毕业论文-ngw型行星齿轮减速器行星轮的设计

目录一绪论31引言32本文的主要内容3二拟定传动方案及相关参数41机构简图的确定4齿形与精度4齿轮材料及其性能5三设计计算51配齿数52初步计算齿轮主要参数6（1）按齿面接触强度计算太阳轮分度圆直径6（2）按弯曲强度初算模数73几何尺寸计算84重合度计算95啮合效率计算10四行星轮的的强度计算及强度校核11强度计算11疲劳强度校核151外啮合152内啮合19安全系数校核20五零件图及装配图24六参考文献25一绪论1引言渐开线行星齿轮减速器是一种至少有一个齿轮绕着位置固定的几何轴线作圆周运动的齿轮传动，这种传动通常用内啮合且多采用几个行星轮同时传递载荷，以使功率分流。渐开线行星齿轮传动具有以下优点传动比范围大、结构紧凑、体积和质量小、效率普遍较高、噪音低以及运转平稳等，因此被广泛应用于起重、冶金、工程机械、运输、航空、机床、电工机械以及国防工业等部门作为减速、变速或增速齿轮传动装置。渐开线行星齿轮减速器所用的行星齿轮传动类型很多，按传动机构中齿轮的啮合方式分为NGW、NW、NN、NGWN、ZU飞VGW、WW等，其中的字母表示N内啮合，W外啮合，G内外啮合公用行星齿轮，ZU锥齿轮。NGW型行星齿轮传动机构的主要特点有重量轻、体积小。在相同条件下比硬齿面渐开线圆柱齿轮减速机重量减速轻1/2以上，体积缩小1/21/3传动效率高传动功率范围大，可由小于1千瓦到上万千瓦，且功率越大优点越突出，经济效益越高装配型式多样，适用性广，运转平稳，噪音小外齿轮为6级精度，内齿轮为7级精度，使用寿命一般均在十年以上。因此NGW型渐开线行星齿轮传动已成为传动中应用最多、传递功率最大的一种行星齿轮传动。2本文的主要内容NGW型行星齿轮传动机构的传动原理当高速轴由电动机驱动时，带动太阳轮回转，再带动行星轮转动，由于内齿圈固定不动，便驱动行星架作输出运动，行星轮在行星架上既作自转又作公转，以此同样的结构组成二级、三级或多级传动。NGW型行星齿轮传动机构主要由太阳轮、行星轮、内齿圈及行星架所组成，以基本构件命名，又称为ZKH型行星齿轮传动机构。本设计的主要内容是单级NGW型行星减速器的设计。二拟定传动方案及相关参数1机构简图的确定减速器传动比I6,故属于1级NGW型行星传动系统。查渐开线行星齿轮传动设计书表41确定2或3。从提高传动装置PN承载力，减小尺寸和重量出发，取3。PN计算系统自由度W332321齿形与精度因属于低速传动，以及方便加工，故采用齿形角为20，直齿传动，精度定位6级。齿轮材料及其性能太阳轮和行星轮采用硬齿面，内齿轮采用软齿面，以提高承载能力，减小尺寸。表1齿轮材料及其性能齿轮材料热处理LIMHN/MMLIMFN/MM加工精度太阳轮350行星轮20CRMNTI渗碳淬火HRC586214002456级内齿轮40CR调制HB2622936502207级三设计计算1配齿数采用比例法21ACBAAPZMZIIZIN25A按齿面硬度HRC60，查渐CAU/62/2开线行星齿轮传动设计书图47A的，。取MAX0Z130AZ。17AZ由传动比条件知YI1762AM/3102/34计算内齿轮和行星齿轮齿数1785BAZ234C2初步计算齿轮主要参数（1）按齿面接触强度计算太阳轮分度圆直径用式进行计算，式中系数32LIM1APHDAATDTKU，U417CAZ太阳轮传递的扭矩APAT95P/N95430/1954NM则太阳轮分度圆直径为32LIM32195415082176807410APHDAATDTKU表2齿面接触强度有关系数代号名称说明取值TDK算式系数直齿轮768A使用系数表65，中等冲击125PHK行星轮间载荷分配系数表72，太阳轮浮动，6级精度105H综合系数表64，高3PN精度，硬齿面18D小齿轮齿宽系数表6307LIMH实验齿轮的接触疲劳极限图6161400以上均为在书渐开线行星齿轮传动设计上查得（2）按弯曲强度初算模数用式进行计算。1132LIM1AFPFATMDTKYZ由，2LI212LIM145843067350FAFFYNA所以应按行星轮计算模数232LIM329541507162451256AAFPFATMDTKYZ表3弯曲强度有关系数符号名称说明取值TMK算式系数直齿轮121FP行星轮间载荷分配系数1510FPHPK1075FK综合系数表64，高精度，161AY齿形系数图625，按X0查值3182F齿形系数图625，按X0查值245以上均为在书渐开线行星齿轮传动设计上查得若取模数，则太阳轮直径，6M17602MADZMA与接触强度初算结果接近，故初定按10376MAD，进行接触和弯曲疲劳强度校核计算。1085MAD3几何尺寸计算将分度圆直径、节圆直径、齿顶圆直径的计算值列于表。