犹太人历史及二战期间的苦难.ppt

张鹏飞 101280030 海外教育学院,History of Jews and suffering of Jews during WW (Auschwitz),1. History of Jews,Definition of Jews: 1. Depending on mother 2. Depending on father 3. All right Population (2007): 13.2 million 5.4million in Israel 5.3million in America,Sketch of history,Abraham Canaan: with sugar and honey “Hebrew“ IsaacIsaac Jacob Egypt: Citizens to slaves,Moses: back to Cannan Ten Commandments Israel, King Solomon Israel (Assyria)and Judah(Babylon) Babylonian exile Second Temple Greece and Rome Anti-Rome, Masada，mass suicide，73 AD Around the world,2. Sufferings during WW,Auschwitz, south of Poland Anti-Semitism 反犹狂潮 Anti-Judaism 反犹太教,Can be dated back to the 18th century From the 11th century, the Jews immigrated into Poland. Peak time: 14th -17th century During the time: the government allow Jews to settle down and make business many Jews flooded into Poland Poland is a newcomer who holds anti-Judaism. Since 18th century, it has never stopped.,Nazi extermination camps in occupied Poland (marked with black and white skulls),3. Auschwitz Concentration Campus,Relative nouns: Extermination Campus 灭绝营 Concentration Campus 集中营 The Holocaust 特指二战对犹太人的屠杀 Crematoria 火葬场 The gallows 绞刑架 The guillotines 断头台 The electric chairs 电椅 Gas chambers 毒气室 SS（Schutzstaffel） 党卫军,Symbolic concrete blocks mark the path of the former railway line at Treblinka,Belzec extermination camp memorial,SS insignia,4. German Nazi,His most important claims: 种族优越论 希特勒在其著作我的奋斗一书中曾提到雅利安人，亦为现代的日耳曼人，是继承神志之民族，地球上最优秀的人种。,3 Phases: April, 1933 to November, 1938 “social death”: no political rights economic plight culture ghetto,November, 1938 to October, 1941 “spiritual death”： obligatory labor， Yellow six-star badges no “German Jews” but only “Jews in Germany” no social rights, no freedom, impoverished, aged, large number of death and live in the small “Ghetto”,October, 1941 to May, 1945 “physical death”,Women in Birkenau,Final Data,The percentage of victims: Poland: 90% (300 million) Greece, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Lithuania, Bohemia, the Netherlands, Slovakia, Latvia: 70% Belgium, Romania, Luxembourg, Norway, Estonia: 50% the Soviet Union: 33% France, Italy: 25%,Anti-Jud