山西省长治市城区第一中学2021年高三英语测试题含解析

山西省长治市城区第一中学2021年高三英语测试题含解析一、选择题1.Itisunwisetopursueeconomicdevelopment_____theenvironment.A.inreturnfor

B.inchargeofC.asaresultof

D.atthecostof参考答案：D2.—Wouldyouliketocomeuptomyapartmentfordinnertonight?

—_____,butI’mtoobusy.

A.Noproblem

B.I’dloveto

C.Allright

D.Thankyouallthesame参考答案：B3.—Wouldyoutakethisalongtotheofficeforme?—

.

A．Withpleasure

B．That’sright

C．Nevermind

D．Don’tmentionit参考答案：A4.

He____asoldierforthreeyears.Now,heworkswithABCCompany.

A.was

B.willhavebeen

C.wouldbe

D.hasbeen参考答案：A5.It’stoomessyinyourroom.Look,bythewashingmachine

apileofdirtyclothes.

A．arelied

B．lay

C．arelying

D．lie参考答案：D略6.HernephewsareveryhappywiththeirgiftsboughtontheInternet,

arebetterthanitemssoldlocally.A.that B.which C.whose D.what参考答案：B7.—Soyousawtheaccidentwithyourowneyes?—Yes.Iforthebusacrossthestreet.A.waswaiting B.havebeenwaitingC.hadbeenwaiting D.wouldwait参考答案：A——那么你是亲眼看见这起事故的?——是的。那时我正在街对面等公交车。根据语境可知,事故发生时(过去时间点),答话人正在街对面等车,故要用过去进行时,表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。8.clothes

A.says

B.buses

C.watches

D.dishes参考答案：A9.Hisfirstbook

nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.A.published

B.tobepublished

C.topublish

D.beingpublished参考答案：B考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词做后置定语，由时间状语nextmonth可知所填非谓语动词表示将来的动作，用动词不定式，其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词book,不定式与逻辑主语是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，选B。10.Boldt'sbreakingtheworldrecordof100-meterracewasanexcitingmoment,__allofuswillneverforget.A.one B.that

C.when

D.what参考答案：A11.28一Ifyoulike,Icandosomeshoppingforyou

---That'sverykindofyouforyour____

A.service

B.offer

C.point

D.suggestion参考答案：B略12..It’sannoying!AfterIgavehermyadvice,mydaughter________goanddotheopposite.A.haveto

B.must

C.shall

D.would参考答案：【答案】13.

Iexpectedthere______moreroomformetoputinadeskinourdorm.

A.willbe

B.is

C.tobe

D.being参考答案：C14.

All

isacontinuoussupplyofthebasicnecessitiesoflife.A.whatisneeded

B.forourneedsC.thethingneeded

D.thatisneeded参考答案：D15.

youdisagreewithher,she'sworthlisteningto.A.Evenif

B.Incase

C.Onlyif

D.Eversince参考答案：A略16.—Hedidn'tfeelabitnervouswhen________.—No.He'dhadalotoftime________foritafterall.A．interviewing;toprepare

B．interviewed;toprepareC．interviewing;preparing

D．beinginterviewed;preparing参考答案：B考查非谓语动词。第一空为when(hewas)interviewed省略形式，表被动；第二空为不定式作定语修饰time，所以选B项17.InSenegal,thenumberofpubliclibraries_____inthelasttenyearsthankstotheUN’sproject.A.havedoubled

B.hasdoubled

C.doubled

D.haddoubled参考答案：B18.Thefarmersinthatareaareinaterrible______becauseofthewatershortage.A.direction

