1018英语状语从句修改后

1、 状 语 从 句时时 间间 状状 语语 从句从句引导词引导词例示例示asAs the time went on Einsteins theory proved to be correct.whenCan you spare me 5 minutes when its convenient?whileWhile I stayed in France, I made many friends.afterHe changed his address after he left Beijing.beforeIt may be many years before the situation improv

2、es.sinceMr Green has taught in that school since he came to China.onceWe didnt know how wed cope once the money had gone.by the time (that)截止到截止到By the time he was 10, he had begun to make his living. 注意当从句用过去时，主句则用过去完成时。directly, immediately, instantlyI went home directly I had finished work.as soo

3、n as一一就就As soon as I arrive in America, Ill write to you.注意当主句是将来时，从句要用一般现在时。引导词引导词例示例示no soonerthan一一就就No sooner had she said it than she burst into tears.规则：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。主句需倒装。hardly/scarcely when 一一就就We had hardly sat down to supper when the phone rang.Hardly had I got home than it began to

4、rain. 规则：放句首时主句需倒装，主句需用过去完成时，从句需用一般过去时。The instant/minute/momentWe hadnt met for 20 years, but I recognized her the moment I saw her.any/next timePlease come here any time you are free.(ever) sinceIts been years since I enjoyed myself so much.We have been friends ever since we met at school.till/unt

5、ilThe baby didnt stop crying until the mother came in. the first/second time (that)The first time I saw him, I fell in love with him.every/each time每次每次Each time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.whenever,no matter whenI told him to come back whenever he wants to.1.时间状语从句时间状语从句：1) 由由as, wh

6、ile引导时，表示主句和从引导时，表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，或一个动作在另一个动句的动作同时发生，或一个动作在另一个动作或状态的过程中；作或状态的过程中；2) 由由after, when引导时，表示主句动引导时，表示主句动作在从句动作之后作在从句动作之后; 3) 由由before, when引导时，表示主句引导时，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前；动作发生在从句动作之前； 4) 由由whenever, every / each time引导时，表引导时，表示主句动作以从句动作为条件而发生；示主句动作以从句动作为条件而发生；We can leave when you are ready. 你什

7、么时候准备好，我们就可以动身了你什么时候准备好，我们就可以动身了5) 由由as soon as引导时，表示主句动作发生在引导时，表示主句动作发生在从句动作的一瞬间之后（注意：从句动作的一瞬间之后（注意：the moment，the instant，the second，the minute都可都可做连词用，意思是做连词用，意思是as soon as。）。） The moment I saw him, I knew that he was angry with me. 我一见到他，就知道他在生我的气。 6) 由由just/ hardlywhen, no sooner than引导时，表示主句动作

8、引导时，表示主句动作发生在从句动作一瞬间之前。发生在从句动作一瞬间之前。 No sooner had we left home than it began to rain. 刚一离开家就开始下雨了。 When as while 区别 一、一、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而短暂性动词连用；而while和和as只能和延续性只能和延续性动词连用。动词连用。 1. Sorry，I was out when you called me（call为短暂性动词）为短暂性动词） 对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 2. St

9、rike while the iron is hot （is为延续性动词）趁热打铁。为延续性动词）趁热打铁。 3. The students took notes as they listened（listen为延续性动词）为延续性动词） 学生们边听课边做笔记学生们边听课边做笔记 二、二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和和as从从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。发生。 1从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 When

10、he had finished his homework，he took a short rest When I got to the airport，the guests had left. 2从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。都可使用。 When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in. When While As she was making a phonecall，I was writing a letter. 3当主句、从句动作

11、同时进行，从句动作当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，。这时，as常表示常表示“随着随着”；“一边一边，一，一边边”之意。之意。 As the time went on，the weather got worse The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting as she was crying 4在将来时从句中，常用在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。须用一般时代替将来时。 You shall

12、 borrow the book when I have finished reading it在我读完这本在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。书后，你可以借阅。 When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。谈谈此事。 原原 因因 状状 语语 从句从句引导词引导词例示例示becauseI didnt go, because I was afraid.as既然既然As the weather is so bad, we h

