题型分类指导之短文改错专题.ppt

题型分类指导之,短文改错专题,How to correct a composition,题型特点: （1）词法内容。包括名词、代词的数与格，反身代词，动词时态语态，非谓语动词、短语动词的用法，不规则动词的变化形式，形容词的比较级，形容词副词的区别，介词的误用等。 （2）句法内容。包括主谓一致、指代一致，并列连词，从属连词等引导各种从句的关联词语，感叹句，疑问句，祈使句的结构等。 （3）行文逻辑。包括句子的肯定、否定、推理、判断等。,题型专项 -短文改错,考点聚焦,a.(2000) She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.,schoolmates,b.(04)After class we become stranger at once.,strangers,c.(01)They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all my subject.,subjects,1.名词,考点设置,e.(02)On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.,pictures,e.(04)That was a dinner we had waited for several month.,命题特点:本来用复数,却用单数. 改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份;(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.,f. (04)You can find all kinds of information in just minute on the Internet.,months,minutes,a.(04浙江)And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own and discover and and interest which can even last a lifetime.,b.(02)It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited.,c.(04湖北)You have to be friends with your pupils and take care of him.,their,2.代词,us,them,d.(02春)When he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place which I couldnt find.,it,e.(03)I was learning to express me in simple English. f.(02北京)They usually will try to change ,but they will take some time because they get angry all their lives.,命题特点：代词与其所指代对象不一致。 改正方法：联系上下文的语气及逻辑关系。,it,myself,a. (02) As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.,the,b. ( 01)We may be one family and live under a same roof,but-,c. (04天津) As we all left home at early age, we met lots of problems in our daily life.,an,3.冠词,a,d.(04福建)Ten minutes later, the firemen came the put out fire.,the,e.(04湖南)I had thought it would be easy test. f. (05)I hope youve had pleasant journey home,命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：1）不定冠词a和an互改；2）不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改；3）根据需要增删冠词。,an,a,a.(01) we do not seem to get much time to talk about together.,b.(04)Im a newcomer here of a small town.,c. (04)Im sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool.,d.(04)Well talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.,4.介词,from,at,about,e.(05)I am writing to thank you with your kind help.,for,f. (05)Were leaving from our hometowns to spend the winter vacation.,for,命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：1）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如例a，talk about 是及物动词，后边要接宾语。,a.(01) They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that-,do,b.(02) The time passes quickly. Evening came.,c.(03)She liked it very much and reads it to the class.,d. (04)I dont know that they dont like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class.,5.动词,passed,read,talk,e.(05辽宁)I was a high school student then,from low-income family.So I have to work to support my family. f.(05)I will write again and send you the photos we take together.,命题特点：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。 改正方法：动词改错题是考查的重点，每年都考。要注意联系上下文，突破单句层次，着眼于整个语篇。,took,had,a. (04)I would describe myself as shy and quietly.,quiet,b. (04)There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.,personal,c. (04)Finding information on the Net is easily.,easy,d.(04天津)However, we seldom felt lonely or helplessly.,helpless,6.形容词、副词,e.(05辽宁)I worked harder because I was afraid of losing the job. f.(05) My pronunciation was terribly.,命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。1）根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。,hard,terrible,a. (00) She is smiling at me but nodding at me .,and,b. (01)It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.,c. (02)The food was expensive and the service was good.,but,7.连词,d. (04湖北)I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.,e.(04湖南)The teacher wasnt looking at me, but I copied something.,or,and,so,f.(05福建)The activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful.,命题特点及改正方法：主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。1）根据句型结构确定错误；2）根据句意确定错误；3）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误,but,a.(01)My parents will so all they can make sure that I get a good education.,to,b.(02)We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.,talking,c.(03) Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.,8.非谓语动词,visited,d.(04江苏)Shake her head, she said, “-”,Shaking,e.(05福建)I am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future.,seeing,f.(05山东)Were busy prepare for our trips.,命题特点：1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2）动词不定式和现在分词（或动名词）的错用；3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。 改正方法：1）根据动词的基本用法确定错误（如c)；当两个动词相连时，要特别检查各个动词是否正确(如b); 2)根据非谓语动词在句子中的成分确定错误(如a); 3）进行句子结构分析，如当动词出现在句首时，要认真分析这个句子是否是祈使句，如果不是，这个动词就可能用法错误（如d)。,preparing,a.(02) It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.,in,b.(04) I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.,whose,c. (03)The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.,how,9.句子结构,d.(01)What things are in other homes, I wonder.,e.(04福建)I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei.,why,when,f.(05辽宁)And I came to understand that was not easy to earn money.,g.(05)Earning their own money allows them to spend on anything as if they please.,h.(02)I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.,it,it,it,命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误范围庞大，主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）复合句中边接方句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。,10.正确,命题特点：每年一个小题,a.(01)Like most of my schools, I have neither brothers nor sistersin any other words, I am an only child.,b.(04)There are no need to spend money.,11.其他,c.(05)So what I learned from the job was much more important as what I earned.,命题特点及改正方法：其他可能涉及的考点有固定句型、习语、习惯搭配、主谓一致、名词及动词辨析和被动语态等。进行逻辑、语境分析以及积累一些常见习语搭配是解题关键。,any,is,than,2006年高考短文改错热点：名词、连词、时态、复合句、习惯用语、冠词、非谓语动词、,2006年高考短文改错冷点：代词、主谓一致、介词、形容词、副词,考点预测,Not all people like to work and everyone likes to play. All over 76._ the world men and woman, boys and girls enjoy sports. Since 77. _ long ago, many adults and children called their friends together 78. _ to spend hours, even days play games.One of the reasons people 79. _ like to play is that sports help them to live happily.In other words, 80. _ they help to keep people strong and feel good. When people are 81. _ playing games,they move a lot.That is how sports are good activities 82. _ for their health.Having fun with their friends make them happy. 83. _ Many people enjoy sports by watching the others play.In American 84. _ big cities, thousands sell tickets to watch football or basketball games.85. _,2005高考湖北卷,Practice makes perfect. 谚 熟能生巧,but,women,the,why,playing,makes,feeling,have,buy,（1）通读全文，了解文章主旨大意，确定文章的题材、体裁，把握文章的背景知识。 （2）逐句分析，把握结构。粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问题。 （3）逐