2019年高考英语一轮复习1.5NelsonMandela_amodernhero练含解析.docx

1.5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero.词义辨析1Most dogs will not _ people if they are left alone. Abury Bescape Creward Dattack2If they break the agreement，well take _ action against them. Alegal Bsincere Cequal Dfrequent3The aim of these activities is for people to be happy，so that there are no more wars or _. Ashortcoming Bviolence Cshelter Ddisadvantage4A _ will be offered for information leading to the arrest of the bank robber. Apipe Bvote Creward Dfare5We were invited to give our _ about how the work should be done. Aattitudes Bidentities Copinions Dpurposes6Shes always been _ with money.Whenever we eat out，she never pays a bill. Amean Bgenerous Clegal Dselfish7Everybody likes Jack very much because he is _ in giving help. Astubborn Bgenerous Cloose Dreliable8All our activities took place under the _ of an experienced teacher. Astage Breward Ctitle Dguidance9Teenagers need to be _ about the dangers of smoking. Arecognized Bescaped Ceducated Drescued10The United States is now playing a leading role in the international _. Apace Btrack Cevent Dstage【答案】D ABCC ABDCD.名词性从句专练1.With time going by, we have come to realize that creativity is it takes to keep a nation highly competitive.A. what B. how C. why D. that 【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查名词性从句。本题what引导表语从句what it takes to keep a nation highly competitive.并在句中做takes的宾语。句意：随着时间的流逝，我们逐渐意识到创造性是让一个国家有竞争力需要的事情。故A正确。考点：考查名词性从句2.I dont doubt _ he has the ability to deal with the situation, but _ the problem can be solved quickly depends on his attitude. A. whether; if B. that; whether C. if; whether D. whether; that【答案】B 考点：考查宾语从句和主语从句3. - Can I sit in the front row?-Yes, you can take _ seat you like.A. whatever B. what C. whichever D. which【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查名词性从句。Whichever在从句中作定语修饰seat，意思是哪张椅子都可以坐。句意：我可以坐在前排吗？是的，你想坐哪个都可以。故C正确。考点：考查名词性从句4. An opinion is _ someone believes is true but has not been proved.A. that B. what C. which D. whether【答案】B【解析】试题分析：what someone believes is true做is的表语从句，what指的是an opinion。句意：观点是某人认为是正确的但是还没有经过证实的那个。故选B。考点：考查名词性从句。5.The relation between the actor and his girlfriend has been worsening.I know. It has got to they have to get separated.A. whereB. howC. whichD. what【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：A；考查宾语从句。where引导的名词性从句，意思接近the place where ,可译为：“的地方”,where是疑问副词。由分析可知 they have to get separated是一个宾语从句，句意：那个演员和他女朋友的关系变得越来越糟。我知道，他们到了不得不分开的地步。故选A考点：考查考查宾语从句6. What best quality _ most people _ in others is the willingness to admit ones mistakes. A. which, approve B. /, appreciate C. that, impress D. where, regard【答案】B考点：考查主语从句7. With Syrias conflict entering the 5th year, there is an increasing focus on _ it will end.A. when B. which C. where D. what【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查宾语从句； 句意：随着叙利亚冲突进入第五个年头，人们逐渐关注什么时候结束； on后面跟着宾语从句，what在宾语从句中做end的宾语，故选A项； 考点 : 考查宾语从句8. She has been in doctors describe as a vegetative （植物的） state for six years.A. what B. which C. that D. how【答案】A【解析】试题分析：A她处于医生所描述的植物人状态中达六年了。what doctors describe意思是医生描述的那样，相当于what he said他说的话。故选A。考点：考查宾语从句的连接词。9. The couple give _ attend their 50th wedding anniversary some gifts to share their happiness. A. whoever B. whomever C. whom D. Who【答案】A考点：考查宾语从句的引导词10. For me, _ I care about most now is winning another title for my club and also getting the gold medal at the next Asian Games.A. that B. what C. whether D. when【答案】B【解析】试题分析：分析句子结构看出，_ I care about most now为整个句子的主语，即主语从句，而其中又少care about的宾语，故选what。that引导主语从句在从句中不作成份；whether和when都是副词引导主语从句在从句中也不作成份。考点：考查主语从句III.短语填空as a matter of fact；in trouble；turn to；come to power；set up；free from；believe in；stop.from.