13、ave to delay our journey.since既然既然Since we dont have class now, why not sing a song?forHe must be ill, for he is absent today.now (that)既然既然Now that the semester is finished, Im going to rest a few days and take a trip.in thatLiquids are like solids in that they have a definite volume.for fear (that

14、)以免以免 Shut the window for fear (that) it may rain.whereas鉴于鉴于Whereas the incidents have occurred, we should be cautious. 2 原因状语从句 由由because, as, since, for或复合连接词或复合连接词now that，since , in that等引导。等引导。 because因为；因为；表直接原因表直接原因，回答，回答why的的提问；一般放主句之后，也可单独存在：提问；一般放主句之后，也可单独存在： We stayed at home because it

15、rained. 因为下雨我们呆在家里。因为下雨我们呆在家里。as由于，鉴于；由于，鉴于；主从并重主从并重，从句说明原因，从句说明原因，主句说明结果；为常用词：主句说明结果；为常用词： As it was late, I made haste to go. 由于晚了，我赶紧走了。由于晚了，我赶紧走了。 for因为，由于；表明因为，由于；表明附加或推断的理由附加或推断的理由，引导的分句前常有逗号，引导的分句前常有逗号，for分句不放句首：分句不放句首： He must be ill, for he is absent today. 他一定病了，因为他今天缺席了。他一定病了，因为他今天缺席了。 si

16、nce既然，因为。侧重主句，从句表示既然，因为。侧重主句，从句表示显显然的或已知的理由然的或已知的理由。 Since you ask, I will tell you. 你既然问，你既然问，我就告诉你我就告诉你。 This book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and that one about history. Now that /Since you are here, have a good talk with him.地地 点点 状状 语语 从句从句引导词引导词例示例示whereWher

17、e there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。wherever= no matter whereWherever you work, you will gain much valuable experience as long as you are willing to work.everywhereEverywhere they went, they were kindly received.anywhereIll take you anywhere you like.我将带你到你喜欢的任何地方。3 地点状语从句地点状语从句 由由where, wherev

18、er引导。跟在不及物动词引导。跟在不及物动词后面后面 或及物动词加宾语后面或及物动词加宾语后面. Ill go where I am most needed. I will find you wherever you are.条条 件件 状状 语语 从句从句引导词例示ifIf winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？unlessLets go out for a walk unless you are too tired.if only 只要只要但愿，要是就好If only I had known it, I wouldnt ha

19、ve troubled him. only if 只有只有只是当时（才）Only if we persist in carrying out the open-door policy will we achieve greater success in every field.once一旦China will shake the world once it awakens.in case假如，以防Ill leave you my phone number in case you want to contact me.as/so far as至于，就而言So far as I know, the

20、re is no such word in Chinese.as/so long as只要As long as it doesnt rain, we can play.on condition that条件是，只要You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat.4 条件状语从句条件状语从句 由由if(如果如果), as (so) long as, provided（假（假如）如）, on condition that（条件是）（条件是） 和和unless引导。引导。条件状语从句分为两大类：真实条件句和条件状语从句分为两大类：真实条件句

21、和虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句。 Provided that you go, I will go, too. He might pardon you on the condition that you pay him a visit. If 引导的真实条件句和非真实条件句引导的真实条件句和非真实条件句1) 真实条件句真实条件句（主将从现）（主将从现） 主句：主句： if从句从句: a. 一般将来时一般将来时 一般现在时一般现在时 b. can, may, must+do E.g.:If it doesnt rain tomorrow, I will go to Beijing with you. 2

22、) 非真实条件句非真实条件句 a. 主句：过去将来时（主句：过去将来时（would +do) If 从句：一般过去时从句：一般过去时 If I were you, I wouldnt go out with him.b. 主句：过去将来完成时主句：过去将来完成时（would/could/should have done) If 从句：过去完成时（从句：过去完成时（had done) If you had told me about your difficulties, I would have helped you.目目 的的 状状 语语 从句从句引导词引导词例示例示so that 以便，为了

