC. a good nights D. good-nights14. _is not a long way to drive.A. Three miles distance B. Three-mile distanceC. Three miles distance D. A three-mile-distance10-14 ADACC15. His isnt fit for the work. Please get me _.A. something else B. somebody elseC. someone elses D. somebodys else16. Do you know how large _ is?A. population of China B. Chinese populationC. China population D. Chinas population17. _ is too much for the boy to carry.A. The box weight B. The boxs weightC. The weight of the box D. The box of the weight18. Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest _ shop?A. shoes B. shoe C. shoes D. shoes19. What _ weather were having these days!A. nice B. a nice C. a bad D. worse15-19 CDCBAsomebody else 别人 someone else 其他人 weather: U20. Amelia Earhart, _ woman to make a solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean, was born in 1898.A. was the first B. she was the firstC. the first who was a D. the first21. “What on earth is that?“ “Dont you know? Thats a whale,_? “largest worlds mammals B. a largest mammal in the worldC. the worlds largest mammal D. largest mammal of the world22. The United States themselves will play a leading role if it canA B Crender help to other countries.D23.The news of the losses suffered by our troops were much worseA B Cthan expected.D24. Basic knowledge of mathematic and electronics was used to developA B Cthe high-speed electronic computer.D20-24 D C A B B2011 年 GCT 跟我学专栏 英语（第二周）动名词三个基本句型 主+系动词+ 表 The earth is a globe.我们居住的地球 是 一个大球体The earth where we live is a big globe.谓+主+状 = there beThere is a book on the table然而，在那个国家还有成千上万的年轻人 却很难找到工作。However, in that country there are also thousands and thousands of young people who find it very difficult to get work. 主+谓+宾+ 状The tree saved their lives in the flood(s).正是那棵树 在洪水中救了 他们的命。It was the tree that saved their lives in the flood(s).我们 无法想象 在那个遥远的星球上存在什么东西。We cannot imagine what exists on that far-away planet.非谓语动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词) 。1）不定式时态语态 主动 被动一般式 to do to be done完成式 to have done to have been done2）动名词时态语态 主动 被动一般式 doing being done完成式 having done having been done3）分词时态语态 主动 被动一般式 doing being done完成式 having done having been done否定形式： not +不定式， not + 动名词，not + 现在分词动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加-ing 构成，它在句中起名词的作用，可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。1、 动名词作主语Walking is good exercise.走路是很好的运动Seeing is believing.眼见为实。Smoking may cause cancer.吸烟可能导致癌症。Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.乘火车到杭州要 16 个小时。Swimming develops the muscles.游泳可以发展肌肉。通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长，用 it 作形式主语。如：Its nice talking with you.和你谈话很高兴。Its no use arguing with him.跟他争论没用。It is no use sending him over. Its too late already.派他去没用，已经太晚了。It was very difficult getting everything ready in time.要把一切按时准备好很困难。“There + be + no + -ing“结构，如：There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。There is no harm in doing so.这样做没有害处。There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour productivity.不容否认新方法大大提高了劳动生产率。2、 动名词作表语Her job is raising pigs.她的工作是养猪。This food smells inviting.这种食物香味怡人。The only thing that interests her is dancing.她唯一感兴趣的事就是跳舞。My favorite sport is swimming.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。To keep money you have found is stealing.捡到钱不交等于偷窃。3、 动名词作宾语Your shoes need polishing.你的皮鞋该擦了。Jim dislikes eating chocolate.吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。Would you mind filling out this form?请填一下这张表好吗？She cant help crying at a sad movie.她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。医生让多运动。The doctor advised taking exercise.The thief admitted entering the house.小偷承认进了屋。学生们的卷子改完没有？Have you finished correcting the students papers? 有些动词和动词短语后只能接动名词作宾语。