数控龙门铣床设计说明书[带图纸].doc -- 45 元

本科毕业设计（论文）数控龙门铣床设计燕山大学2010年6月摘要从研究数控龙门铣床着手，借鉴国内外先进经验，设计了一台用于板材及多种工件加工的数控龙门铣床，满足了生产和设计的要求。整个龙门铣床主要包括横纵向进给机构、立柱、横梁、底座、工作台等主要组部件。其中所有进给机构均采用滚珠丝杠进行传动，并由伺服电机进行驱动。主轴箱安装在龙门架上，运用类比法自行设计了滚珠丝杠螺母副的制动装置。全面阐述了数控龙门铣床的结构原理，设计特点，论述了采用伺服电机和滚珠丝杠螺母副的优点。详细介绍了数控龙门铣床的结构设计及校核，并进行了分析。另外汇总了有关技术参数。其中着重介绍了滚珠丝杠的原理及选用原则，系统地对滚珠丝杠生产、应用等环节进行了介绍。包括种类选择、参数选择、精度选择、循环方式选择、与主机匹配的原则以及厂家的选择等。关键词龙门铣床数控伺服电机滚珠丝杠IIAbstractBeginsfromtheresearchCNCplanertypemillingmachine,toprofitfromthedomesticandforeignadvancedexperiences,designedonetouseinthesheetmaterialandvariousworkpiecethenumericalcontrolCNCplanertypemillingmachine,hassatisfiedtheproductionandthedesignrequest.ElaboratedcomprehensivelythenumericalcontrolCNCplanertypemillingmachinesstructureprinciple,thedesignfeature,elaboratedhasusedstepbystepstheelectricalmachineryandtheballbearingguidescrewnutvicemerit.IntroducedindetailthenumericalcontrolCNCplanertypemillingmachinesstructuraldesignandtheexamination,andhavecarriedontheanalysis.Andhascompiledtherelatedtechnicalparameter.Inwhichintroducedemphaticallytheballbearingguidescrewprincipleandselectstheprinciple，Toballbearinglinksandsoonguidescrewproduction,applicationhassystematicallycarriedontheintroduction.Includingthetypechoice,theparameterchoice,theprecisionchoice,theroundrobinmodechoice,theprincipleaswellasthefactorychoicewhichmatcheswiththemainengineandsoon.KeywordsplanertypemillingmachineBoardNumericalcontrolStepbystepstheelectricalmachineryBallbearingguidescrewnutIII目录摘要.....................................................................................................................IAbstract................................................................................................................II第1章绪论......................................................................................................11.1背景......................................................................................................11.2数控技术的应用与发展......................................................................11.2.2数控技术的发展趋势..................................................................21.3数控机床的分类..................................................................................21.3.1按工艺用途分类..........................................................................31.3.2按运动方式分类..........................................................................31.3.3按控制方式分类..........................................................................31.4经济型数控机床..................................................................................41.4.1经济型数控机床的概念..............................................................41.4.2经济型数控机床的分类..............................................................41.4.3经济型数控机床的特点..............................................................51.5数控机床的组成及工作原理..............................................................51.5.1数控机床的组成..........................................................................51.5本章小节..............................................................................................8第2章数控龙门铣床总体方案设计................................................................82.1机床的设计要求..................................................................................82.2设计方案..............................................................................................82.3本章小节.............................................................................................11第3章机床主轴箱的设计..............................................................................123.1主轴箱的设计要求............................................................................123.2主传动系统的设计.............................................................................123.2.1主传动功率................................................................................123.2.2驱动源的选择............................................................................133.2.3转速图的拟定............................................................................133.2.4传动轴的估算.............................................................................153.2.5齿轮模数的估算.........................................................................17IV3.3主轴箱展开图的设计..........................................................................183.3.1设计的内容和步骤......................................................................183.3.2有关零部件结构和尺寸的确定.................................................183.3.3各轴结构的设计.........................................................................203.3.4主轴组件的刚度和刚度损失的计算.........................................213.4零件的校核.......................................................................................233.4.1齿轮强度校核..............................................................................233.5本章小节.............................................................................................24第4章进给伺服系统设计...............................................................................264.1对进给伺服系统的基本要求.............................................................264.2进给伺服系统的设计要求..................................................................274.3滚珠丝杠的选择..................................................................................274.3.1滚珠丝杠副的导程hP................................................................284.4同步齿形带的选择..............................................................................304.5伺服电机的选择..................................................................................304.6滚珠丝杠副的安全使用.....................................................................314.6.1润滑.............................................................................................314.6.2防尘.............................................................................................314.6.3使用..............................................................................................324.6.4安装.............................................................................................324.7伺服进给系统结构图的设计.............................................................324.8本章小节.............................................................................................34第5章床身、横梁导轨和工作台...................................................................355.1床身结构.............................................................................................355.1.1对床身结构的基本要求.............................................................355.1.2床身的结构.................................................................................365.2导轨.....................................................................................................385.2.1导轨的润滑与防护.....................................................................385.2.2导轨的安装调整.........................................................................395.3工作台.................................................................................................395.4本章小节.............................................................................................39结论.....................................................................................................................39