新课标2020届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法基础考点八并列句和状语从句.docx

考点八并列句和状语从句限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1Sometimes its hard to accept the truth _ the lie sounds so much better答案：because句意：有时候事实真相很难被接受，因为谎言往往要顺耳多了。此处表示原因，故填because。2_ noted otherwise, these brochures are free of charge答案：Unless句意：除非另外标注，否则这些小册子都是免费的。根据语意可知，用unless。本题也是一个省略句，相当于Unless these brochures are noted 。3She was such a proud person that she would die _ she would admit she was wrong答案：before句意：她是个如此骄傲的人以至于她宁愿死也不愿承认她是错的。这里用before，翻译成“宁可也不愿”，常与will或would连用。4I think John will make a good monitor, _ Id like to vote for him答案：so句意：我认为约翰会成为一个好班长，所以我想选他。前后句是因果关系，故填so。5My mother is always warning me when I go out, “Dont get off the bus _ it is running”答案：while句意：我出去的时候，妈妈总是警告我：“不要在车还在走的时候下车。” 此处while意为“当的时候”。 6I had hardly rung the bell _ the door was opened suddenly, and my son rushed out to greet me 答案：when句意：我刚一(几乎还没有)按门铃，门突然就被打开了，我儿子就冲出来迎接我。hardly/scarcely when，表示“一就，刚刚就”。7I wont lend you my car _ you promise you will not drive after drinking答案：unless句意：我不会把我的车借给你，除非你保证不会酒后开车。根据句意可知，此处表示“除非”，因此用unless。8He had to sell his luxury car, _ his company was in debt答案：for句意：他不得不卖掉自己的豪车，因为他的公司负债了。for “因为”。根据句意可知这里表示原因，且为补充说明。9Kate, run a bit faster, _ you can catch up with all of your classmates答案：and句意：凯特，再跑快一点儿，你就能够赶上你所有的同学了。本句是“祈使句连词陈述句”结构。and表顺承关系，故填and。10_ the movie star has always been the focus of much media attention, he tries to lead a normal life答案：While/Though/Although句意：虽然这个影星一直是媒体关注的焦点，但是他试图过一种正常的生活。根据题意可知，前后分句是让步关系， 故填While/Though/Although。11You should try to get a good night sleep, _ much work you have to do答案：however句意：无论你有多少工作要做，你应该尽力保证有充足的睡眠。however/no matter how可以引导让步状语从句，结构是：however/no matter howadj/adv主语谓语。12When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any question答案：where句意：当你读这本书的时候，你最好在你有问题的地方做好标记。where此处引导地点状语从句。13Relax yourself every day, _ youll be too tired to get good grades答案：or本句是“祈使句连词陈述句”结构。or表示转折关系，意为“否则”， 故填or。14_ students decide which college to go to, they should research the admission procedures答案：Once句意：一旦决定了要上哪所大学，学生们应该去查询学校的录取程序。once “一旦”。根据句意可知，前后分句之间是条件关系，故填Once。15Mr White had no sooner finished the speech _ the students started cheering答案：than句意：怀特老师一完成报告同学们就欢呼起来。hardly whenno sooner thanscarcely when “一就”。16Jim said he was ill, _ I saw him in the street just now答案：yet/but句意：吉姆说他生病了，然而/但是我刚才在大街上看到了他。yet “然而”，but “但是”，都表转折关系，连接句子。17Leave it with me _ I will see what I can do with it答案：and句意：把它交给我吧，我看看能怎么处理。“祈使句and陈述句”是固定句式。18It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ weve actually had that lesson答案：until句意：对我们来说，从生活中吸取经验教训很难，直到我们真正经历过那次教训。until在此为连词，意为“直到为止”，符合句意。19_ the worker has limited technical knowledge, he has a lot of experience答案：Though/Although/While句意：尽管技术知识有限，但是这位工人却有丰富的经验。though/although/while “虽然；尽管”。20How much did he charge you for repairing your iPhone?I dont remember, _ it was quite a lot答案：but句意：他修你的苹果手机要了你多少钱？