表4齿轮几何尺寸齿轮分度圆直径节圆直径齿顶圆直径太阳轮102AD102AD14AD外啮合行星轮内啮合4C4B26C内齿轮510BD510BD498ABD对于行星轮，各主要参数及数据计算值列于表。表5行星轮几何尺寸名称代号数值齿数CZ34模数M6压力角20分度圆直径D204MM齿顶高AH6MM名称代号数值齿根高FH75MM齿全高H135MM齿顶圆直径AD216MM齿根圆直径F189MM基圆直径BD19170MM齿距P1884MM齿厚S942MM齿槽宽E942MM4重合度计算外啮合AAACMZ26175263410248ROS51COS0572RARA241CCACACRMZDDRAATNTTNAN059AACZZ内啮合BBBCMZ2685226341024978ROS5COS075121RAAR2CCABBCCMZDDAATNTATNT34A2712085A40TAN641BBZZ5啮合效率计算1XBABAXI式中为转化机构的效率，可用KYP计算法确定。查图33A、B（取006，因齿轮精度高）得各啮合副的效率为，0978XAC097XCB转化机构效率为0984CB转化机构传动比517AXABZI则11509847XBABAXI四行星轮的的强度计算及强度校核强度计算图1断面几何参数行星轮可归结为受内外载荷的封闭圆环，其弯曲半径与断面厚度之比，属于大曲率圆环，弯曲中性层不通过重心，相距为E。5/H当轴承装在行星轮内时，其轮缘减薄，若时，在载荷作用下有较大3/MH变形。此变形对齿轮弯曲强度和轴承的承载能力有显著影响，应准确且计算。但在设计时由于轴承上载荷大小和分布规律不清楚，而难以计算。这里设想轴承中反力按余弦规律分布，并且不考虑离心力对轴承载荷的影响，作一简化计算。图2计算简图及弯矩分布表6行星轮轮缘强度计算公式外载荷危险断面的弯矩1COS42TTTTTTIFQHMGNDKTRPAAHTGF2TT1危险断面的轴向力轮缘外侧弯曲应力637057960T21HTGFNISNHEM11MIN22AX在与内、外齿中心轮啮合处分别有一组相等且对称的载荷圆周力、径TF向力和对弯曲中心的力矩。在圆周力相背的一半轴承上作用有按余RFTTTF弦规律分布的径向分布力。载荷计算式如表6。IQ内力素弯矩在两个啮合节点，即断面1处达最小值，在与断面1成M断面处达最大值。这两个断面的弯矩、和轴向力、的计算式90M21N2列于表6。最大、最小应力都发生在轮缘的外侧，为弯曲应力、轴向应力和离心应力之和。内力素及应力计算公式列于。其中离心力产生的应力20G式中齿轮材料的比重；3PN重力加速度；G齿轮的绝对角速度；SRAD/352602轮缘断面重心位置的曲率半径。0使用表6中的公式时，要从实际断面尺寸换算出一个相当矩形断面，才能较准确的求出应力的大小和位置。相当断面的惯性矩为2MINIASI式中实际断面对OX轴的惯性矩和断面面积；MINISI、系数，按经验公式确定A167430546203250INH不计轮齿时的断面厚度；MINHMINH齿轮模数。相当断面的宽度取为轮缘的实际宽度B，其高度H、面积S、断面系数W分别为实际断面尺寸10D72孔，B36057263955123BHWHSH072,98207MIN3MINBI164652INIAS断面的弯曲半径为；，而E025707396257100SIE528/9731022MNG断面上承受最大、最小应力处到断面重心的距离为和。先决定内侧H，则，。9825H29H480H数据计算圆周力7310254TKNNDKTFPAA径向力0287TTGR力矩4548TTMHM径向分布力MKNIFQTT/COS14502COS5681437COS4TTT危险断面的弯矩170652684013721805268013882032483949TTTT1MNTGHGFMT危险断面的轴向力KNTGHTGFI27456803725079625637057960T21轮缘外侧弯曲应力/9512/760211MIN22AXMNSHEM疲劳强度校核1外啮合（1）齿面接触疲劳强度用式，0HAVHHPKK01THEFUZDBA计算接触应力，用式计算其许用应LIMINNPLVRWXHS力。三式中的参数和系数取值如表。HP接触应力基本值0H012187235125189002N/MTHEFUZDBA接触应力H0282515014105109N/MAVHHPKK许用接触应力HPLIMIN21403105810312597N/MHNPLVRWXZZS故，接触强度通过。