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1Unit7TextAChristmas圣诞节Christmasisareligiousholiday圣诞节是个宗教节日,ItiscelebratedonDecember25asthebirthdayofChrist每年12月25日基督生日,人们欢庆圣诞。MostchurcheshaveChristmasEveservices大多数教堂都举办圣诞夜宗教仪式,TheservicesusuallybeginjustbeforemidnightonChristmasEveandendearlyChristmasmorning这些仪式一般从圣诞夜开始,一直持续到圣诞节大清早。Itwasnotuntilthe4thcenturythatthechurchinRomebegantocelebrateChristmas直到公元4世纪,罗马教堂才开始庆祝圣诞。(作为汉译英考过了)Midwinterfestivalshadalwaysbeencelebratedbymanypeoples各族人一直都在冬天欢庆节日。Theapproachofthewintertime,asthedaysgrewshorterandcolderandthesunseemedtothreatentodisappearentirely,wasatimeoffear冬天是个让人害怕的时节,天变短了,变冷了,太阳好像有全部消失的危险。Buttheshortestdayalsomeantthatwinterwasleavingandthataheadwerespring,但白天最短也意味着冬天即将离去,春天就要来了,thewarmthofthesunandthereturnofvegetationtothefields温暖的阳光,田野里植物返青也不远了。Christmasisafamilyholiday圣诞节是个家庭节日。Stores,2postoffices,banks,andbusinessesclosefortheday店铺、邮局、银行、商行都要关门。SchoolsandcollegesclosebetweenChristmasandNewYearsDay中小学和大学在圣诞和新年间放假一周。Peoplestayathomeandspendthetimewiththeirfamilies人们在家里和家人团聚,EverybodytriestocomehomeforChristmas每个人都努力赶回家过圣诞。PeoplesendcardsorChristmasgreetingstotheirfamiliesandfriends人们给家人和朋友寄上贺卡,表达圣诞的祝福。SomefamiliessendandgetdozensofChristmascardsthroughthemail有些家庭要通过邮局寄送和接收成打的贺卡,Theywishtheirfriends“AMerryChristmasand“AHappyNewYear”祝愿朋友“圣诞快乐”、“新年快乐”。Thedaybeforethevacationbegins,放假的前一天,schoolshaveChristmaspartiesandprograms学校要举行圣诞聚会,表演节目。ThechildrensingChristmassongsandreciteChristmaspoems孩子们唱圣诞歌曲,朗诵圣诞诗篇,TheytrimtheirChristmastreeswithstringsofcoloredlightsTheyputglassornamentsonthetrees用一串串的彩灯装饰圣诞树。Theythrowlittlepiecesofwhitepaperoverthetreesandputwhitepaperorawhitesheetaroundthefeetofthetrees,sothattheyseemtobecoveredwithsnow他们把玻璃装饰品挂在树上,把白纸片撒在树上和周围,用白纸包住圣诞树的底部,仿佛白雪皑皑。3SometimestheyhangChristmascookiesandlittlecandiesaroundthem有时,他们也挂上圣诞点心和糖块。TheuseofmistletoeaspartofChristmasdecorationsdek装饰品inprivatehousesiscommonintheUnitedStates美国家庭普遍用榭寄生作为圣诞节装饰的一部分。Aspringisfastenedtoachandelierinthelivingroomandtheyouthsregarditastheirprivilegetokissanyprettyyounggirlwhowittinglyorunwittinglystandsunderit把一个弹簧系在起居室的枝形吊灯上,小伙子们把亲吻有意无意地站在树下的漂亮姑娘看做他们的特权。KissingunderthemistletoeoriginatedinBritainintheearly17thcentury这一风俗源于17世纪的英国,Thecustomwasforaberrytoberemovedfromthebough报everytimeagirlwaskissedunderit最初是这样的:每当树下一个姑娘被亲吻时,人们就会从圣诞树枝上拿走一个浆果,Whenalltheberrieshadbeenremovedthekissingcametoanend浆果拿没了,亲吻活动也就结束了。