2020届英语高考短文改错专题训练

xxx公司文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度2019届英语高考《短文改错》专题训练解题技巧第一步

必须熟悉设错方式1.必须熟悉设错方式：多词、少词、错词。⑴多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。⑵少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。⑶错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。2.平时应加强基本功训练，用一个“错题集”本把自己或同学在书面表达中出现的错误归纳一下，以便考前复习。第一步加强基本功训练短文改错与书面表达一样，最能反映一个人的语言功底。大家在该题上失分最厉害，因为此题而影响英语总成绩的占大多数。第二步对全文宏观把握大家应把改错内容当作一篇小短文来理解，这样能对短文有个宏观把握，对上下文有全面的了解。在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读，分析判断，上下兼顾，把明显的、拿的准的题先做完，这样可以缩小包围圈，也有助于对全文的进一步理解。第三步从语法角度审查1.查看时态是否一致。Myfavoritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourfootballteam.全文都是用的一般现在时，此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符，应改为am。2.查看主谓是否一致。Anyonemayborrowbooks,anditcostnothingtoborrowthem.cost应改为costs，因其主语是it(为形式主语)，且上下文均为一般现在时。3.查指代是否一致。TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.句中的主语theSmiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代词his应改为their。4.查平行结构是否平行一致。由and,or,but,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...,aswellas等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。Itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddrovemetotheirhome.句中的drove显然与and前面的tomeet不平行，应改为drive。5.查名词的单复数与修饰词语或上下文是否一致。Westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasMaths,Chinese...quiteafew只能修饰复数名词，故subject应改为subjects。6.查行文逻辑是否一致。Mostpeoplecanquicklygethelpfromadoctororgotoahospitalsincetheyareill.根据行文逻辑，这里不应该由since来引导原因状语从句，而应该是when/whenever或if来引导时间或条件状语从句。第四步十大常见错误短文改错是有一定的规律可循的，纵观近几年的高考试题及我们平常的模拟考试，可以发现短文改错主要有以下十大错误：1.形容词与副词的误用。如exciting与excited，hard与hardly，possible与possibly，here与there等，以及形容词与副词的比较级与最高级。2.名词的单复数误用。如在several，many，various，different，afew，oneof等之后，常用名词的复数，在every与each之后常用单数。3.代词的误用。如you与your，it’s与its，it与they或them，one与ones，宾格(如me)与反身代词(如myself)等的误用。4.介词的误用、缺少或多余。常见的如in与on，to与for，instead与insteadof，because与becauseof等的误用。5.时态的错误。看一篇文章，要有一种大局观，要上前下挂，看看上下文的时态是否一致。6.连词的误用。如or与and的误用，and与but的误用，so与but的误用，because或since与so连用，though与but连用等。7.第三人称单数后的动词形式。8.一些固定结构的误用。如so...that被误用作very...that，too...to被误用very...to，as...as被误作so...as等。9.定语从句中关系词的误用。10.一些常用词的误用。如what与how，except与besides，any与some以及它们的合成词如anything与something，anywhere与somewhere等混淆不清。第五步验证答案改完后，要回过头来重读一遍全文，查看改过后是否能使语气通顺，时态一致，合乎逻辑。再次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力，仔细推敲，使答案更加准确。第六步要多读多背增强语感在平常的学习中一定要注重语感的培养，英语学习的根本任务是学习语言，而学习语言的根本在于学习和习得语感。语感一旦形成，就为英语学习打下了良好的基础。语言是学出来的，所以要学好语言，一定要多读多背，尤其是背，它是语言习得最重要的途径之一。真题训练1.(2019·广东一模)Duringmylastsummerholiday,Igotothecountrysidetoenjoymyself.Isawmotherbirdstayinhernestinabigtree,watchingsomeofherbabyflyingaway.Ithoughtshemustbeveryproudofherchildren,thatwereabletofindherownfoodnow.Butshemightalsofeelasenseoflosssincetheywouldn'tneedofherday-to-daycareanylong.Formyparents,thingsaremucheasier.Wehavesetupourfamilyblogtopostingourphotosandjournals.OnceIleaveforcollege,wecanconvenientshareourexperiencesbutsupporteachother.Their“nest"willneverbeempty.2.(2019·广州一模)Ropeskippingisasportsuitableforpeopleofallage.Peopleskipropeforfunandexercise.Everystudentareabletolearntoskip.Youcanskipaloneorwithyourclassmates.Ifyouskipalone,youwillneedshortropeaboutdoublethelengthofyourhigh.Youshouldturntheropeslowsothatyoucanskipsafely.Itmighthelpwithifyoucansingarhymewhileskips.Whenyouskiprope,yourheartbeatsfastthanusualandyourbodyisstressed.Therefore,stopforarestafteryouinjureyourself.So,pickuparope,findingasillyrhymeandstartskipping.3.(2019·安徽黄山二模)I’mwritingtocongratulateyouofyourwinningfirstprizeintheEnglishshortnovelcompetitionrecently.ImustsaythatIamnotsurprisedwhenIheardfromthegoodnews.IknowthatyouhavepractisedwrittenEnglishnovelsinthepastyears.I’mdelightedtoseeeffortshavefinallypaidoff.Bytheway,IamalsofondofwritingshorterpassagesinEnglish.WhatupsetsyoumostisthatIsometimescan’tfindsuitablewordorexpressionstomakemyselfunderstood.Wouldyoubekindenoughtogivemeafewadviceonimprovingthissituation?

