中考英语专题12主谓一致(解析版)

1、专题12主谓一致本章节内容1.语法一致原则2 .意义一致原则3 .就近原则一、语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。1 .当and连接两个或多个名词或bothand连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Tom and Mike are good friends.Tom 和 Mike 是好朋友。Both Lucy and Lily are students.Lucy 和 Lily 都是学生。2 . either,neither,each one,the other,another,anybody

2、,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone, everybody,everything,nobody,no one,nothing 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Is there anything wrong with your bike?你的自行车有什么毛病吗？Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家者B为运动会做好了准备。3 .each,each.and each,everyand every.作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Each boy and each girl was gi

3、ven a new book.每个男孩和女孩者B收至U了本新书。4 .在下列Z构中，谓语动词的形式和前面的A部分保持一致。(togetii erwithal on ui til(或 with)besidesbut/except)aswellasincluding ratherth an Jik#A+B+谓语动词+.1 .The boy together with his parents goes to the museum once a week.那个男孩同他的父母一起每周去一次博物馆。2 .The captain,as well as the other players,was tired.

4、队长还有其他运动员都感到累了。3 .The wallet,with the ID card and money,was lost.钱包，连同身份证和钱，都丢了。5 . “ one,every one,each one,any one,each,either,neither +of+ 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Every one of the students is studying hard.每个学生都在用功学习。Neither of the girls is pretty.这两个女孩儿都不漂亮。6 . “a number of+数名词”意为 许多/大量”作主语时，谓语动词用复数

5、形式；"the number of复数名词” 意为“的数量”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。A number of trees are cut down.许多树被砍倒了。The number of the students in our class is 32.我们班学生人数为32。7 . "a lot of/lots of/plenty of/most of+名词”和 分数或百分数+of+名词”等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取 决于名词，如果是不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。Lots of people have been th

6、ere before.以前彳艮多人去过刃BJL。Most of the computers are bought from Beijing.大部分电脑都是从北京买来的。Two-thirds of the water has been polluted.三分之二的水已经被污染了。8 .由“®air/a kind.+of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs/kinds.+of+数名词”作主语时，谓 语动词用复数形式。A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table.桌子上有一副太阳镜。Fifteen pairs of shoes ar

7、e made each day每天制作 15 双鞋。9 .某些只有复数形式的名词(如clothes,trousers,shorts,pants等)作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。My pants are worn out.我的裤子穿坏了。10 .不定式或v.-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Reading is learning.读书就是学习。To see is to believe.眼见为实。用所给词的适当形式填空 Everyone except Tom and John(be)there when the meeting began.(2) Neither of the two br

8、others (live)with their parents. Playing baseball(be)Dale ' s favourite sport.【答案】1.was2.lives3.is二、意义一致原则意义一致又叫概念一致，即谓语动词是单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。1 .集体名词如 family,crew,crowd,company,audience,committee,government,group 等作主语时，谓语动词的数要 根据主语的意思来决定。如果表示整体概念，则谓语动词需用单数形式；如果表示集体中的成员，则谓语动词用 复数形式。Class Twelve

9、 was first in the sports meeting.（指整体）在运动会中,12 班是第一名。Class Twelve are doing morning exercises in the playground指构成整体的成员)12 班正在操场上做早操。2 .集体名词如people,police等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，但clothing,traffic,furniture等无生命的集体名 词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。The police are helping a girl find her mother.警察正在帮助一个女孩儿找妈妈。There isn ' t

10、 any traffic on the road at the momenta儿路上没有车辆往来。3 .表示度量、价格、时间、长度等的名词复数或词组作主语时，一般被看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式。Three years is a long time.三年是一段很长的时间。Fifty yuan was paid to Mr Green.付给格林先生 50 元钱。4 .有些专有名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。The United States is on the south of Canada.美国在加拿大南边。5 .主语形式为复数而意义却为单数，如news,works(工厂)等或一些学

11、科名称，如physics,politics,maths等，谓语动词需用单数形式。Physics is my favourite subject.物理是我最喜欢的科目。用所给词的适当形式填空1The whole class(be)greatly moved by his words.2The Chinese badminton team(be)playing magnificently.3The police(be)looking for the murderer.4His Selected Poems(be)first published in 1965.5I think physics(be

12、)much more useful than maths.【答案】1.were2.is3.are4.was5.is三、就近原则1 .由either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but also.连接并列主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语一致。Neither Tom nor I like this film.Tom和我都不喜欢这个电影。2 .在there be或here be句型中，如果有并列的名词作主语，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语一致。There is a girl and four boys in the room.房间里有个女孩JL和四个男孩JL。There are f

13、our boys and a girl in the room 房间里有四个男孩JL和个女孩JL。题组训练用所给词的适当形式填空1 .Not only students but also their teacher(object)to the plan.2 .There(be)some Chinese and three Americans in the travelling team.3 .Here(be)a letter and two books for you.【答案】1.objects2.are3.is练一练1. 一 Why are you late, Jim?Because the