我不记得了，但要了很多钱。设空处前后两个分句之间是转折关系，故用并列连词but。21You may use the room as you like as long _ you clean it up afterwards答案：as句意：你可以随意使用这间屋子，只要你在用完之后把它打扫干净。 as long as “只要”。22Dont drive so fast _ youll have an accident答案：or句意：不要开得那么快，否则会出车祸的。“祈使句and/or陈述句”为固定句式。此处表示转折，故填or。23Peter was so excited _ he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing答案：when句意：当彼得收到朋友请他去重庆的邀请信时非常激动。句中when引导时间状语从句。24He got up early so _ he could catch the first bus答案：that句意：他起得很早，目的是赶上早班车。so that引导目的状语从句。25Only _ a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the room答案：if句意：只有老师允许，学生才能离开教室。only if位于句首，后跟状语从句时，主句用部分倒装。26_ you believe it or not, it is real答案：Whether句意：不管你相信与否，那都是真的。whether or “不管还是”。27_ you say, he wont believe you答案：Whatever句意：无论你说什么，他都不会相信你。whatever引导让步状语从句并在从句中作宾语。28Its been five years _ he left答案：since“It is/has been一段时间since ”句式意为“自从以来已经多长时间了”。29You must do the work _ you are told答案：as句意：你必须按照被告知的那样来做这个工作。as在句中引导方式状语从句。30Neither can I speak French _ can I write it答案：nor句意：我既不会说法语也不会写。neither nor “既不也不”，表并列关系。二、单句改错1A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity before he reaches the end of the story_答案：beforeuntil句意：一个好的讲故事的人必须能抓住听众的好奇心，直到他讲完这个故事为止。主句的谓语动词为延续性动词，且主句为肯定句，应用until，意为“直到为止”。2As young men, we should learn to stand up when we fall in our life _答案：whenwhere句意：作为年轻人，在生活中我们应该学会从我们跌倒的地方站起来。此处用where引导地点状语从句。3I dont mind where I live unless there is my favorite job _答案：unlessif句意：如果有我喜欢的工作，我不介意在哪儿生活。if引导条件状语从句。unlessif not。4Clever although he is, he doesnt study well_答案：althoughas/though本句中有一个让步状语从句，句型应该是“名词/副词/动词/形容词/过去分词as/though 主语be其他成分。”5I felt that it would be a victory for us even we lost the game_答案：even后加if/though句意： 我认为即使我们比赛输了，对于我们来说也是一个胜利。根据语意，添加if或者though。6Any measure of ads performance is entirely pointless when it could be viewed by a person _答案：whenunless句意：如果一个广告没有人看，广告的任何表现形式都是完全没有意义的。根据语境，强调条件，而不是时间，故when改为unless。7Find more chances to praise your children often, otherwise youll find they are willing to communicate with you _答案：otherwiseand句意：多找机会经常表扬你的孩子，那么你就会发现他们愿意和你交流。根据前面的祈使句和语境可知，此处是顺承关系，故将otherwise改为and。 8With time goes by, the little boy is becoming stronger and stronger_答案：WithAs或goesgoing句意：随着时光的流逝，这名小男孩变得越来越强壮。as “随着”，在此为连词，指前后两种动作同时发生；with “随着”，为介词。9It wont matter even he refuses_答案：even后加if/though句意：即使他拒绝了也没关系。even if/though “即使”。10Next time that I plan to travel in London, Im going to take a plane_答案：去掉that或thatwhennext time可视为连词，也可以视为时间状语。11Though the work was difficult, but we managed to finish it in time_答案：去掉but在although和though引导的让步状语从句后，主句里不可用but。12She said to me, “Ill tell you the result of the test at the moment I know it”_答案：去掉atthe moment为连词，意思是“一就”，相当于as soon as。类似用法的词还有：the minute/instant；instantly/immediately/directly等。13Much since I like all the books, I cant afford to buy them_答案：sinceas/though当as表示“虽然，尽管”时，其引导的让步状语从句应用倒装语序。即将让步状语从句中作表语的名词或形容词、作状语的副词、作谓语的实义动词提前。though也有此用法。