LittlechildrenhanguptheirstockingsonChristmasEveneartheirbeds,小孩在圣诞夜把长筒袜挂在床边,andtheybelievethatwhentheyareasleep,他们相信睡着的时候,SantaClauswillcometovisitthem圣诞老人就会来看他们。HecomesdownfromtheNorthPoleanddrivesabigsled圣诞老人驾着大雪橇从北极来,Inthesledaretoysforallthegoodchildren雪橇上放着给好孩子准备的礼4物。Eightlittlereindeerpullthesledtherethroughtheair八头小驯鹿在空中拉着雪橇,Santagetsoutwhenhecomestotheroofofthechildrenshouse到孩子家房顶时,圣诞老人走下雪橇,Hecomesdownthechimneywithabagoftoys背着大口袋,顺着烟囱到屋里。Ifthechildrenhavebeengood。要是孩子表现好的话;hewillfilltheirstockingswithcandies。他就会用点心、水果、玩具塞满长筒袜。fruitsandtoys,andhealsoputssometoysunderthetree树下,圣诞老人也放些玩具。OnChristmasmorning,圣诞节清早,childrenlookintotheirstockings孩子们看各自的长筒袜内有什么,TheyopentheirChristmaspackagesandexaminetheirgifts他们打开圣诞包,看收到了什么礼物。UsuallythewholefamilyhasabigChristmasdinnerintheafternoonorevening一般来说,在下午或晚上,整个家庭要好好地吃顿圣诞家宴。TheChristmasdinner,whichissimilartotheThanksgivingfeast,这顿家宴和感恩节的宴席差不多,istraditionallydistinguishedbyaplumPuddingdessert传统的特色是要有葡萄干、布丁甜食。SometimesAmericanfamiliestrimtreesoutsidetheirhomes有些美国家庭也要修剪装饰户外周围的树,Theyputelectriclightsinatreegrowingnearthedoorandatnight,theyturnonthelights.在门口的树上挂起电灯,晚上打开电灯。ManytownshaveverylargeChristmastreessetupoutdoorsintheparks许5多城镇在公园内的露天场地上都竖起很大的圣诞树。Inmanyruralsectionsofthecountryandinsectionsofsomecities,在一些乡间和城市的地方,candles,placednearthewindows,人们把蜡烛放在窗口,lightthepathsofsingerswhogofromhousetohousesinging为挨家挨户唱圣诞歌曲的歌手照明道路。TheairisfilledwithChristmassongs,空气中弥漫着圣诞的歌声,andthestoresaredecoratedinredandgreen,thetraditionalChristmascolors商店也装饰得红红绿绿这是圣诞的传统颜色。DozensofSantaClauseswelcomethecustomers许多圣诞老人招呼着顾客。ThecommonpeoplehavecreatedlegendsofSantaClausasasymboloftheirdeeploveforchildren普通群众创造了关于圣诞老人的各种传说,以表达对孩子深深的爱意。However,thebusinessmenandtheadvertisingcompaniesonthemainroadshaveturnedSantaClausintoacoldcommercialattraction主要街道两旁的商人和广告公司则把圣诞老人当作了冰冷的商业诱惑。ChristmasisthebiggesttimeforsellinggoodsandAmericannewspapersandmagazinesmakeacountdownbeforeChristmas:圣诞节是最繁忙的销售季节,美国各报纸杂志在圣诞节前纷纷打出倒计时牌,“TwentyoneshoppingdaysbeforeChristmas,twentydaysbeforeChristmas”“距圣诞节还有621天购物时间”,“距圣诞节还有20天购物时间”,“Employyourtime,fortimeglidesonwithspeedyfoot”“抓紧时间购物,时间转瞬即逝”。