河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017_2018学年高一英语下学期基础检测试题.docx

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一英语下学期基础检测试题第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AChoose Your One-Day-Tours!Tour A - Bath &Stonehenge: including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge -37 until 26 March and 39 thereafter. Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum, Stonehenge is one of the worlds most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.Tour B - Oxford & Startford: including entrance fees to the University St Marys Church Tower and Anne Hathaways -32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter. Oxford: Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges. Look over the city of dreaming spires(尖顶）from St Marys Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C - Windsor Castle &Hampton Court: including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace -34 until 11 March and 37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VILLs favorite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included).With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫)where it is easy to get lost!Tour D Cambridge: including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great -33 until 18 March and 37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.21Which tour will you choose if you want to see Englands oldest university city?A. Tour A B. Tour BC. Tour C D. Tour D22Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?A. Windsor Castle & Hampton CourtB. Oxford & StratfordC. Bath & StonehengeD. Cambridge23Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?A. It used to be the home of royal familiesB. It used to be a well-known mazeC. It is the oldest palace in BritainD. It is a world-famous castleBGrandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States，yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventiesAs she once said to herself： I would never sit back in a rocking chair，waiting for someone to help me No one could have had a more productive old ageShe was born Anna Mary Robertson on a farm in New York State，one of five boys and five girlsAt twelve she left home and was in domestic service until，at twenty-seven，she married Thomas Moses，the hired hand of one of her employersThey farmed most of their lives，first in Virginia and then in New York State，at Eagle BridgeShe had ten children，of whom five survived；her husband died in 1927Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery(刺绣) pictures as a hobby，but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff(僵硬的) to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the timeHer pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she paintedThree of the pictures exhibited(展览) in the Museum of Modern Art，and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New YorkBetween the 1930s and her death，she produced some 2，000 pictures：careful and lively portrayals of the country life she had known for so long，with a wonderful sense of color and formI think really hard till I think of something really pretty，and then I paint it she said24According to the passage，Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to_Amake herself beautiful Bkeep activeCearn more money Dbecome famous25Grandma Moses spent most of her life_AnursingBpaintingCembroideringDfarming26The underlined word “portrayals ”means_A. descriptionsB. expressionsC. explanationsD. impressions27Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？AGrandma Moses：Her Life and PicturesBThe Children of Grandma MosesCGrandma Moses：The Best PainterDGrandma Moses and Her ExhibitionC We all know what a brain is. A doctor will tell you that the brain is the organ of the body in the head. It controls our bodys functions, movements, emotions and thoughts. But a brain can mean so much more.A brain can also simply be a smart person. If a person is called brainy, she is smart and intelligent. If a family has many children but one of them is super smart, you could say “Shes the brains in the family.” And if you are the brains behind an organization, you are responsible for developing or organizing it. Brain trust is a group of experts who give advice. Word experts say the phrase “brain trust” became popular when Franklin D. Roosevelt first ran for president in 1932. Several professors gave him advice on social and political issues facing the U.S. These professors were called his “brain trust.”These ways we use the word “brain” all make sense. But other ways we use the word are not so easy to understand. For example, to understand the next brain expression, you first need to know the word “drain”. As a verb, to drain means to remove something by letting it flow away. So a brain drain may sound like a disease where the brain flows out the ears. But, a brain drain is when a countrys most educated people leave their countries to live in another. The brains are, sort of, draining out of the country.However, if people are responsible for a great