14Jim is so a good boy that everyone likes him _答案：sosuchsuch a/anadj名词that; soadja/an名词that “如此以至于”，that引导结果状语从句，故so改为such。15I am about to leave while there is a knock on the door_答案：whilewhen句意：我正要离开的时候，突然传来了敲门声。be about to do sth when “正要做某事突然发生了另一件事情”。并列句并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。并列连词主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。一、表示并列关系的连词表示并列关系的连词有and, both and , not but , not only but also, neither nor , either or 等。I came here in 2001, and I have lived here ever sinceNot_only do they offer you joy and excitement, but_also encourage you to think critically二、表示选择关系的连词表示选择关系的连词有or, either or 等。Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema三、表示转折关系的连词表示转折关系的连词有but, yet等。Its an old car, but its very reliable四、表示因果关系的连词表示因果关系的连词有for, so等。It must have rained last night, for it is wet all overHe got up late, so he didnt catch the early bus五、when也可用作并列连词，其意义为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time常用于下列句式：Sbwas/were doing sthwhen Sbwas/were about to/going to do/on the point of doing sthwhen Sbhad just done sth when。We were having lunch when the doorbell rangThey were about to set off when it began to rain六、while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比 He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music七、“祈使句and/or/or else陈述句”固定句式Study hard and you will succeedFollow your doctors advice, or your cough will get worse限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1(2018北京高考)_ we dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone答案：If句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上的很多动植物将会消失。if引导条件状语从句，主句表明造成的后果。 2(2018天津高考)Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend so _ they get sweet enough to be eaten答案：that句意：让我们这个周末再摘桃子，这样的话，它们吃起来就变得足够的甜。从句为目的状语从句，故用so that引导。3(2018江苏高考)_ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights答案：Unless句意：除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。4(2018浙江高考)I was performing this action of waiting _ it later became a habit答案：until句意：我继续这种拖延，直到它成了一种习惯。根据句意填until。5(2018福建龙岩质检)But for now, they all have to postpone their plans _ the winter storms pass答案：until/till句意：但是现在他们都得把他们的计划推迟到冬季风暴结束时才能实施。根据句意可知设空处填till或until。6(2018四川成都外国语学校月考)I came to a crossroads with a traffic light I was alone on the road then, but _ I drove up to the light, it turned red, and I braked to a halt答案：as/when句意：我来到了一个有交通信号灯的十字路口。当时我独自在公路上，但是当我开车到信号灯处时，它变红了，我踩刹车停了下来。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当的时候”，故填as或when。7(2016北京高考)I am not afraid of tomorrow, _ I have seen yesterday and I love today答案：for句意：我不害怕明天，因为我见证了昨天，热爱今天。语境表示因果关系，故用并列连词for，说明原因。8(2018安徽高中联考)Many colleges have club sports available _ to meet a special interest or fill a gap where an intercollegiate (校际的) team is not available答案：either句意：许多大学设有俱乐部体育运动或是为了满足特别的兴趣需要，或是为了弥补没有校际联队的缺陷。根据对句子中or前后意思的分析可知，“either or ”说明大学里进行俱乐部体育运动的两个作用。