CLOZEClozePleasepayattentionthattherearemorewordsthanarenecessary.lightshangingleaveexchangeornamentscardsnearchurchcourtsstockingsundershoppingundertraditionalfunManypeopleexchangepresentsandsendChristmascardstotheirfamilyandfriendsTheyopentheirpresentsonChristmasEveorChristmasmorningOftentheyleavethebrightlywrappedpackagesunderChristrunsTreesandchildrenhavefunforguessingwhatspecialsurprisesareinstoreforthemAsthecolorfulcardsarrive。AmericansenjoyhangingthemontheChristmastrees在圣诞节,许多人交换礼物,给家人寄送贺卡。他们在圣诞节前夜或圣诞节早上打开礼物。通常,他们把这些色彩绚烂的礼包放在圣诞树下,孩子们猜测包中有什么,从中获得乐趣。收到五颜六色的贺卡后,美国人喜欢把它们挂在圣诞树上。ManyfamiliesgotochurchonChristmasEveorChristmas7morningThentheycomehometoenjoyatraditionalChristmasdinnerTheirfavoritecoursesareturkey,goose,andplumpuddingBeforegoingtobedchildrenhangtheirstockingsbytheirbeds,hopingsomecandlesandtovswillbegivenbySantaClaus许多家庭在圣诞前夜或圣诞节上午去教堂,然后回家享用传统的圣诞家宴。他们最喜欢的菜是火鸡、鹅和葡萄干布丁。睡觉之前,孩子们把长筒袜挂在床边,希望圣诞老人会给他们送来糖果和玩具。TextBThanksgivingDay感恩节(已出过英译汉了2006-04)ThanksgivingDaycomesonthefourthThursdayinNovember感恩节是11月的第四个周四。Everyyear,thepresidentwritesalettertothepeople每年,美国总统都要给美国人民一封信,HewritesthatthefourthThursdayinNovemberwillbeanationalholiday信中说,11月的第四个周四是全国性的节日。Allthestoresbanks,schoolsandofficesclose。这一天,所有商店、银行、办公场所都不上班。ThepeoplecanspendThanksgivingDaywiththeirfamilies人们同家人欢庆感恩节。WhenthePilgrimslandedin1620nearCapeCod,Massachusetts1620年,英国首批清教徒在马萨诸塞的科德角附近登陆。theirfirstyearwasveryhard他们在美洲的第一年非常艰难,Thewinterwasmuchcolderthantheywereusedtoand8manypeopledied冬天很冷,他们不习惯,许多人死了。Fortunately,theIndianswerefriendlytothemTheyshowedthemhowtoplantcornandhelpedthemwithfishingandtrapping幸运的是,当地印地安人对他们很友好,教给他们怎样种玉米,帮他们打猎、捕鱼。Conditionsbegantoimproveinthespringof1621ThePilgrimsplantedalargecropandinthefall,theyhadagoodharvest1621年春天,情况有了好转,清教徒们种了很多庄稼,秋天获得了大丰收。Besides,therewerealotofwildvegetablesandfruitsFishandgamewereplentiful除此之外,当地野菜、野果很多,鱼和猎物也应有尽有。Therefore,theywereabletogetenoughfreshmeatdespitetheirlackofskillorexperienceinhuntingandfishing虽然他们打鱼、狩猎的技能和经验并不多,但也能够吃上足够的鲜肉。Theirhealthimprovedwiththewarmweatherandtheirbetterdiet随着天气变暖,食物增多,他们的健康状况也有了好转。Inthefall,theylookedoverthepastyearandwerebothregretfulandthankful秋天时回想过去的一年,这些清教徒们既感到遗憾,又充满感激。OnlyfiftyoftheoriginalonehundredpassengersremainedThepriceinhumanlivesandthetragedyhadbeengreat最初的一百人仅活下来一半,生命和所遭受痛苦的代价十分巨大。0ntheotherhand,theysawnewhopeforthe9future另一方面,他们看到了未来的希望,Theywerehappyandthankful既感到高兴,又充满感激。Theyknewtheyhadenoughfoodfo

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