idea, you could say they brainstormed it. Here, brainstorm is not an act of weather. It is a process of thinking creatively about a complex topic. For example, business leaders may use brainstorming to create new products, and government leaders may brainstorm to solve problems.If people are brainwashed, it does not mean their brains are nice and clean. To brainwash means to make someone accept new beliefs by using repeated pressure in a forceful or tricky way. Keep in mind that brainwash is never used in a good way.28Why did Roosevelt successfully win the election according to the passage?ABecause he was the brain trust of Americans. BBecause he got his brain trust.CBecause he was smart at giving advice. DBecause word experts say he is “the brain trust”.29According to the text, if youre the CEO of Bai Du you can be called_ .Athe organ of Bai DuBthe brain drain of Bai DuCthe brains behind Bai DuDBai Dus brain trust30Which of the following expressions is always used in an impolite way?ABrainstormBBrain trustCBrainwashDBrain drain31Whats the main idea of this article？AThe origin of the word “brain”.BThe word “brain” and its stories.CThe brain is an important organ of the body.DHow to use your brain more effectively.DA Japanese telecom company has designed a robot that it says has emotions(情绪). But rather than run in fear from it, weve welcomed it into our homes: Pepper, the “emotional robot,” sold out within a minute of going on sale.Created by Aldebaran Robotics and Japanese mobile giant SoftBank, Pepper went on sale to the general public in Japan June 20. It is “the first humanoid(类人的) robot designed to live with humans,” Aldebaran says on its website. Pepper costs about 1,600. And like all good mobile products, theres a 120 per month data fee, as well as an 80 per month damage insurance fee. According to a news report, Pepper can pick up on human emotions and create his own using a “multi-layer neural(神经的) network.” Peppers touch sensors and cameras are said to influence its mood, which is displayed(展示) on the tablet-sized screen on its chest.Pepper will sigh when unhappy, and can go around your house recording your familys daily activity. Aldebaran says Pepper can feel “joy, surprise, anger, doubt and sadness,” but it doesnt say how strongly it can feel these emotions. What happens when Pepper is having a bad day? Will it, like many humans, become uncooperative? Will it ask for some time alone? What happens if it knows that its purpose in life is just to take part in small talk? Thankfully, Pepper is only about four feet tall, with roller balls instead of legs, so if it is angry with and even turns on its owners, youll be safe if you can make it upstairs.Aldebaran says in reality, theyre probably quite a few years away from artificial intelligence that could create real emotions. Aldebaran wasnt immediately able to tell when Pepper will be available(可得的) out of Japan, but additional sales are scheduled for July after the first 1,000 units sell out. SoftBank currently uses the robots in its stores as greeters, and it plans to offer Pepper to other stores in the future. Hopefully “boredom” is not an emotion Pepper can feel.32According to the author, Pepper _.Ais very popular among customersBcan not only run but also show fearCis going to be sold all over the worldDcan deal with many kinds of housework33How much do you need to pay for Peppers data and damage insurance fee each year? A80 dollars.B120 dollars.C1,440 dollars.D2,400 dollars.34Peppers height and roller balls are mentioned to _.Aintroduce its appearanceBtell Pepper wont get angryCshow that safety isnt a big issueDexplain robots have strong emotions35What can we infer from the last paragraph?APepper cannot produce real emotions.BPepper can feel joy, surprise and boredom.CPepper will be sold in other countries next year.DPepper is being used as waiters in some restaurants.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Are you truly happy? Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness? 36 . The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life. Make a plan for achieving goals that you believe will make you happy. Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value.Surround yourself with happy people. It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way. 37 . When something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity. Truly happy people dont allow setbacks to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstances back to their favor. 38 . These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness. 39 . Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance, you will be subconsciously (下意识地) putting yourself in a better mood. Finding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness. Find a way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy. Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness. 40 . A. Anyway, different people think about happiness in different ways. B. On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious. C. Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood D. These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves.E. Its also important to take a few minutes each day to do something nice for yourself. F. Besides, there are some more tips in life that help you achieve happiness. G. Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that put you in a happy mood.第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节， 满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C, D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A woman in her sixties lived alone in her little cottage with a pear tree at her door. She spent all her time taking care of the tree. But the children nearby drove her 41 by making fun of her. They would climb her tree and then run away with pears, 42 “Aunty Misery” at her.One evening, a passer-by asked to 43 for the night. Seeing that he had an 44 face, she let him in and gave him a nice 45 . The next morning the stranger, actually a sorcerer (巫师), thanked her by granting (允准) her 46 that anyone who climbed up her tree 47 not be able to come back down until she 48 it.When the children came back to steal her 49 , she had them stuck on the tree. They had to beg her long 50 she gave the tree permission to let 51 go. Aunty Misery was free from the 52 at last.One day another man 53 her door. This one did not look trustworthy to her, 54 she asked who he was. “I am Death. Ive come to take you 55 me,” said he.Thinking fast Aunty Misery said, “Fine, but Id like to 56 some pears from my pear tree to remember the 57 it brought to me in this life. But I am too 58 to climb high to get the best fruit. Will you be so 59 as to do it for me?” With a deep sigh, Mr. Death climbed up the tree _60 and was immediately stuck to it. No matter how much he warned or begged, Aunty Misery would not allow the tree to let Death go. 41. A. hopeless B. painful C. dull D. crazy42. A. calling B. shouting C. announcing D. whispering43. A. stay B. live C. hide D. lie44. A. interesting B. honest C. anxious D. angry45. A. gift B. kiss C. treat D. smile46. A. suggestion B. advice C. permission D. wish47. A. could B. should C. might D. must48. A. permitted B. promised C. answered D. declared49. A. branch B. food C. tree D. fruit50. A. after B. while C. since D. before51. A. it B. them C. him D. her52. A. trick B. question C. trouble D. difficulty53. A. stepped into B. left for C. stopped at D. walked around54. A. so B. but C. although D. because55. A. with B. off C. upon D. for56. A. choose B. pick C. shake D. hit57. A. honor B. pleasure C. hope D. excitement58. A. light B. short C. old D. thin59. A. proud B. kind C. fine D. smart60. A. disappointedly B. cheerfully C. unwillingly D. eagerly第卷第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节， 满分45分）第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. This has increased the amount of salt in fresh water 61 (use) on coastal farms. As a result, farmers are 62 (gradual) unable to use fields close to the sea.However, Marc Van Rijsselberg, a farmer in the Netherlands is now using a 63 (mix) of sea and fresh water 64 (grow) healthy and tasty vegetables.He teamed up with scientists from the Free University and divided a farm 65 eight smaller areas. Separate pipes pumped fresh and sea water, and a computer program created water with eight levels of salinity (含盐度).The water levels and the levels of salinity was 66 (control) by computerized measuring devices called “sensors”. Mr. Van Rijsselberg said he was able to harvest vegetables from most of the eight testing areas. He said the vegetables were smaller than 67 grown in fresh water. But he said they also had more sugar and salt, so they tasted much 68 (good).He found that potatoes grew better than the other vegetables in the combination of sea and fresh water. Mr.Van Rijsselberg said four kinds of these potatoes would be sent to Pakistan, 69 thousands of hectares of land 70 (damage) by salinization last year.第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分35）第1节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加： 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除： 把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改： 在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Lucy,I am very excited to learn that youre coming to Xian for travel. Both my parent miss you a lot. So is our friend, Ruby. April is best time of the year to visit Xian. There is only a few rain and the weather is neither too hot or too cold. There are so many places I wanted to take you to after I finish my work like a volunteer in the local charity. When you come, you can stay with ourselves. My house is about three kilometers far away from Xian Moslem Street where is full of local foods.Best regards,Janet第二节 书面表达(满分25分)面对繁重的学业负担，很多学生出现了不同程度的心理和身体方面的不适。鉴于此种情况，中学生应该学会放松。假如你是中学生李华，请以“How to Relax Ourselves”为题写一篇文章给21世纪英语报投稿。内容包括：1为什么要学会自我放松；2自我放松的途径（如看电视、上网、体育锻炼、旅游等）；3你更喜欢哪种自我放松方式及原因。注意：1词数100左右； 2文章开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：physical身体上的