9(2016全国卷)Over time, _ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly答案：as/when句意：经过一段时间，随着人口的增长(当人口增长时)，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样熟得更快。as/when引导时间状语从句。10(2018陕西咸阳二模)Researchers have found, in their experiment, that a babys cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them _ we are parents or not答案：whether句意：研究人员在他们的实验中发现，婴儿啼哭能够引起头脑中独特的情感反应，使得我们不可能忽略他们，无论我们是不是父母。whether or 可用来引导让步状语从句，意为“无论还是”。11(2019湖南邵阳二次联考)In fact, the discontent things are not useless _ you may learn more from them than from the things that cheer you up答案：since/because句意：事实上，令人不满意的东西不是没有用途，因为与那些使你高兴的东西相比，它们可能会使你学到更多。此处应用连词引导原因状语从句。12(2016四川高考)_ it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats答案：When/If句意：当它哭的时候/如果它哭，她来回摇晃它并且轻拍安慰它。此处可用when来引导时间状语从句，或用if引导条件状语从句。13(2018全国卷)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, _ we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation答案：but句意：把闲谈看作不重要的事情是很容易的，但是我们不要忘了如果没有闲谈的话，密切的关系也不会存在。前后表示转折关系，因此使用but。14(2018黄冈中学5月适应性考试)And _ trade begins, the benefits are hard to resist答案：once句意：一旦贸易开始，利润就很难抵抗了。此处表示“一旦”，故填once，引导状语从句。15(2018山东烟台高三质检)Sometimes tests are needed _ doctors discover exactly whats wrong with your body答案：before句意：有时在医生确切地发现你的身体出了什么问题之前做检查是必要的。根据前后句的关系，我们可以判断出检查应在医生诊断之前，故填before。16(2018天津高考)Next time you take a walk, no matter _ it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations答案：where句意：下一次你散步的时候，无论在哪儿，欣赏所有的风景、声音和感觉。no matter where引导让步状语从句。17(2019陕西省部分学校摸底检测)I looked at the key more closely _ I realized it was a car key答案：and句意：我更仔细地看看这把钥匙，然后意识到它是一把汽车钥匙。此处表顺承，故用and连接两个句子。18(2018天津高考)_ you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room答案：Whenever句意：无论什么时间你搬到一个新地区，你应该查找火警自动警报器和你房间最近的两个出口的位置。此处表示“无论什么时候”，因此使用whenever引导让步状语从句。19(2018浙江高考)_ his regular job was boring, I asked him why he just didnt do his sideline fulltime答案：Since句意：因为他的全职工作令人厌烦，我问他为什么不把副业当成全职来做。此处表示“原因”，故填Since，引导原因状语从句。20(2018江苏高考)From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, _ they continue to rise in many regions答案：and句意：从2004年到2013年，农业土地的价值增加了一倍，并且在很多区域它们的价值在继续上涨。根据语境，表示并列关系，故填and。 21(2018全国卷)I jumped at the idea of taking the class _， after all, who doesnt want to save a few dollars?答案：because句意：我迫不及待地想去上这门选修课，因为毕竟谁不想省几个钱呢？此处表示原因，故使用because引导原因状语从句。22(2018陕西渭南模拟)Allow children space to voice their opinions even _ they are different from yours答案：if/though句意：即使孩子们的观点与你的不同，也要给孩子们表达他们观点的自由空间。even if/though “即使”，引导让步状语从句。23(2018辽宁质检)The medicine works more effectively _ you drink some hot water after taking it 答案：if句意：如果吃药后再喝点热水，药物的效果会更好。此处if引导条件状语从句。24(2019广西南宁测试)You have to move out of the way _ the truck cannot get past you答案：or句意：你得让让路，不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知，空格处应用or，意为“否则，不然”。25(2018山东威海模拟)Thank you for your advice, _ this is something I have to figure out myself答案：but句意：谢谢您的建议，但这是只有我自己才能解决的事情。根据句意及“have to figure out myself”可知，此处表示转折，所以填but。