HP表7外啮合接触强度有关参数和系数代号名称说明取值AK使用系数按中等冲击查表65125V动载荷系数，6级精度04561XAXDNV，查图65B7AZ1005HK齿向载荷分布系数查图66得0,3DPN，取，124HK076HWK，由式（625）得7E01246714HHHE1114HK齿间载荷分配系数按，6级精度，硬齿面，查图691P行星轮间载荷不均衡系数太阳轮浮动，查表72105HZ节点区域系数0,ACACXZ查图61025E弹性系数查表6718982NMZ重合度系数，查图611160089螺旋角系数直齿，1TF分度圆上的切向力A301T954928647NMPNT2035302FAPD1872353NB工作齿宽B714MDA72MMU齿比数342CZ2NZ寿命系数按工作10年每年365天，每天16小时计算应力循环次数8607610LAXPNNT103LZ润滑油系数HRCHV713,V0445M/S,查表810用中型极压油，250M/VS105V速度系数查图620088RZ粗造度系数按，8,24ZR查图6131008ZZA21103WZ工作硬化系数两齿轮均为硬齿面，图6221XZ尺寸系数M61MINHS最小安全系数按可靠度查表68125LI接触疲劳极限查图6161400以上均为在书渐开线行星齿轮传动设计上查得（2）齿根弯曲疲劳强度齿根弯曲疲劳应力及其许用应力，用下式计算。并对行星轮进行FFP校核。00,TFAVFFPFSNKKYBMLIMRINSTNFPRELTRELXFYY行星轮02187235416807196N/MTFCFCSNBAA02128351076107518643N/MFCFCAVFFPKKALIMRIN2245109614530721N/6FCSTNFPCRELTCRELTCXYYAAAA故，弯曲强度通过。FCFPCAA表8外啮合齿根弯曲强度的有关参数和系数代表名称说明取值FK齿向载荷分布系数由，B/M12，查图60124HK23得，由式（638）得F0124976FWEK1076FK齿间载荷分配系数FHK1P行星轮间载荷分配系数按式（743），1515007PP1075FCYA行星轮齿形系数，查图625,34CCXZ245S行星轮应力修正系数查图627168重合度系数式640,0257/198Y0719NTY弯曲寿命系数87610LN1S试验齿轮应力修正系数按所给的区域图取时LIMFLIMF2RELTCA行星轮齿根圆角敏感系数查图635096RRELTY齿根表面形状系数，查图63624ZR1045MINFS最小安全系数按高可靠度，查表6816以上均为在书渐开线行星齿轮传动设计上查得2内啮合齿面接触疲劳强度同外啮合齿面接触疲劳强度所用公式相同，其中与外啮合取值不同的参数为HNLU5,Z,07,Z1,03,Z8,VRWZ104,101202LIMIN873251258907044N/M25150141075316/THEHAVHPHNPLVRWXFUZDBKZZSA265010381041239/故，接触强度通过。HP以上计算说明齿轮的承载能力足够。安全系数校核行星传动中的齿轮轮缘内外侧任一点上的应力都在之间变动，且MINAX和为交变应力，故其强度计算以进行疲劳安全系数校核为宜。当齿轮传递的转矩在轮缘内产生很大切应力时，同样应进行扭转疲劳强度校核。其安全系数分别按下式计算S、1SYSBMNABNA式中齿轮材料的抗拉强度和抗扭强度，对于近似计算可B、取；BB680齿轮材料的弯曲和扭转对称循环疲劳极限，一般取1、；111605443，B正应力和切应力的应力幅，A、PJAKWT2MINAXT中心轮上作用的扭矩；扭转净截面模量；PJWK考虑应力循环特性的计算系数K1（对称循环）或K2（脉动循环）；正应力和切应力的平均应力M、对称循环或脉动循环021MINMAX材料的对称循环极限应力对实际轮缘的折算系数，、按下式计算SXRY1弯曲和扭转的有效应力集中系数。当齿轮材料Y、Y的时，取读图可得。2/750MNB0，表面光洁度系数。查表可得。R表面强化系数。查表可得。SY绝对尺寸系数。查表可得。X、寿命系数，与材料种类、硬度和应力循环次数有关，NLN当齿面硬度时350HB6N104LY当齿面硬度时96LN当循环次数时取；计算结果时取6104L1NY71NY；对于扭转计算，一般取等于整个使用期间的起动71NYL次数；对于弯曲计算查表可得。L许用安全系数，当只进行弯曲计算时，一般取S、；对于扭转计算，可按下式计算总安全系数S2的值SS2一般取；当材料性能可靠、载荷计算准确时，61可取。53S表9安全系数的有关参数和系数参数数值备注Y177由图920（A）可得R12由表915可得S2由表916可得X066由表917可得YSXR1492607B1100AMP机械设计（第八版）表101高等教育出版社A539AMINAX21A1P473B4301M5668AMMINAX2M149见上表中。YN1时取6104LN1NYS2259BMNAYS1以上均为在书渐开线行星齿轮传动设计上查得，安全。