仁爱英语八年级下册单元复习指导(四).doc

仁爱英语八年级下册单元复习指导（四）Topic 1 We are going on a spring field trip. 一、 词的形式decide(名词)_ raise(过去式)_discuss(现在分词)_ cinema(复数)_dollar(复数) _ sell(过去式)_ 二、 重点词组及短语1. find out _ 2. work out _ 3.come up with_ 4. in the daytim_5. as soon as _ 6. hear from_7.look forward to (doing) sth _ 8. at noon _ 9.air conditioning_ 10.go on a trip_ 11.make a decision_ 12.decide on_ 13. over the phione_ 14.go on a spring field trip _ 15.a three-day visit_ 16.raise money _ 17.railway station_ 18.train station_ 19. hard sleeper_ 20. soft sleeper _ 21.pay for _ 22.book tickets_ 23.departure time _ 24.arrival time _ 25.total price _ 26. per ticket _27. make a room reservation _ 28. a standard room with two single beds _ 29. room without a bathroom or airconditioning_ 30.tell sb. not to do sth._ 31.serve tea_ 32. greet sb._33. King for a Day_ 34. put on a play_35. on weekends_ 36. at the weekend_ 37.at the foot of_ 38. at the end of_ 39.take the train_ 40. get a letter from_ 41.have a wonderful time _ 43. the whole night _ 44. the sea of clouds_ 45. place of interest_ 46. in the open air_ 47. climb mountain_ 三、单元语法要点不定式在初中教句中的应用1 作主语To say is one thing and to do is another thing.Its very important to study English well.It took me three years to learn English .Its no use to be angry with her.Its necessary for us to read aloud English .注意：也可以用动名词作主语，表示长期的、习惯性的动作Saying is one things and doing is another thing .Swimming is my favorite sports .2. 做表语My job is to teach English .Her task is to find out the cost by bike .He seems to be worried.It seems to rain.Your duties are to study all the subjects well.Her wish is to study in Renai International School.注意：也可以用动名词做表语，表示长期的、习惯性的动作My job is teaching students.Her job is feeding animals.3.做宾语在一些动词如agree, continue, expect, begin，start, want, like, love,learn, forget, remember, need ,try, plan, prefer, refuse，offer, hate, dislike, promise, pretend, choose, mean, manage, would like, afford, decide, try ones best，wish, hope 等后做宾语。I plan to buy a car.He began to study English the year before last.She forgot to bring her physics book.Please remember to take your umbrella with you.He couldnt afford to buy a computer.I am not able to afford to help you.He tried to answer the question but he couldnt.动词不定式可以和疑问词what，whom, which, where, how, when连用When to go hasnt decided.Could you tell me how to get to the railway station ?I dont know how to do it.He wants to know which one to choose.She doesnt know where to buy a computer.We are deciding whether to see the film The Titanic.注意：begin, start, like,dislike,continue,hate后也可以接动词ing形式作宾语意思差别不大，而forget，remember, try, need, want 后也可以接ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语意思差别较大。He forgot lending me some money.(他忘记了借了一些钱给我)You need to buy a computer.(主语是人)Your clothes need washing.（主语是物）Your hair wants cutting.(你的发需要理了，主语是物)4.做宾语补足语 动词 ask, tell, want，teach，like， would like，follow，wish, invite, allow(允许), warn(警告)，expect，encourage, advise, get, order, hate等后可接带to 的不定式作宾语补足语I want you to help me.The school doesnt allow students to have long hair.Please follow me to repeat this sentence .I wish you to work hard at all the subjects.He invited me to have dinner with him ,but I didnt go.The teachers told me not to be late for school.动词一感：feel 二听： hear, listen to 三让：let, make , have 四看：see, look at, watch, notice 可接不带to 的不定式做宾语补足语（强调过程）I often hear her sing in the room.Let me help you. The boss made the children work for more than 10 hours a day.I saw you play basketball almost every day on last summer vacation.Look at me pronounce this word.I watched a man get into the house.The students are listening to the teacher read aloud the conversation.但这类句型变为被动语态时要带to,The children were made to work over 10 hours a day.The man was seen to steal things in the shop.The girl was often heard to sing in her room.注意：hear，see, watch后也可以接动词ing形式作宾语补足语，强调动作在进行。I heard her singing in the room when I walked past her room,I saw them playing basketball at 4:30 yesterday afternoon.I watched the money jumping up and down.另help后可接带to 或不带to的不定式作宾语或宾语补足语。5.做定语，常放在修饰的名词或代词之后。I have many exercises to do each day.I have something important to tell you.The best time to visit Harbin is winter.The best way to travel is by bike . 注意：不定式作后置定语时和它前面修饰的名词存在动宾关系，如是不及物动词要带上相应的介词。I need a pen to write_ .He has no room to live _.She has no friends to talk _.6. 做状语He went to the supermarket to buy clothes.Lets sell newspapers to raise money.They worked on the internet to find out the information about the cost.She came here to see me .Lets go to play soccer.Why dont we put on a play to raise money四、单元知识要点1. take, spend, cost, pay 的用法辨析How much does your coat _ ?He _ twenty yuan on the dictionary.She _ ten yuan for the book.It _ them ten years to built the pyramid.The pen _ me five yuan.He _ five years studying English .2. afford 的用法及物动词，常和can, cant, could , couldnt, be able to 连用, 后接名词、代词和不定式。Etc,He could afford to buy a car, but he didnt buy it because he wanted to reduce pollution.The apartment is too expensive ,I cant afford it.He was poor, he wasnt able to afford his childrens education.I cant afford to help you.3. decide to do sth. decide on sth. 决定/选定某物。4. find，find out, look for 的区别 find 发现，找到（强调结果） find out 找出， 查明（进过努力之后） look for 寻找（找的过程）5. hope，wish 的用法辨析 1）都可接不定式，两者意思相当。I wish to see you soon. = I hope to see you soon. 2）两者都可以接宾语从句，但wish 后宾语从句的事实是难以实现的，所以常用过去式。 I wish that I were you. I hope that you can come to my party tomorrow.3) wish 后可接不定式作宾语补足语，而hope 不能。Etc,I wish you to work hard at English. 不能说 ，I hope you to study hard. 之类的句子。6. as soon as “一 就” 引导时间状语从句 As soon as he got to Beijing , he telephoned me. We began to climb Mount Tai as soon as we arrived there .7. “数词