2009年高考英语阅读理解专项分类突破题库.doc.doc

嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用河北海兴中学2009年高考英语阅读理解专项分类突破题库（地理类）(1)DeathValleyisoneofthemostfamousdesertsintheUnitedStates,coveringawideareawithitsalkalisand.Almost20percentofthisareaiswellbelowsealevel,andBadwater,asaltwaterpool,isabout280feetbelowsealevelandthelowestpointintheUnitedStates.LongagothePanamintIndianscalledthisplace“Tomesha”thelandoffire.DeathValleyspresentnamedatesbackto1849,whenagroupofminerscomingacrossfromNevadabecamelostinitsunpleasantnessandhugenessandtheiradventureturnedouttobeasadstory.TodayDeathValleyhasbeendeclaredaNationalMonument(纪念碑)andiscrossedbyseveralwell-markedroadswheregoodservicescanbefoundeasily.Luckilythechangecreatedbyhumansettlementhashardlyruinedthespecialbeautyofthisplace.Herenaturecreatedalotofsurprising,almostlikethesightsonthemoon,ever-changingasthefrequentwindmovesthesandabout,showingthemostunusualcolors.OneofthemostastonishingandvariablepartsofDeathValleyistheDevilsGolfCourse,whereitseemshardforonetotellrealityfromterribledreams.Sandsculptures(沙雕)standonafrighteningground,aseveningshadowsmoveandlengthen.1._isthelowestplaceinthedesert.A.TomeshaB.DeathValleyC.NevadaD.Badwater2.Thenameofthevalleycomesfrom_.A.anIndiannameB.thedeathoftheminersC.thelocalpeopleD.aNationalMovement3.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat_.A.noonehadeverknownthedesertbeforetheminersB.itsstillnoteasytotravelacrossthedesertC.peoplecanfindgas-stations,cafesandhotelsinthedesertD.peoplehavechangedthenaturalsightofthedesert嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用4.DevilGolfCourseisfamousfor_.A.thefrequentwindB.thecolorsofthesandC.dream-likesightsD.thesandsculptures5.Fromthepassagewecanseethatthewriter_theDeathValley.A.appreciatesB.isfearfulofC.dislikesD.istiredof【答案解析】本文介绍了美国的一个著名沙漠“死亡谷”名称的由来以及“死亡谷”奇特的风光。1.D。细节题。根据andBadwater,asaltwaterpool,isabout280feetbelowsealevelandthelowestpointintheUnitedStates可推知此题答案为D。2.B。推断题。根据whenagroupofminerscomingacrossfromNevadabecamelostinitsunpleasantnessandhugenessandtheiradventureturnedouttobeasadstory可知“死亡谷”的名称来源于这些迷路矿工的死亡。3.C。推断题。根据well-markedroadswheregoodservicescanbefoundeasily可以判断C为最佳答案。4.C。细节题。根据whereitseemshardforonetotellrealityfromterribledreams可推知答案为C。5.A。推断题。根据thespecialbeautyofthisplacelikethesightsonthemoonever-changingshowingthemostunusualcolors等关键词语可以知道作者是带着赞赏的语气来描述“死亡谷”的。(2)TheErieCanalwasthefirstimportantnationalwaterwaybuiltintheUS.ItcrossedNewYorkfromBuffaloonLakeErieTroytoAlbanyontheHudsonRiver.ItjoinedtheGreatLakeswiththeAtlanticOcean.Thecanalservedasarouteoverwhichindustrialgoodscouldflowintothewest,andmaterialscouldpourintotheeast.TheErieCanalhelpedNewYorkdevelopintothenationslargestcity.ThebuildingofthecanalwaspaidforentirelybythestateofNewYork.Itcost$7143789,butitsoongaineditspricemanytimesover.Between1825,whenthecanalwasopened,and1882,whentollcharges(过运河费)werestopped,thestatecollected$121461891.ForahundredyearsbeforetheEriewasbuilt,peoplehadbeentalkingaboutacanalwhich嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用couldjointheGreatLakesandtheAtlanticOcean.ThemanwhoplannedtheErieCanalandcarriedtheplanthroughwasDeWittClinton.Thosewhowereagainstthecanallaughinglycalledit“ClintonsDitch(沟)”.Clintontalkedandwroteaboutthecanalanddrewupplansforit.HeandGovernorMorriswenttoWashingtonin1812toaskforhelpforthecanal,buttheywereunsuccessful.ClintonbecamegovernorofNewYorkin1817,andshortlyafterwards,onJuly4,1817,brokegroundforthecanalinRome,N.Y.Thefirstpartofthecanalwascompletedin1820.Asthecanalgrew,townsalongitscoursedevelopedfast.Thelengthofthecanalis363miles.1.WecanseethattheErieCanal_.A.joinedtheGreatLakestogetherB.crossedNewYorkfromnorthtosouthC.playedanimportantpartindevelopingNewYorkCityD.wasthefirstwaterwaybuiltintheUS2.Itcanbeinferredthat_intotheAtlanticOcean.A.theGreatLakesflowB.theHudsonRiverflowsC.LakeErieflowsD.theErieCanalflows3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheErieCanalbroughtprofitsofover$114,000,000.B.Its363milesfromtheGreatLakestotheAtlanticOcean.C.TheWestwasmoreadvancedthantheEastwhenthecanalwasbuilt.D.ManyotherstateshelpedNewYorkbuiltthecanal.4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Clintonbrokegroundforthecanalatbothends.B.Clintonstartedbuildingthecanalbeforehebecamegovernor.C.Allpartsofthecanalwerecompletedatthesametime.D.Constructionofthecanaltookeightyears.(14CBAD)【答案与解析】本文介绍了ErieCanal的作用及修建过程。1.C。细节题。根据文章第1段最后一句TheErieCanalhelpedNewYorkdevelopintothenationslargestcity及全段内容，可推知此题答案为C。嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用2.B。推断题。根据文章第1段第2句和第3句：运河fromBuffaloonLakeErieTroytoAlbanyontheHudsonRiver横跨了NewYork把theGreatLakes和theAtlanticOcean联系起来了可推知此题答案为B。3.A。推断题。通过比较文章第2段第2句Itcost$7,143,789和第2段最后一句中的thestatecollected$121,461,891可推知此题答案为A。4.D。推断题。根据文章最后一段第1句中的onJuly4,1817,brokegroundforthecanalinRome,N.Y.和第2段第2句中的Between1825,whenthecanalwasopened可推知此题答案为D。自然类(1)Thebluetits(山雀)havebeeninspectingthenest-boxagainthisyear.Themaleisthehouse-hunterbutthefemalewillmakethefinalchoice.Helandsattheholeandturnshisheadtoexposehiswhitecheeksasasignaltoattractthefemalefromwhereshehasbeenfeeding.Amongmanybirdsthatnestinholes,themalehasalight-colouredpatchonitsplumage(鸟羽)whichactsassignalfordrawingthefemalesattentiontoasuitablenesting-place.Unlikethebluetit,theredstart(红尾鸲)maybeonlythemalethatstrikinglycolouredandthefemaleisnotbeautiful.AfewyearsagoIwasluckyenoughtospotapairofredstartsinactioninaWalshwood.Themalewasleadinganinterestedfemaletoholesthathehadpreviously(先前)checkedout.Hesatattheentranceofeachholeandputhisheadontoshowoffhiswhiteforehead,orhisheadintoreveal(显露)histail.Ifthefemalefailedtoreacttohisvisualsignals,themalesometimessangforextraeffect,whileglidingtowardsheronspreadwingsandtail.Oncethefemaleacceptsbyfollowingthemalethroughtheholethedisplaysstop,youmustbeattherightplaceattherighttimetowatchthem.1.Howdothebluetitschoosetheirnest?A.Theychoosetheirnesttogether.B.Themalechoosestheirnest.C.Thehouse-hunterchoosestheirnest.D.Thefemalechoosestheirnest.嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用2.Thewriterwasluckytosee_.A.howthemalemadehistricksB.howaninterestedfemaleplayedwiththemalehappilyC.whatthemaledisplayedandwonthefemaleD.thatthemaletriedhisbestbutfailedtoattractthefemale3.YoucanspotapairofredstartsinaWalshwood_.A.atanytimeB.regularlyC.inAprilD.occasionally4.Thewriterisprobably_.A.abirdexpertB.abird-hunterC.abirdraiserD.ascientist【答案与解析】本文主要是讲themaleredstart是怎样使出浑身解数吸引thefemale入巢的。