；find out；blow up1Nobody seems to understand. I dont know who to _.2After Hitler _ in Germany，Einstein was forced to go to America.3When her son returned，she was at last _ worries.4A police officer was killed when his car _.5You cant _ people _ saying what they think.6I knew him when we were in college_ we were on the same course. 7Nothing gives him more pleasure than helping someone _.8The student cheated in the exam，but he was _ soon.9You have got to _ yourself，or youll never succeed.10He _ his own business after he graduated from university.【答案】（1）turn to （2）came to power（3）free from （4）blew up （5）stop. . . from. . . （6）as a matter of fact （7）in trouble （8）found out（9）believe in （10）set upIV.完成句子1It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer_ (我去向他征求建议)(advise)to whom I went for advice 2It was very dangerous because if I was caught_ (我可能要坐牢)(prison) I could be put in prison 3He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings_ (那时我们本来应该睡 觉)(asleep)when we should have been asleepV.模仿造句1We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 翻译最后，这家工厂到了大量生产这种产品的阶段。 _Finally，the factory reached a stage where the products could be made in large amounts. 3Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 翻译直到那个时候，我才有机会去实现我的梦想。 _ Only then did I get a chance to achieve my dream. 4Since I was better educated，I got a job working in an office. 翻译因为我日语懂得不多，所以听不懂她说的话。 _Since I understood very little Japanese，I couldnt catch what she said. 5I felt bad the_first_time I talked to a group. 翻译我初次见到她时，就认为她善良诚实。 _ I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her. VI语法填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的位置上。 I was always told that the three Ps, patience , positive thinking and perseverance , were a sure path _1_success .But this advice does not always work as planned .My high school maths exam is one example .The exam , _2_ was originally to be held in our classroom , _3_(change)to the library at the last minute .This , _4_, didnt bother me because maths had always been my strongest subject .I patiently walked to the library , took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax _5_.But my mood changed quickly when I saw the first question .I had no idea how to do it .I tried to stay _6_ (positive ) and persevered _7_ I finally found the solution .With the problem _8_ (solve),I felt proud of my achievement ._ 9_(fortunate), I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _10_(complete) the rest.【答案】【小题1】to【小题2】which【小题3】was changed【小题4】however【小题5】myself【小题6】positive【小题7】until【小题8】solved 【小题9】Unfortunately 【小题10】to complete 【解析】试题分析：人们一直认为3Ps（patience，positive thinking，perseverance）是成功的秘诀。但在一次数学考试中作者运用人们一直推崇的3Ps，即耐心地对待出现的状况，乐观积极并且坚持不懈地对待难题，但得到的却是失败的结局。我们得到的教训是：无论做什么事情都不要墨守陈规，要灵活对待。【小题1】to考查介词用法。此处指“通向成功的路” to可以用指方向。类似短语 the way to the zoo；the road to modern English。所以填介词to。【小题2】which考查定语从句。分析结构可知此处是非限制性定语从句，关系代词代替先行词exam在定语从句中做主语，所以用which。【小题3】was changed考查谓语动词。从句意可知考试是被换到了图书馆，而且文章是叙述过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动形式 was changed。【小题4】however考查副词。由上下文可知考试前换考试地点没有影响到作者，所以此处是转折关系，而且空前后都有逗号，故用副词however。【小题8】solved 考查非谓语。此处是with复合结构，其中problem与动词solve之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词solved。【小题9】Unfortunately 考查副词。从结构可知，此处起修饰全句的作用，应该用副词；而且下文内容是没时间做完试题了所以应该是不幸地，故填Unfortunately。【小题10】to complete 此处是目的状语“要完成考试还剩下10分钟的时间”，所以用不定式to complete表示目的。考点：考查语法填空VII【安徽省A10联盟2018届高三11月联考】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Years ago when my husband and I were dating I bought two coffee cups; the kind that has your name on it and a(n)_21_ of what your name means. People used to make fun of our coffee cups but thats okay. I didnt _22_ them to impress anyone.We have kept those cups for 25 years. They are cracked (有裂痕的), worn and no longer _23_.In 2008, I had a long _24_ with breast cancer-numerous surgeries. Pretending to be _25_ and unafraid I moved on with a smile. Only those _26_ to me, my family, really knew I was cracking beneath the _27_.One morning, my husband Doug poured coffee into my Terri” cup as usual. The cup could no longer _28_ the heat. It finally cracked. This was a(n)_29_ to me. I lost it. I began to cry.