23、以便，为了Take this medicine so that you can recover soon.吃了这药，以便你康复得更快。in order that以便以便She raised her voice loud in order that she might be heard.她提高音量以使人能听见她。lest以防以防He wrote the name down lest he (should) forget it.他把名字写下来，以防忘记。注意从句中的虚拟语气in case以防，以免以防，以免Take an unbrella, in case it rains.for fear th

24、at以防以防He is working hard for fear that he should fail. 注意从句中的虚拟语气5目的状语从句目的状语从句 由由so that, in order that, in case, lest等引等引导。导。I got up very early so that I could catch the early train. He took an umbrella with him in order that he wouldnt get wet in the rain.结结 果果 状状 语语 从句从句引导词引导词例示例示so+形容词形容词(副词副词)

25、 + thatThe wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.风刮得那么大，我们简直寸步难行。so+形容词形容词+a(an)+名词名词+that It was so hot a day that even the crops withered.天气极度炎热，连庄稼都枯萎了。such+a(an)+形容词形容词+名词名词+thatHe made such an inspiring speech that everybody got excited.他的演讲如此鼓舞人心，大家都非常激动。so thatHe didnt abide by

26、 the contract, so that he was fined.他没有遵守条约，因此被罚了款。6 结果状语从句结果状语从句 由由sothat, suchthat等引导。等引导。 (1)“soadj./adv.that”， “soadj.(a/an) n.that”； (2)“such(a/an)(adj.)n.that”。 1.so只能修饰单数可数名词，这个时候可只能修饰单数可数名词，这个时候可以与以与such 互换。互换。 so clever a boy = such a clever boy 2.如果修饰可数名词的复数，或不可数名如果修饰可数名词的复数，或不可数名词，就要用词，就要

27、用such. such clever boys such nice weather 3. 但如果碰到但如果碰到many, much, few, little这四这四个词，就必须用个词，就必须用so. so many students so much money so few students so little money 让让 步步 状状 语语 从句从句引导词引导词例示例示although/ thoughI had a very good time though I didnt know anybody at the party.even if/thoughEven though/if yo

28、u say so, I do not believe it. as尽管尽管Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.asas尽管尽管As popular as he is, the president hasnt always managed to have his own way.much asMuch as I admire his courage, I dont think he acted wisely.while/whereas虽虽然，尽管然，尽管He is experienced while /whereas h

29、e is young.他虽然年轻，但却很有经验。whetheror无无论论还是还是Whether it rains or not, I shall go out for an outing tomorrow. 不管下不下雨，我明天都要去郊游。wh-+ever=no matter wh-No matter when you call on me, you are welcome.However carefully I explained, she still didnt understand.7让步状语从句让步状语从句1)由由though, although, even if, even tho

30、ugh, while, however, no matter how/ what/ who等引导。注意对让步状语从句的等引导。注意对让步状语从句的掌握要注意以下几点内容。掌握要注意以下几点内容。A. 使用使用though, although时，务必避免时，务必避免与与but连用。连用。B.even if, even though和和as if, as though不同。后者常常要求使用虚拟语气。不同。后者常常要求使用虚拟语气。 2) Adj.+as +sb/sth+is/was, 也可以用来表也可以用来表示让步。示让步。 Young as she is, she performs very w

31、ell in the competition.as引导的倒装句表示让步引导的倒装句表示让步 结构结构例示例示形容形容词词+ as +主语主语+谓语动谓语动词词Oldest in our workshop as he is, he works hardest.尽管他是我们车间最年长的人，但他工作最卖力。(最高级不用the)副词副词Much as I admire her, I cannot excuse her faults.尽管我很尊敬她，但不能原谅她的错误。分词分词Praised as he was, he remained modest. 他虽受到表扬，但仍很谦虚。短语短语Change y

32、our mind as you will, you will gain no additional support. 即使你改变主意，你也不会得到更多的支持。名词名词Child as he is, he is knowledgeable.尽管他是个孩子，可是知识广博。动词动词+ as+主主语语+助助动词动词Fail as he did, he would never stop trying.尽管他失败了，但他永不放弃努力。although 引导让步状语从句时不能倒装，引导让步状语从句时不能倒装，as 引导让步状语从句时必须倒装，引导让步状语从句时必须倒装，though 引导让步状语从句时可以倒

33、装引导让步状语从句时可以倒装,也可以不倒也可以不倒装。装。如： 虽然很晚了，但我们还是继续工作。 正：Late as though it was，we still went on working. 正：Though it was late，we still went on working. 误：Late although it was，we still went on working . 误：As it was late，we still went on working. 比比 较较 状状 语语 从句从句引导词引导词例示例示than比比Light travels faster than sou

34、nd. 光传播的速度比声音快。(not) asas(不不) 像像一样一样We will give you as much help as we can.我们会尽可能地帮助你。(not) the same as(不不)同同一样一样My stand on the case is just the same as it was 4 years ago.在这件事上的我的立场同4年前一样。the the越越越越The higher you go, the less dense air becomes. 8比较状语从句比较状语从句 由由than, the morethe more, asas引导。引导。

35、As A is to B, so C is to D. As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。方方 式式 状状 语语 从句从句引导词引导词例示例示(just) as如如When at Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。as if/though好好像像He looks as if he had been hit by lightning.他那样子就像被闪电击了似的。like像像一样一样Dont talke to me like you talk to a chi

36、ld.the way像像一样一样I shall do the job the way my father did.我将像我父亲那样做这项工作。练 习 1. Go and get your coat. Its_ you left it.A. there B. where C. there were D. where the 2. _he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The manner 3. _ the sports meet will be held depen

37、ds on the weather.A. When ever B. If C. Whether D. That 4. The problem is_ he has enough time.A. if B. whether C./ D. that 5. The news_ Tom won the game made us excited. A. which B. that C. when D. what6. He made a promise_ he would help me.A. what B. when C. that D. which 7. I remember_ this used t

38、o be a quiet village.A. how B. when C. where D. what 8 Rubber differs from plastics _ it is produced naturally and not in file lab. A. at that B. in that C. for that D. with that 9. Well be only too glad to attend your party _ we can get a baby-sitter. A. so far as B. provided that C. unless D. exce

39、pt that10. _ I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they cannot be solved. A. When B. As C. While D. Since真题演练 1 is not known what they discussed in the meeting.（2001） A. That B. HeC. ThisD. It 2 who would like to go on the trip should put their names on the list.（2001） A. Those B. These

40、 C. Somebody D. The ones 3 She pulled away from the window（ ） anyone should see them.（2001） A. lest B. even though C. unless D. only if 4 Radio is different from television in（ ） it sends and receives pictures.（2001） A. which B. thatC. whatD. this 5 Take this baggage and you can find enough room.(20

41、01) A. put it which B. put it in which C. put it at whereD. put it wherever6 that son is well again, you no longer have anything to worry about.(2002) A. SinceB. NowC. When D. After7 The reason why the car stopped was .(2003) A. because the road was not good B. that the road was not good C. due to t

42、he bad road D. because of the bad road 8 The first-year students were learning from the army in Miyun, a suburb of Beijing near I lived.(2003) A. what B. whereC. thatD. which 9 I tried to get out of the business, I found impossible.(2003) A. who B. whichC. thatD. what 10 All is a continuous supply o

43、f fuel oil.(2003) A. what is neededB. that is needed C. the thing is neededD. for their needs 11So far there is no proof people from other planets do exist.(2004) A. whichB. howC. whatD. that 12 It is only through practice one will be able to swim skillfully.(2004) A. whatB. whoC. thatD. which 13 We

44、 can separate the mixture into the pure chemical compounds it is composed.(2004) A. in which B. of what C. of which D. from which 14 They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan three months ahead of time, is something we had not expected.(2004) A. thatB. whatC. it D. which 15 Although Anne is happy with her success she wond