1.D。细节题。从第1段第2句话Themaleisthehouse-hunterbutthefemalewillmakethefinalchoice可以做出正确选择。2.C。判断题。从第3段第1句IwasluckyenoughtospotapairofredstartsinactioninaWalshwood和文章第三、四段的内容可知答案为C。3.D。语义理解题。根据AfewyearsagoIwasluckyenoughto和youmustbeattherightplaceattherighttimetoseethem可知答案为D。4.A。推断题。从文章内容来看，文中不仅提到了鸟的一些习性，而且对雄鸟如何吸引雌鸟入巢了解得很清楚，可见作者可能是一位研究鸟类的专家。(2)Althoughmanhasknownasbestosformanyhundredsofyears,itwasnotuntil160yearsagothatitwasminedforthefirsttimeontheNorthAmericancontinent.H.W.Johns,ownerofaNewYorkCitySupplyShopforroofers,wasresponsiblefor(对负责)theopeningofthatfirstmine.Mr.JohnswasgivenapieceofasbestoswhichhadbeenfoundinItaly.Heexperimentedwiththematerialandthenshoweditssurprisingpowerstohiscustomers.Afterputtingonapairofasbestosgloves,whichlookedmuchlikeordinaryworkgloves,hetookred-hotcoalsfromthefireplaceandplayedwiththeminhishands.Howastonishedthecustomersweretodiscoverthathewasnotburnedatall.Youcanwellimaginethathehadincreasingbusinessinasbestosroofing嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用materials.However,becauseitwasveryexpensivetotransport(carry)themfromItalytotheUnitedStates,Mr.Johnssentoutayoungscientisttoseekasourcenearerhome.Thisyoungmanfoundgreatvein(岩脉),intheprovinceofQuebecinCanada.Eversince1881Quebechasledtheworldintheproductionofthisunusualmineral,whichismadeupofmagnesium,silicon,iron,andoxygen.Whenitismined,theasbestosisheavy,justasyouwouldexpectamineraltobe.Whenitisseparated,astrangethinghappens；therockbreaksdownintofine,soft,soapyfibres(纤维).Scientistsdonotknowwhytherockcanbeseparatedeasilyintothreads(线),buttheyhavefoundthousandsofusesofthisfireproofmaterial,oftheso-called“clothofstone”.1.Whichtitlebestexpressesthemainideaofthispassage?A.AsbestosminedinCanadaB.FireproofmatterC.A“wonder”mineralD.Anewroofingmaterial2.Johnsprovedhisabilityasasalesmanby_.A.goingintoroofingbusinessB.carryingasbestosfromItalyC.sendingatrainedscientistD.showingtheuseofasbestosgloves3.Whichisthemostimportantcharacterofasbestosthattheauthorwantstoshowus?A.Itislikethread.B.Itfeelssoapy.C.Itburnseasily.D.Itisunusuallyheavy.4.Theauthorsmainpurposeinwritingthispassagewasto_.A.showtheneedformorescientistsB.compareasbestoswithothermineralsC.increasethesalesofasbestosD.presentfactsaboutasbestos【答案解析】本文讲述了耐火材料石棉在北美的开采过程及它的神奇耐火作用。1.C。主旨题。短文主要介绍了石棉的神奇作用。故C最佳。2.D。细节题。根据Afterputtingonapairofasbestosgloves,tookred-hotcoalsfromthefireplaceandplayedwiththeminhishands可推知，他是用当场演示的方法来推销他的产品的。故答案为D。3.A。推断题。根据Whenitisseparated,astrangethinghappens；therockbreaksdownintofine,soft,soapyfibres(纤维)及Scientistsdonotknowwhytherockcanbeseparatedeasilyinto嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用thread可以断定答案为A。4.D。推断题。从短文中可以看出来作者写这篇文章只不过陈述事实而已。