26(2018山东威海期中)My partner wants to keep the company small _ Id like to expand it答案：while句意：我的合伙人想让公司保持小规模，而我却想扩大它。空格前后两个分句之间是对比关系，应该用while连接，意为“而，然而”。27(2019济南外国语学校高三月考)He had me stop and repeat the procedure two or three more times _ I grasped it 答案：until/till句意：他让我停下来并且重复了两三次这个过程，直到我掌握了它。根据句意，可知填until或者till。28(2019江西上饶高三检测)After 40 years of reform and openingup, China still has a long way to go _ it becomes a “developed economy”答案：before句意：经过40年的改革开放，中国在成为“发达经济体”之前还有很长的路要走。故填before。29(2018江苏高考)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be emailing each other, _ we will have developed more convenient electronic communication tools by then答案：for句意：很有可能到2025年我们不再互发邮件，因为那时我们将已经研发出更加便利的电子通讯工具。for是并列连词，表示原因。30(2018甘肃会宁联考)One can always manage to do more things, no matter _ full ones schedule is in life答案：how句意：无论一个人的生活日程有多么满，他总能设法做更多的事情。“no matter疑问词”引导让步状语从句，no matter how “无论多么”。二、单句改错1(2018全国卷)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed_答案：butand“我计划每两年回乡下一次”与“我父亲同意了”是并列关系，不表示转折，故将but改为and。2(2018全国卷)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life_答案：wherewhen根据后面的“I was a child”可知，“当我还是一个孩子的时候”，是一个时间状语从句，故将where改为when。3(2018全国卷)I didnt realize how right my parents were when I entered high school_答案：whenuntil句意：我直到进入高中才意识到我的父母是多么地正确。not until “直到才”。4(2018全国卷)Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep after you are very excited_答案：afterwhen句意：锻炼使你获得能量，因此当你兴奋的时候，很难放松并且获得一个安静的睡眠。when “当时”。5(2018人大附中高三考前热身)However you choose to do with your summer, try something new!_答案：HoweverWhatever句意：夏天无论你选择做什么，尝试新鲜事物吧！do后面缺宾语，故用whatever，而however后跟形容词或副词。6(2016全国卷)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area_答案：去掉but句意：餐馆虽然不大，却在我们这个区域很受欢迎。 though不和but连用，因though位于句首，故去掉but。7(2018江西省八校联考)My little brother is very smart that he is second to none in my hometown_答案：veryso句意：我的小弟弟如此聪明以至于他在我的家乡首屈一指。so that 引导结果状语从句。8(2016四川高考)Mom has a fulltime job, so she has to do most of the housework_答案：sobut句意：妈妈做全职工作，但是她得干大部分家务活。前后句之间为转折关系，故应用but连接。9(2018安徽合肥八中段考)Unfortunately I wont be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon_答案：althoughbecause/as句意：不幸的是，我不能去机场接你，因为我下午有课。根据句意可知，前后两个句子之间是因果关系。10(2019洛阳统考)She kept on turning back to see me unless we couldnt see each other any longer_答案：unlessuntil/tilluntil/till “直到”，引导时间状语从句。11(2018沈阳模拟)She did not speak to anyone but nobody spoke to her_答案：butand两个分句间为顺承的并列关系，故将but改为and。12(2018全国卷)After I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch_答案：AfterBefore句意：我还没有意识到这一点，一个小时已经过去了，并且到了去吃午饭的时间了。13(2018南昌模拟)One day, I was cooking in the kitchen as the telephone rang_答案：aswhenbe doing sthwhen “正在做某事这时”。14(2018全国卷)We love Mexican churros, but I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant_答案：butso句意：我们喜欢墨西哥小油条，因此我们通过电话从当地的墨西哥外卖餐馆中购买它们。空格前后是因果关系，而不是转折关系，故将but改为so。15(2018拉萨模拟)It isnt very cold, but you neednt bring many clothes with you_答案：butso由语境可知，前后两句为前因后果的关系，故用so连接。状语从句一、时间状语从句1when, while和aswhen引导的从句的谓语动词既可是延续性动词，也可是非延续