14、re a lot of traffic when I came here.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】C【解析】考查主谓一致。由后面的"when I came here.可'以确定主句用一般过去时态；there be句子的主语是traffic为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，故本题答案为 Co2.1. He his classmates.1. get along well with B. get well with C. is getting along well with D. is get well with【答案】C【解析】考查主谓一致。本题

15、用排除法先排除不合适的选项。句子主语是he,后面的动词如果是一般现在时态要用第三人称单数，先排除 A、B两项；D项中is和get不能这样写在一起也排除，故答案为 Co3. In order to eat safely, I think we make some food by ourselves instead of buying some.A. used toB. prefer to C. had betterD. are supposed to【答案】C【解析】考查短语辩词。句意为：为了吃的安全，我想我们最好不要买而是自己做食品。used to习惯于prefer to 更喜欢"；

16、had better 最好“；are supposed to 应该结合句意选择 C。4. There a football match and a concert this weekend. Which one would you like to go?A. isB. areC. will beD. will have【答案】C【解析】 考查there be结构。由时间状语this weekend和which one would you like to go?可知，句子要用一般 将来时态；这是个there be结构的句型，故选 C。5. Each of the club members rea

17、dy to help those who were in trouble.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】C【解析】考查主谓一致。"each of格词"作主语谓语动词用单数；后面句子who were in trouble中谓语用一般过去时态，前面空格上也要用一般过去时，故本题答案为 Co6. David, there a dictionary and some books on your desk. Please put them away.A. isB. areC. have【答案】A【解析】考查there be结构。There be结构通常用就近

18、原则。因最近的主语是a dictionary,因此谓语动词用is。7. Lady Gaga is famous her beautiful voice.A. asB. withC. for【答案】C【解析】考查短语搭配。be famous for为固定短语，意为 以出名”。8. Thanks to the organization, some money given to the poor children.A. wasB. wereC. are【答案】A【解析】考查主谓搭配。句子中some money作主语且为不可数名词，谓语动词要用单数。故选 A。1.1. A woman with two

19、 children along the street at the moment.A. is walkingB. are walkingC. walkD. walks【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致。句子的主语是a woman,谓语动词用单数，结合 at the moment此刻”，句子要用现在进行时，故选 A。10. Yao Ming is famous playing basketball,A, toB. asC. forD. between【答案】C【解析】考查短语搭配。be famous for为固定短语，意为 以出名”。11. 一 Your sweater looks very nic

20、e. What ade ' sitm ? Wool, and it ' s made Guiyang.A. from, onB. of, inC. of, onD. from, in【答案】D【解析】短语的固定搭配。be made of后接的名词看得出原材料；be made from后接的名词经过化学反应，看不出原材料；be made in后产地。因此选择 D答案。1.1. Judy with her brother computer games when her mother came back.A. were playing【答案】CB. are playingC. was

21、 playingD. is playing【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。表示过去的某个时间段或时间点正在发生动作，用过去进行时，只 能选A或C;谓语动词要与介词 with前的主语保持一致，故选 C答案。13. I have great in learning math and I am so worried.A. troubleB. interestC. fun【答案】A【解析】考查词义辨析。根据f am so worried.我很担心”可知，前面是 遇到麻烦”。A意为 麻烦”；B意为 兴 趣”；C意为快乐”，故选Ao14. Summer holiday is coming, Li Lei

22、 with his father to go to Shanghai.A. wantB. will wantC. wants【答案】C【解析】考查主谓一致。句意为：李磊想和他妈妈一起去上海。句子主语是Li Lei ,谓语用单数形式，结合句意，空格上映用一般现在时，故选Co15. In our hospital, the number of women doctors larger and larger.A. isB. areC. beD. been【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致。the number of意为“的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，故选 A。16. Both Li Lei an

23、d Han Meimei fond of the TV program A Bite of China.-I am also deeply moved by its stories!A. isB. amC. wasD. Are【答案】D【解析】。Both Li Lei and Han Meimei作主语，谓语动词使用使用复数形式，排除 A、C;根据答语可知时 态为一般现在时，故选 D。17.something wrong with my bike. Can I use yours?A. It is【答案】CB. It wasC. There isD. There was【解析】考查there

24、be句型的用法。句意为 我的自行车有些毛病。”时态为一般现在时，排除 D,故选C。18. Between the two hills a deep river.A. areB. haveC. hasD. isa deep river,可知，谓语动词用【解析】考查主谓一致。根据句意：在两座小山之间有一条深深的河。根据单数。相当于 There is a deep river between the two hills.20. There many students on the playground at the moment.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】B【解析】考查

25、主谓一致。many students,故there be句型用复数；根据 at the moment”,意为 此刻，目前“，相当于now,故选B。21. Mum, I ' m hungry.no milk in the fridge.Oh, I ' ll go and buy some at once.A. There isB. It isC. There are【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致。句意为冰箱里没有牛奶。" milk是不可数名词，be应该使用单数形式，故选 Ao22. 一 A number of volunteers willing to teach in China' s rural areas.一Yes, the number is getting .A. is; bigger and biggerB. are; bigger and biggerC. is; more and moreD. are more and more【答案】B【解析】考查主谓一致和形容词比较级的用法。a n