Congratulationsagain.Ihopetogetyourreplyasearlyaspossibly.4.(2019·广东中山一中、仲元中学等七校高三一联)Lastweekend,afterpayavisittothecityofNewYork,IvisitedtheSmithsonianInstitutionsNationalAirandSpaceMuseum,whereliesinWashington,D.C.Themuseum,whichcoversaareaof18,000squaremeters,ismadeof24exhibitionhalls.Variousoldinstrumentsthatfamouspilotsandastronautsusedandallkindsofplanes,rocket,missilesandspaceshipsofimportantareondisplay.Inaddition,Iseecopiesofsomesatellitesandaircraft.Moreinterestingly,Itriedoperatingonsomeaircraftbymyself.Duringthevisit,Itooklotsofpicturesaswell.Thisbriefvisithelpedmyselflearnmuchaboutthehistoryofhuman’sspaceexploration.Itmadememoreinterestinginscienceandtechnology.5.(2019·河南林州一种高三7月调考)Iwenttothesupermarketyesterday.Whilewalkaround,Inoticedacreditcardonthefloorbychances.Ipickeditupandwaitedforanowner.Noonecomes.Suddenly,aladywithananxiouslylookrushedin.SoIapproachedherandaskedwhyshehadlostsomething.Iaskedhernamebutconfirmedthatitmatchedthecard.ThenIreturnedtoher.Shesaidshehadprayedtohermother,whohadpassedawayrecently,tohelpherfindthecard.WetalkedandIintroducedformyself,“MynameisClaire.”Sheresponded,“Mymother’snameisClaireeither!”6.(2018·安徽合肥高三质检二)LastSaturdayourclasswenthikinginacountryside.Wemeetatourschoolgateandsetoffat8:00a.m.Ontheway,weweresingingandlaughinghappilywhileagirlsuddenlyfellintoadeephole.Shefeltsofrighteningandevenburstintotears.Oneofmyclassmatefoundalongropeandwefinallygothimout.Fortunately,shedidn’tsufferseriouslyinjuries,butitseemedthatherankleslightlytwisted.Wemanagedtosendinghertothenearesthospital.Itisanexperiencewe’llneverforget,thoughwedidn’tenjoyforourselvesverymuchthatday.7.(2018·江西赣州高三一模)MynameisLiMing,astudentstudiedinGanzhouNo.18MiddleSchool.IameagerbecomeavolunteerinyourgroupandIcanworktillmynexttermbegins.Ihavearealtalentonsinging.Igetthefirstprizeinthesingingcompetitioninourschoollastyear.Therefore,Icanteachchildrenwhentosingsongs.Besides,Iplaythepianoverywell,whatwillhelpalotinmywork.Iamalwaysbereadytohelp.Helpingotherpeoplemakesmyselfhappy.IbelieveIcanmakefriendwiththechildren.IhopeIamfortunatelyenoughtobeamemberofyourgroup.8.(2019·山东枣庄二中一模)Onedaylastmonth,agroupofAmericanstudentarrivedinShanghai.Iwasoneofthem.AftersaygoodbyetomydearparentsatNewYorkAirport,Istartedmylongjourney.Thatwasmyfirstjourneyabroad!HowexcitingIfeltwhenIgotonboard.WeleftShanghaitoTaierzhuangAncientTowntopayavisit,largestAncientTowninChina.FromtherewetookabustoBeijing,thatisthecapitalcityofChina.WewereexchangestudentsandsendtothecountrybytheirgovernmenttolearnChineseinBeijingfortwelvemonths.Fromthefirstfewlessons,wefoundtheteacherstherereallyworkedhardly,andIamsureofeverythingwillgowellinthenextmonths.9.(原创)Lastmonth,PaulandIwenttoclimbthemountainnearourschool.Whenwereachedinthetopofthemountain,wefelttiredandsatdownrest,drinkingsomewater.Afewminutelater,Istoodupandsuddenlyfoundabirdnestinasmalltree.Outofcuriosity,Islowlyloweredatreedownandnoticedthreewhiteeggs.JustasIwasreachingforit,P