这些动词及短语有：admit, advise, advocate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, excuse, escape, fancy, finish, forgive, endure, involve, give up, imagine, mention, mind, miss, pardon, practise, require, resent, resist, suggest, recall, resist, understandgive up, aim at, put off, insist on, persist in, be good at, do well in, cant help, keep on, leave off, feel like, be tired (afraid, capable, fond) of, set about, be used to, object to, devote oneself to, stick to, respond to, look forward to, see to, submit to, adapt to, apply to, prefer to, adjust to, owe to, react to 等。admitVt. 承认；供认advocatevt 拥护；提倡； 主张anticipatevt.预期, 期望appreciatevt.赏识, 鉴赏avoidvt.避免, 消除delayv.耽搁, 延迟denyv.否认, 拒绝endurev.耐久, 忍耐escapevt.逃避, 避免excusevt.原谅, 申辩fancyvt.想象, 设想,imaginevt.想象, 设想involvevt.包括, 笼罩justifyv.证明.是正当的permitv.许可, 允许postponevt.推迟, 使延期, 延迟preventv.防止, 预防quitvt.离开, 放弃, 解除regretvt.为.感到遗憾, 后悔requirevt.需要, 要求, 命令resentv.愤恨, 怨恨resistvt.抵抗, 反抗standv. 持久, 经受give upv.放弃(念头、希望等), 停止aim atv.瞄准, 针对put offv.推迟, 拖延insist onv.坚持, 坚决要求persist inv.坚持, 固执于do well in成绩好,.做得好be good atv.擅长cant help禁不住leave off = stopv.停止feel like想要， 好象要be fond ofv.喜爱, 爱好set aboutv.开始, 着手object to反对devote oneself tov.献身于, 专心于stick to坚持干(某事)respond to反应；回报look forward to期望see tov.负责, 注意submit tov. 服从, 忍受, 顺从adapt to适合apply to将.应用于adjust to适应, 调节owe tov.归功于react tov.与.起反应The doctor advised taking more exercise.医生建议多锻炼。I suggest doing it in a different way.我建议用不同的方法做。Do you feel like having a drink?你想喝点饮料吗？I prefer swimming to playing basketball.我喜欢游泳胜于打篮球。 2011 年 GCT 跟我学专栏英语第三讲 分词分词在英语中是非常活跃的语言现象。在学习分词的过程中应该明确，在大多数情况下分词只是从句的一种省略形式，目的在于使语言更为简练，尤其在笔头上。所以无论是现在分词，还是过去分词都与从句的主动被动，时态有着密切的关系。注意将分词短语与从句加以比较，对于理解分词有很大的帮助。 分词的构成现在分词动词原形+ing过去分词动词原形+ed（部分分词有不规则变化）分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。注意 ！现在分词-通常含有主动和进行两个概念。过去分词-通常含有被动和完成两个概念。分词做表语The film we saw yesterday was really moving.我们昨天看的那场电影确实感人。（电影使人感动，所以用现在分词）They were excited on hearing the news.听到这个消息，他们很激动。（他们为消息而激动，用过去分词）The story is very interesting.这个故事很有意思。（故事使人感兴趣，用现在分词）They are interested in the story.他们对这故事很感兴趣。（故事使他们感兴趣，他们是承受者，用过去分词）注：现在分词和过去分词做表语时，因为它们很像形容词，很多词典已经把它们例为形容词或某种习惯，用法如 to be interested in, to be excited on. 分词做定语1. 单独一个分词做定语通常放在所修饰的名词前面。an understanding man一个能理解别人的人 =a man who understands others.（现在分词表示主动）a developing country发展中国家 =a country which is developing（现在分词表示进行）smoked fish熏鱼 =fish which has been smoked（过去分词表示被动和完成）a developed country发达国家 =a country which has been developed（过去分词表示完成）2. 分词短语做定语往往放在所修饰的名词之后，实际上是一个定语从句的省略，但要注意不是所有的定语从句都能用分词代替。关键在于定语从句的时态。下面举例说明。The girl sitting in that corner is a good singer.分词短语做定语=The girl who is sitting in that corner is a good singer.坐在角落的那个姑娘是个好歌手。（现在分词短语做定语时表示的是进行）Do you know the way leading into the mountain ?现在分词短语做定语=Do you know the way that leads into the mountain?你知道进山的那条路吗？（将 which 省略，将 leads 改为现在分词。从上面句子可以看出，现在分词短语做定语也可以表示与谓语动作同时发生）。Do you know the teacher to teach us English?=Do you know the teacher who will teach us English?你认识要教我们英语的那位教师吗？注：上面的句子只能用不定式做定语因为从句所表达的意思是将来时。因此，现在分词短语做定语时，动作必须同谓语动作同时发生。否则不能用现在分词做定语。The proposal made by him will be discussed.=The proposal that was made by him, will be discussed.他提出的提议将被讨论。上句所定名词 proposal 是 make 动作的承受者，所以用过去分词。我们可以从定语从句中看出。过去分词含有被动含有完成也就是该分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前。The goods ordered from abroad will soon be delivered.=The goods, which were ordered from abroad, will soon be delivered.从国外定的货很快就会被送来。注：过去分词做定语含有被动和完成的概念，即分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，因此，不是所有被动语态的定语从句都可省略成过去分词。请看例句。Do you know the name of the book which will be written by our teacher.你知道我们老师要写的书的名字吗？Do you know the name of the book to be written by our teacher.该句的 written 发生在谓语动词 know 之后，所以不能省掉 which will be。如果省略意思就变了。请看例句。Do you know the name of the book written by our teacher?=Do you know the name of the book that was written by our teacher?你知道我们老师写的那本书的书名吗？（意思是该书已写出来了） 1The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having written B. to be writtenC. being written D. written2Dont you see the policeman _ towards us.A. t