B.point

C.disaster

D.attitude

参考答案：C二、书面表达19.Onceuponatimesometinyfrogsheldacompetition.Thefirsttoreachthetopofaveryhightowerwouldbethewinner.Abigcrowdgatheredaroundthetowertoseetheraceandcheerthemon.Theracebegan.Nooneinthecrowdreallybelievedthatanyofthetinyfrogswouldreachthetopoftower.“Theywillnevergettothetop!Theywillneversucceed!”someonesaid.Onebyone,thetinyfrogsbegantocollapse(退下).Thecrowdkeptshouting,“Itistoodifficult!Nofrogwillmakeit!”Moretinyfrogsgottiredandgaveup,butonecontinuedclimbing,higherandhigher.Thisonewouldn’tgiveup.Intheend,hewastheonlyoneleft—theonlyonetogettothetop.Theotherfrogsnaturallywantedtoknow:Howdidthefrogmakeit？Onefrogsteppedforwardtoaskthewinner.Itturnedoutthatthewinnerwasdeaf.Hehadwonbecausehewasabletokeephisownmind.Hewasabletokeeptrying.Hecouldn’thearcriticism;neithercouldhehearpraise.Welearnalessonfromthisstory:don’tletothers’praiseorcriticismtoholdyoubackonyourwaytosucceed.[写作内容](1)以约30个词概括寓言故事的大意。(2)然后以120个词就“如何对待别人的批评和表扬”这个主题发表你的看法,并包括如下要点：1)叙述着个寓言给你的启示以及你对他人的批评和表扬的态度；2以事例说明他人的批评或表扬给你的感受和对你的影响；3)谈谈中学生应该如何对待老师的批评和表扬。[写作要求](1)

可以使用自己或他人的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子；(2)

评分标准

概括准确、语言规范、内容合适、篇章连贯。参考答案：

Inthecompetition,onlyadeaffroggottothetopoftower.Hewontheracebecauseofhisdeafness,whichmadehimsticktohisgoalandkeeptrying.

Thisstoryindicatesthatthosenotlisteningtoother’scriticismorpraisearemorelikelytoobtainwhattheyarepursuing.Sinceourachievementslargelydependonhowwereacttoother’sfeedback,itisessentialtotakeasensibleattitudetoit.

Asweallknow,praiseandcriticismarepartofourlifeandalmosteveryonepreferspraisetocriticism.Supposeyoufailanexam,praisemayhelpbuildupyourconfidenceandbringyoumuchpleasurewhilecriticismmaydiscourageyouandgetyoudown.

Whenitcomestoteachers’praiseorcriticism,wemightaswelltakeitseriously.Praiseaswellascriticismiscommonlyemployedtokeepstudentsmotivated.Sowhateveryouencounter,acceptitwillinglyanduseittothefullest.【亮点说明】Hewontheracebecauseofhisdeafness,whichmadehimsticktohisgoalandkeeptrying.句中体现了非限制性定语从句；Thisstoryindicatesthatthosenotlisteningtoother’scriticismorpraisearemorelikelytoobtainwhattheyarepursuing.句中出现了两个宾语从句；Sinceourachievementslargelydependonhowwereacttoother’sfeedback,itisessentialtotakeasensibleattitudetoit.原因状语从句和宾语从句完美结合；Asweallknow,praiseandcriticismarepartofourlifeandalmosteveryonepreferspraisetocriticism.As引导的非限制性定语从句；Supposeyoufailanexam,praisemayhelpbuildupyourconfidenceandbringyoumuchpleasurewhilecriticismmaydiscourageyouandgetyoudown.Suppose后面是一个宾语从句，while引导并列句；Whenitcomestoteachers’praiseorcriticism,wemightaswelltakeitseriously.使用时间状语从句；Sowhateveryouencounter,acceptitwillinglyanduseittothefullest.Whatever引导的让步状语从句巧妙使用。20.

读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）阅读下面的短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

KariWatkinsloveshangingoutwithherfriends.That'snotsurprising.Kariis16andit'stypicalforteenagerstospendtimewiththeirpeers,especiallytheirpals.Soitmakessensewhenshegetsmadabouthavingtoleaveget-togetherswithherfriendsearlytomeetherparents'rulethatshemuststayathomeafter9p.m.