历史类Everyobjecttellsastory.Eventhemostordinaryobjectscanpresenttouspowerfulimages.Sometimesitistheordinarynatureoftheseobjectsthatactuallymakesthemsoextraordinary.SuchisthecasewithanoldleathershoeinamuseuminAlaska.Atfirstglanceitdoesnotlooklikemuch.Itisawomansshoeofastylepopularinthe1890s.Butwhatisunique(独特的)aboutthisshoeiswhereitwasfound.ItwasdiscoveredontheCheckoutPass,thefamoustrailusedbythepeopleseekinggoldinAlaska.Whoitbelongedtoorwhyitwasleftthereisnotknown.Wasitperhapsdroppedbyaccidentasthewomanclimbedupthe1500stairscarvedoutface?Ordidshethrowawaygoodsthatshedidntneedinordertotravellighter?Over100,000peoplewith“goldfever”madethistriphopingtobecomemillionaires.Fewofthemunderstoodthatontheirwaytheywouldhavetocrossaharshwildness.Unpreparedforsuchadangerousjourney,manydiedofstarvationandexposuretothecoldweather.TheCanadiangovernmentfinallystartedrequiringthegoldseekerstobringonetonofsupplieswiththem.Thiswasthoughttobeenoughforapersontosurviveforoneyear.Theywouldcarrytheirsuppliesinbackpacks(背包)eachweighinguptofiftypounds；itusuallytookatleast40tripstogeteverythingtothetopandoverthepass.Whoeverdroppedtheshoemusthavebeenabraveanddeterminedwoman.PerhapsshewassuccessfulandmadeittoAlaska.Perhapsshehadtoturnbackindefeat.Noonewilleverknowforsure,butwhatwedoknowisthatshetookpartinoneofthegreatestadventuresinthe19thcentury.1.Theordinarywomansleathershoeisconsideredunusualbecause_.A.itwasanimportantcluetolifeinthepastB.itwasfoundonafamoustrailC.itatonetimebelongedtoaVIPD.itwasafashionableshoeatthattime2.Accordingtothispassage,manypeoplewhowenttoAlaska_.A.eventuallybecamemillionairesB.broughtwiththemmanyshoesC.hadconflictswiththeEskimosD.werenotproperlyequipped3.TheCanadiangovernmentmadegoldseekersbringoneyearssupplieswiththemsothat_.A.theywouldnotdieofhungerandcold嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用B.thearmywouldhaveenoughfoodforfightingawarC.theywouldchangethesegoodswiththeEskimosD.thesupplieswouldmakeAlaskarich4.Nomatterwhathappenedtothewomanwhoownedtheshoe,_.A.shemusthavelivedahappylifeB.shecertainlydroppedtheshoeonpurposeC.heradventurousspiritisdefinitelyadmiredD.herothershoeswereequallyfashionable【答案与解析】本文由在Alaska州博物馆所陈列的一只旧鞋而引出的对当时情况的介绍及表达了对这只鞋的主人敬佩之情。1.B。细节题。根据第1段中的Butwhatisuniqueaboutthisshoeiswhereitwasfound.ItwasdiscoveredontheCheckoutPass,thefamoustrail可推知此题答案为B。2.D。细节题。根据第2段最后一句Unpreparedforsuchadangerousjourney可推知此题答案为D。3.A。推断题。根据第2段最后一句及第3段第1句可推知此题答案为A。4.C。细节题。根据文章最后一句可推知此题答案为C。科技类(1)Withonlyabout1,000pandasleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclone(克隆)theanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies(物种).ThatsamovesimilartowhataTexasA&MUniversityresearchershavebeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalled“NoahsArk”.NoahsArkisaimedatcollectingeggs,embryos(胚胎),semenandDNAofendangeredanimalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen.Ifcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinct,Dr.DuaneKraemer,aprofessorinTexasA&MsCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine,saystherewouldbeenoughofthebasicbuildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuture.Itisestimatedthatasmanyas2,000speciesofmammals,birdsreptileswillbecomeextinctinover100years.Thepanda,nativeonlytoChina,isindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25years.Thisweek,Chinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducingcellsfromadead嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用嘉兴英语网收集整理欢迎使用femalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplanttheembryointoahostanimal.Theen