《分词的独立结构》PPT课件.ppt

分词独立结构,分词做状语时，其逻辑主语应该与句子的主语保持一致，否则应该有自己的逻辑主语，构成分词的独立结构。 组成：逻辑主语（名词，代词）+分词结构， 表时间，原因，条件，方式， 伴随。可用现在分词，过去分词，分词的完成式或被动式。,1）逻辑主语+现在分词，表主动。 Mary coming back, they discussed it together.(when Mary came back) All being well, the project will be finished in five months.(If all is well.) That being the case, wed better make another plan. (Since that is the case) She walked along the path, her daughter following close behind. (her daughter followed close behind),2)逻辑主语+过去分词，表被动,This done, they went home.(When this was done) Everything taken into consideration, his plan seems to be more workable. (If everything is considered) He returned three days later, his face covered with mud and his clothes torn into pieces.(and his face was covered with mud and his clothes were torn into pieces.),分词,一.作状语（最重要的） 1. 必须是主语发出的一个动作 2. 分词是次要的动作（主要动作是谓语） 先找主语 主语是动作的发出者，选 现在分词 主语是动作的承受者，选过去分词,分词具有动词的特征同时有形容词和副词的特征，可做定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语,一、（1）感觉感官动词后的宾语补足语, （see,hear,smell,listen to,notice, observe, Perceive,watch, discover, find,feel,look at）等 E g: He heard his name called. He saw the thief caught by policeman. She smelt something burning. （2）使役动词后的宾补（make, let, have, keep, set, get, )等 Eg: I have kept you waiting a long time.,He managed to get it done on time. 注意：1.make后的宾补只能用过去分词 Eg: She still couldnt make herself understood in English. The writer made himself known by the novel. 2.set后的宾补只能用现在分词 Eg: He set the clock going. Her words set me thinking deeply. 3.表正在发生的被动动作，前面要加being He found himself being followed by a wolf.,二、做状语,1.做时间状语，相当于when引导的从句 Eg: Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai.(when they heard the news) Seen from the pagoda, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 2. 做原因状语，相当于as,since, because的从句 Being Sunday, the shops are overcrowded. A bit frightened, he stood motionless.,3. 做方式伴随,He walked down the hill, singing softly to himself. He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. The boy ran home, crying. 4.做条件状语，相当于if, unless引导的从句 Given another chance, Ill do it much better. 5.做结果状从， 相当于so that的从句 He turned off the light, seeing nothing.,6. 做让步状从，相当于though, even if的从句,Wounded, the brave soldier continued to fight. Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasnt tried her best. 注意：做状语时， 前面可用连词(whether,while,after, before)等， 此时如果分词是b