"Sometimesmyparentsdon'tletmedoanything,"Karisays."Itseemsthattheirrulesarefora10-year-oldchild,nota16-year-oldone."Kariadmitssheoftenrespondstoherparents'rulesbyopenlycomplainingaboutthem.Andtogetherprideagain,shesometimesdoeswhatshewants—behindherparents'backs.

Kari'sunwillingnesstoobeyherparentsmayremindyouofyourownbehaviortowardyourmomanddad.Andthegoodnewsforyoungpeopleisthatitisnormalforteenstorebelagainsttheirparents."Allteensgothroughaprocessofseparatingfromtheirparentsinordertogainsomeindependenceandasenseofidentity,"saysGlennKashurba,achildandadolescentpsychiatrist(精神病学家)."Sometimesthisprocessisaccompaniedbysomeanger,defiance(反抗),andeye-rolling.Butthisstageofshiftingrelationshipsisanimportantpartofgrowingup."[写作内容]1.以约30个词概括上文的主要内容；2.然后以约120个词谈谈“青少年心理叛逆期”，内容包括：1)你或你熟悉的朋友在青少年心理叛逆期的表现以及父母的态度；2)在心理叛逆期，你是如何改善和父母的关系。[写作要求]1.在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。[评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。

参考答案：Possibleversions:

Asanadolescent,Karigoesthroughanunavoidablebutsignificantgrowing-upprocessofshowingherpersonalityandestablishingindependencebydoingwhatwillannoyherparentstorebelagainstthem.

IhavethesimilarexperiencelikeKari.ItseemedthateverythingIdidneversatisfiedmyparents.IthoughtIhadgrownup,andIcouldmakemyowndecision,enjoymyfavoritefilmsormusic,andwearthefashionableclothesandhaveaspecialhairstyleandsoon.Itisthedifferencebetweenmyparentsandmethatmakesusinvolvedinendlesscomplainandquarrelwitheachother.

Eventually,Icometorealizethatitisnouserebellingagainstmyparents,andIshoulddosomethingtoimprovetherelationshipbetweenus.Ibegintodiscusseverythingwithmyparents,anddohouseworkwithoutbeingasked.What’smore,Iwillgobackhomeearlyanddon’tmakethemworriedaboutmysafety.Gradually,myparentsknowIhaveasenseofresponsibility,andletmedomorewhatIwant.略三、阅读理解21.Someyearsago,Michel-AndrefoundhimselfstaringatthebodyofadeadwhaleonabeachintheCanaryIslands.Itwasobviousthattheanimalhadbeenstruckviolentlybyaship——butwhy?Onlylater,aftersurveyingthewhaleswhichlivedintheareaandmeasuringtheincreaseofsoundpollutionfromshipsdiditbecomeclearthattherewasalink.Thewhaleshadbecomedesensitisedtothenoiseofapproachingboatsandwerebeingstruckbythem,oftenseriously.“Weneverthoughtthatthiscouldbesomethingthatcouldkill,”recalls(回忆)Andre,whoisthedirectoroftheLaboratoryofAppliedBioacousticsattheTechnicalUniversityofCatalonia,Barcelona.Andrehasspent20yearsdevelopinganadvancedsystemtobetterunderstandwhyincidentslikethishappen.Hisunderwatermicrophoneshaveexposedaworldofdeafeningsoundandanimalcommunicationneverobservedwithsuchclarity(清晰)before.Itwasnotaneasytask.Soundwavesdon'ttravelthroughwaterintheuniform,predictablewaytheydothroughtheair.Instead,thetemperature,salinity(盐度)and,flowofwaterhavegreateffectsontheirpath.Whatcanbedone?Onesolutionistochangeshippingroutestocourseswhereshipsarestatisticallylesslikelytomeetanimals.It’salsopossibletoslowshipsdownto18km/horless,whichislesslikelytoseriouslyinjureawhale.Asfordealingwiththerootcauseoftheproblem,theUN’sInternationalMaritimeOrganisationhasalreadypublishedguidelinesonhowtoquietenships,butitwillbeawhilebeforetheeffectsofsuchchangesmightbeobserved.“Theoceanisnotourworld,”commentsAndre.Butitisourstolookafter.Andthankstohiswork,wecanbetterunderstandtheeffectsofsubseasoundpollution.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“desensitised”inParagraph2mean?A.Stubborn. B.Flexible. C.Dull. D.Friendly.33.What’sonewaytosolvetheproblemaccordingtothetext?A.Tolowerthespeedofships.B.Toreducethenumberofships.C.Tosetuppreservesunderthesea.D.Togivetheinjuredanimalstimelytreatment.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardswhatMichelAndrehasdone?A.Doubtful. B.Disapproving. C.Positive. D.Uncaring.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Agreatexpert. B.Noiseinthesea.C.Animalsinthesea. D.Seaexplorationtechnology.参考答案：32.C