“Doug,_30_ I break? This means something! I am broken! What if I cant be fixed?” I said.He hugged me and _31_ me down. Then he quickly left the room and _32_ with some glue. He took that cup telling me he was going to _33_ it and that nothing was going to happen to me. I would be _34_ and cancer was not going to “break” me.Doug fixed that cup with such _35_.He did the same to me with his care. The cup is not the same as it was before but it still sits in our cupboard.I am the same but I am _36_ changed; a little cracked but not completely _37_. I will never forget that day my husband _38_ to save my favorite coffee cup. It was a turning _39_ for both of us. And that cup like Doug will stay with me _40_ I live.21. A. description B. assumption C. preparation D. construction22. A. occupy B. purchase C. interrupt D. support23. A. attractive B. special C. usable D. typical24. A. connection B. battle C. history D. record25. A. serious B. curious C. nervous D. fearless26. A. closest B. friendly C. grateful D. similar27. A. mind B. surface C. skin D. expression28. A. adjust B. promote C. take D. preserve29. A. sign B. attention C. concern D. joke30. A. how come B. what about C. so what D. what if31. A. put B. let C. set D. calmed32. A. sent out B. folded up C. returned D. withdrew33. A. fix B. clean C. decorate D. color34. A. protected B. cured C. cherished D. pursued35. A. tendency B. preference C. determination D. imagination36. A. nearly B. slightly C. hardly D. partly37. A. broken B. left C. discovered D. hit38. A. afforded B. arranged C. expected D. managed39. A. moment B. chance C. point D. page40. A. now that B. even if C. in order that D. as long as【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. D【解析】 本文属于故事类文章。作者在和丈夫约会时买了两个咖啡杯，现在有了裂痕了而我也患了乳腺癌。一天我的咖啡杯破裂了我再也无法承受病痛，就象自己也会随时会象杯子一样而崩溃。于是丈夫竭尽全力地修好了我的杯子，丈夫意在我的病也会象杯子一样会好的。22. B考查动词。Occupy占据，占领； purchase购买，换得，换取；interrupt 打断；support支持。句意：人们过去常取笑我们的咖啡杯，但没关系。我没想给（即换取）任何人留下深刻印象。分析句意可知我买杯子不是为了换取别人的注意，故选B。23. C 考查形容词作表语。 attractive 有吸引力的；special特别的； usable有用的，能用的，typical典型的。句意;它们（杯子）有裂痕了，再也不能用了。杯子有裂痕了自然就不能用了，故选C。24. B考查名词辨析。Connection联系；battle 斗争；. History历史；record记录。句意：2008，我与乳腺癌进行了漫长的斗争，无数次手术。分析句意是与病痛作斗争。故选B。25. D考查形容词辨析。 serious严肃的，认真的 curious好奇的； nervous 紧张的； fearless无畏的句意：我假装无所畏惧，我微笑着继续前进。分析上句可知作者患乳腺癌却假装什么也不怕，故选D。26. A 考查形容词。Closest最靠近 ； friendly 友好的； grateful感激的，感谢的；similar相似的。句意：只有我最亲近的人，我的家人才真正知道我的内心里要崩溃了。根据生活常识能知道真正了解一个人的只有最亲近的人及后面提到的“家人”，故选A。29. A考查名词辨析。sign记号，符号，预兆；attention 注意力；concern关心，顾虑； joke笑话，玩笑。句意：这对我来说是个预兆，我失去了它。我开始哭了起来。对作者而言，杯子的破碎预示她自己的命运会象杯子一样了。故选A。30. D考查短语辨析。 how come怎么会（那样）；what about怎么样，以为如何（提出建议或用以引出话题）； so what那又怎么样；what if要是又怎样。作者问丈夫如果自己也病的不能治了又会怎么样呢？故选D。31. D考查动词。 Put放；let 使，让；. set放置，安置calm冷静，镇静。作者崩溃了，她丈夫拥抱了她让她平静下来了。故选A32. C考查动词短语辨析。 sent out发出，folded up放置，安置；returned 返回；withdrew收回，撤回。听到作者的不安，他很快离开房间，带着胶水返回来了。故选C。33. A考查动词辨析。 fix修理，使牢固；clean清理；decorate 装饰；color颜色。他接过杯子，告诉我他要去修好它，我也不会有事的。分析句意可知是拿胶水来修理，故选A。34. B考查动词辨析。Protect保护； cure治愈； cherish珍爱，爱护； pursue追求。作者的丈夫告诉她一定会被治愈的，癌症带不走她的。由此可知选B。37. A考查形容词作表语。 broken 破碎的，崩溃的； left 剩下的，留下的；discovered 被发现的； hit被打击的。分析句意我还是有点崩溃。故选A38. D39. C考查名词。 Moment时刻；chance机会； point点，程度；page页面。分析句意可知是两个人的转折点（a turning point），故选C。40. D考查连词。now that既然； even if即使； in order that目的是，以便；as long as只要。分析句意可知作者说只要她活着，杯子就像道格一样陪着她。故选D.VIII写作【安徽省合肥市2018届高三年级第一次英语联考】书面表达（满分25分）假如你是李华，你的美国笔友David想了解你高中第一学年的情况。请根据下列所提示的信息给他写一封回信。1. 感叹时间过得快；2. 学习上的得与失；3. 学校生活：交友，课外活动等。注意：1. 100字左右；信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总数。2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear David,_What about your school life？Would you like to share it with me? Im looking forward t