故S五零件图及装配图图3行星轮图4装配体图行星轮的工程图六参考文献1马从谦，陈自修，张文照，张展，蒋学全，吴中心渐开线行星齿轮传动设计M机械工业出版社,19872孙恒,陈作模,葛文杰机械原理M7版北京高等教育出版社20103濮良贵,纪名刚,陈国定,吴立言机械设计M8版北京高等教育出版社,20114任继生,唐道武,马克新机械设计机械设计基础课程设计M中国矿业大学出版社,2009您好，为你提供优秀的毕业论文参考资料，请您删除以下内容，O_O谢谢ALARGEGROUPOFTEAMERCHANTSONCAMELSANDHORSESFROMNORTHWESTCHINASSHAANXIPROVINCEPASSTHROUGHASTOPONTHEANCIENTSILKROAD,GANSUSZHANGYECITYDURINGTHEIRJOURNEYTOKAZAKHSTAN,MAY5,2015THECARAVAN,CONSISTINGOFMORETHAN100CAMELS,THREEHORSEDRAWNCARRIAGESANDFOURSUPPORTVEHICLES,STARTEDTHETRIPFROMJINGYANGCOUNTYINSHAANXIONSEPT19,2014ITWILLPASSTHROUGHGANSUPROVINCEANDXINJIANGUYGURAUTONOMOUSREGION,ANDFINALLYARRIVEINALMATY,FORMERLYKNOWNASALMAATA,THELARGESTCITYINKAZAKHSTAN,ANDDUNGANINZHAMBYLPROVINCETHETRIPWILLCOVERABOUT15,000KILOMETERSANDTAKETHECARAVANMORETHANONEYEARTOCOMPLETETHECARAVANISEXPECTEDTORETURNTOJINGYANGINMARCH2016THENTHEYWILLCOMEBACK,CARRYINGSPECIALTYPRODUCTSFROMKAZAKHSTANASMALLARTTROUPEFOUNDEDSIXDECADESAGOHASGROWNINTOAHOUSEHOLDNAMEINTHEINNERMONGOLIAAUTONOMOUSREGIONINTHE1950S,ULANMUQIRARTTROUPEWASCREATEDBYNINEYOUNGMUSICIANS,WHOTOUREDREMOTEVILLAGESONHORSESANDPERFORMEDTRADITIONALMONGOLIANMUSICANDDANCESFORNOMADICFAMILIESTHE54YEAROLDWASBORNINTONGLIAO,INEASTERNINNERMONGOLIAANDJOINEDTHETROUPEIN1975HESAYSTHEREARE74BRANCHTROUPESACROSSINNERMONGOLIAANDACTORSGIVEAROUND100SHOWSEVERYYEARTOLOCALNOMADICPEOPLE“ICANSTILLRECALLTHEDAYSWHENITOUREDWITHTHETROUPEINTHEEARLY80SWESATONTHEBACKOFPICKUPTRUCKSFORHOURSTHESKYWASBLUE,ANDWECOULDNTHELPBUTSINGTHEFOLKSONGS,“NASUNSAYSTHEVASTNESSOFINNERMONGOLIAANDTHELACKOFENTERTAINMENTOPTIONSFORPEOPLELIVINGTHERE,MADETHEIRLIVESLONELY“THENOMADICPEOPLEWEREVERYEXCITEDABOUTOURVISITS,“NASUNRECALLS“WEDIDNTHAVEAFORMALSTAGETHEAUDIENCEJUSTSATONTHEGRASSUSUALLY,THEPERFORMANCESBECAMEABIGPARTYWITHLOCALPEOPLEJOININGIN“FORHIM,THEREWARDINGPARTABOUTTOURINGISNTJUSTABOUTSHARINGARTWITHNOMADICFAMILIESBUTALSOABOUTGAININGINSPIRATIONFORTHEMUSICANDDANCEULANMUQIRLITERALLYTRANSLATESAS“REDBURGEON“,ANDTODAYSPERFORMERSOFTHETROUPESTILLTOURTHEREGIONSVILLAGESANDENTERTAINNOMADICFAMILIES,BUTTHEIRFAMEHASSPREADAROUNDTHEWORLDONMAY16AND17,NEARLY100SINGERSANDDANCERSFROMTHETROUPEPERFORMEDATBEIJINGSPOLYTHEATERTHEIRSHOW,TITLEDULANMUQIRONTHEGRASSLAND,DEPICTEDTHEHISTORYANDDEVELOPMENTOFTHEARTTROUPE“BEINGFROMTHEREGIONALLOWEDMETOEMBRACETHECULTUREOFINNERMONGOLIAANDBEINGAMEMBEROFTHETROUPESHOWEDMEWHEREIBELONGED,“NASUN,THEARTTROUPESPRESIDENT,WHOISALSOARENOWNEDTENOR,TELLSCHINADAILYDURINGATOURIN1985,HEWENTTOAVILLAGEANDMETANELDERLYLOCALMAN,WHOTOLDHIMASTORYABOUTHISFRIENDSHIPWITHASOLIDERFROMSHENYANG,CAPITALOFNORTHEASTCHINASLIAONINGPROVINCE,DECADESAGOTHESOLIDERGAVETHEOLDMANAHANDMADESADDLEWHENTHEYBIDFAREWELLTHESTORYINSPIREDNASUNTOWRITECARVEDSADDLE,ASONGTHATLATERBECAMEONEOFHISMOSTPOPULARNUMBERSNOW,EVERYYEAR,NASUNRECRUITSYOUNGSINGERSANDDANCERSFORTHETROUPETHETROUPEHASALSODESIGNEDANEWREPERTOIRE,WHICHISMOSTLYBASEDONTHEDAILYLIVESOFMONGOLIANPEOPLE,ESPECIALLYTHELIVESOFNOMADICFAMILIES,ANDHASCOMBINEDCONTEMPORARYMUSICALELEMENTSWITHFOLKSONGSOFTHEREGIONHAIMU,A25YEAROLDKHOOMEIALOCALVARIANTOFOVERTONESINGINGSINGER,JOINEDTHETROUPETHREEYEARSAGOALONGWITHASIXMEMBERBAND,HEPERFORMSFASTSONGSANDSOFTONESTHATHEWRITESALLWHILEPLAYINGTHEHORSEHEADFIDDLE“ALTHOUGHILEARNEDTHEPIANOSINCECHILDHOODANDGREWUPLISTENINGTOVARIOUSKINDSOFMUSIC,TOME,THEFOLKMUSICOFINNERMONGOLIAISTHEROOT,“HESAYS“PERFORMINGINREMOTEVILLAGESISPLEASANTIFEELATHOMEONTHEBOUNDLESSGRASSLANDS,ANDTHEWARMPEOPLETHEREMAKEMEFEELFULFILLED“THEFIRSTROUNDOFSPRINGAUCTIONSEASONINBEIJINGENDEDLASTWEEK,BUTITFAILEDTOCREATEMUCHSPRINGINTHEARTMARKETALTHOUGHTWOPIECESOFCHINESEPAINTINGFETCHEDMORETHAN100MILLIONYUAN,THEDECLINEINTRADINGVOLUMEANDSALERATESHOWEDADOWNTURNTHISYEARINTHE“GRANDVIEWCHINESEPAINTINGHIGHLIGHT”SESSIONATCHINAGUARDIAN2015SPRINGAUCTIONS,PANTIANSHOUSREPRESENTATIVEWORKEAGLE,ROCKANDFLORAHITARECORDAUCTIONPRICEOF279MILLIONYUAN,WHILELIKERANSMASTERWORKJINGGANGMOUNTAINFETCHED1265MILLIONYUAN,ANUNEXPECTEDHIGHINRECENTYEARSHOWEVER,THETRADINGVOLUMEFELLSTO187BILLIONYUANFROM222BILLIONYUANINTHESAMEPERIODTHEYEARBEFORETHEHUANGCHEN2015SPRINGAUCTIONS,WHICHRECORDED425MILLI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