33.A

34.C

35.B【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海底噪音对海洋生物的影响以及如何降低海底噪音的问题。【32题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后的thenoiseofapproachingboatsandwerebeingstruckbythem,oftenseriously可知，鲸鱼被靠近的船只碰撞，因为它们可能是对船只所产生的噪音比较“迟钝”。故可知划线部分单词意思为“迟钝的”。A.Stubborn.固执的；B.Flexible.灵活的；C.Dull.迟钝的；D.Friendly.友好的。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的It’salsopossibletoslowshipsdownto18km/horless,whichislesslikelytoseriouslyinjureawhale.（也有可能将船只减速到每小时18公里或更少，这样就不太可能严重伤害鲸鱼。）可知，降低船只速度是文中提到的一种解决办法。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Andthankstohiswork,wecanbetterunderstandtheeffectsofsubseasoundpollution.（由于他的工作，我们可以更好地了解海底声音污染的影响。）可知，作者对MichelAndre所做的工作十分认可。故选C。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了海底噪音对海洋生物的影响以及如何降低海底噪音的问题，故B项最符合文章主旨。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。比如本题1，根据划线词后的thenoiseofapproachingboatsandwerebeingstruckbythem,oftenseriously可知，鲸鱼被靠近的船只碰撞，因为它们可能是对船只所产生的噪音比较“迟钝”。故可知划线部分单词意思为“迟钝的”。A.Stubborn.固执的；B.Flexible.灵活的；C.Dull.迟钝的；D.Friendly.友好的。故选C。22.SomeidiomaticphrasesinEnglish,oftenusedinbothspokenandwrittenlanguage,areveryconfusing!Theydon’tevenmakesensewhenyoufirstseethem.However,usingoneofthesephrasescorrectlywhenspeakingorwritingtoanEnglishspeakerisveryimpressiveandshowsthatyouarecomfortablewiththelanguage.HerearesomewonderfulandinterestingBritishidioms.Usethemwisely.Whenpigsfly!ThisexpressionisoneofmyfavoritesandIuseitallthetime.Itisusedprimarilywhenspeaking,meaningthatsomethingisextremelyunlikelyorimpossible.Forexample,“Iwillforgivehimwhenpigsfly!”“Whendoyouthinkyouwillgetagymmembership,Lucy?”“Whenpigsfly!”Apennyforyourthoughts?Thisquestionisusedinasituationwheresomeoneappearsthoughtfulorisveryquietseeminglostinthought.Butrememberthatyoudon’tactuallyhavetopaythemapennyiftheydotellyouwhatisgoingon!Forexample,“You’vebeenabitquietthisevening,Pete.Apennyforyourthoughts?”It’sthebee’skneesThephrasedatesbacktothe1920s,andreferstoanextraordinaryperson,thing,idea,andsoon.Forexample,