2023年高考一轮复习英语阅读理解满分攻略考点4-主旨要义之段落大意模拟题(含详解)

考点4-主旨要义之段落大意-练模拟-熟能生巧

1.【2022届辽宁省实验中学高考考前模拟训练】

CouldJ.K.RowlingpleaseleaveHarryPotterinpeace?2010wasagoodtimetomoveon.Weallknowthat

HarryPotter'slastadventureshitthebookstorein2007,andthreeyearslatertheWarnerBrosadaptationsrantheir

courseincinema,too.Formanyfans,theyoungwizardhadworkedhismagicthroughmostoftheirchildhood.But

in2018,anewHarryPotterextendeduniversefilm,FantasticBeasts'.TheCrimeofGrindelwald,wasout.

IloveHarryPotterseriesandIalwayswill.It'sallthereinmymemory:Irememberthefirstdelightat

reading"Mr.andMrs.Dursley,ofnumberfour,Privetdrive,wereproudtosaythattheywereperfectlynormal”.

Thewizardingtreasurehunt,thrownbymyparentsformyninthbirthdaywithmydaddressedasHagridinthe

garden,wassoclearinmymind.Irememberdeciphering（破译）mycopyoftheDeathlyHallows,thefirstbookI

readinEnglish,andhavingtochecktheFrenchfbr“wand”.The2001triptothecinematoseePhilosophersStone,

andalltheonesthatfollowedarekeptclearly.

However,someoneneedstocallahalttotheendlessafterlifeofPotter'sfictionaluniverse.Itwasenoughin

thesevenbooksandeightfilms.Wedidn'tanddon'tneedacommunitywebsite,atheatreplay,theprintedscriptof

saidmovie,andevenmoremovies.

Rowlinghascreated21s,-centurymodernliteraryclassic.1alwayslookuptoherasthetextbookclassywriter:

respectfullydrawingattentionfromreaders,successfulbutwiseenoughtowithdraw.Shealsocaresmuchaboutthe

causessheholdsdear.In2011alone,shedonated16%ofhernetworthtocharities.Ofallcontemporaryauthors

whohitgold,Rowlingremainsoneoftheverymostinspirational.

ThesaddestthingisthatRowlinghelpedwiththewritingoftheCursedChild.Sheregularly“revealed”new

detailsaboutPotter'smagicalworldonTwitter.Today,Idecidedtogiveup:Idon'tfollowRowlingonTwitter.I

don'twanttoseethenewfilm.Thankyou,JoanneKathleenRowling.Ihaveenoughvaluedstories——Idon'tneed

newonesanymore.

4.ThelastbookofHarryPotterserieswaspublishedin.

A.2007B.2010C.2011D.2017

5.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thattheauthor.

A.feltrathereasytounderstandHarryPotterseries

B.wasquietfondofHarryPotterseriesanditsfilms

C.readHarryPotterserieswiththehelpofhisparents

D.missedthetimeofwatchingHarryPottermovieswithhisparents

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"allahaltCo"inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Share.B.Appreciate.C.Stop.D.Change.

7.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?

A.ThetalentJ.K.Rowlinghas.

B.Theauthor'spraiseforJ.K.Rowling.

C.TheinfluenceofJ.K.Rowling'sworks.

D.Theauthor'sexpectationsofJ.K.Rowling.

2.【2022届吉林省长春市普通高等学校招生全国统一考试临考押题卷（B）】

Landslidesofash,gasandrockthatflowoutdownhillduringvolcaniceruptionsmaybeevenmoredangerous

thanscientistshadrealized.

Laboratoryandfieldmeasurementsshowpulsesofhighpressureformwithintheseslides,knownas

pyroclastic（火山碎屑的）flows.Thosepressurescanbefarstronger,andmoredestructive,thandisaster

evaluationstypicallyassume.snotasmalldifference,“saysCertLube,avolcanologistatMasseyUniversityin

PalmerstonNorth,NewZealand.Conventionaldisasterevaluationsmightsuggestacertainflowwillonlyburst

windows,buthesays,"Whenactually,thepressuresaresostrong,theyknockdownthewallsofthebuilding.^^

Pyroclasticflowsarethedeadliestvolcanicdisaster,inpartbecauseofthepressurestheycause.Duetotheir

violentnature,researchersoftenhavetoevaluateaveragepressuresintheflowsusingcomputersimulations（模拟）

basedonmeasurementsofgeologicdepositsleftbypastflows.

AtMasseyUniversityinPalmerstonNorth,NewZealand,researchersfreedmixturesofhotrock,ashandgas

downachanneltocopyvolcaniclandslidesknownaspyroclasticflows.Thesepyroclasticflowshaveaninner

rhythm（节奏）thatmakesthemespeciallydestructive.Todirectlystudytheinnerworkingsoftheseforcesofnature,

Lubeandcolleaguesreproducedsmallerversionsoftheflowsinexperiments,measuringthedestructivepower.

Thatlettheteamcalculatethepressuresinsidetheflows.Theresearchersalsoanalyzedthefirstmeasurementsof

pressuresinnaturalflows,collectedin2019,whenpyroclasticflowsburstfromtheWhakaarivolcanoand

swallowedasetofsensors.

Totheresearchers9surprise,pressuresintheflowsshookrhythmically.Thesepressurepulseswould

successivelydamagebarrierslikeblowsfromanelectricdrill,Lubesays.Thepulsessometimessmashedmorethan

threetimesashardastheaveragepressureevaluatestypicallysuggestedbyconventionalsimulations.

8.Whydoresearchersusecomputerstosimulatepyroclasticflows?

A.Tofindouttheirinnerrhythm.B.Toevaluatetheirviolentnature.

C.Tofigureouttheiraveragepressures.D.Tocopythesceneofvolcaniclandslides.

9.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphfocuson?

A.Howtopreparesimulationexperiment.

B.Howtocarryoutthesimulationexperiment.

C.Whytoconductthesimulationexperiment.

D.Whytomeasuretheinnerrhythmofpyroclasticflows.

10.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“smashed“inParagraph5mean?

A.Crashed.B.Bombed.C.Conflicted.D.Increased.

11.What'sthemostsuitabletitlefbrthetext?

A.AWell-knownLandslideB.TheDeadliestVolcanicDisaster

C.MoreDestructivePyroclasticFlowsD.APyroclasticFlowsSimulationExperiment

3.【2022届吉林省长春市普通高等学校招生全国统一考试临考押题卷（A）】

NewYork-basedEcovativehasbeencreatingenvironmentallyfriendlypackagingmadefrommushroomsand

agriculturalwastesince2009.Now,thecompanywantstobringtheiramazingmaterialintohomesandofficeswith

anewlineofcompostable（可堆月巴的）furnishingsthataregrownusingjustthreematerials:mycelium（the

vegetativepartofmushrooms）,hemp（麻类植物）,andsalt.

Whilecreatinghardmaterialfrommushroomsmightsoundmagical,thecompany'sCEOEbenBayersaysitis

arelativelylow-techprocessandcomparesitto“makingbread”.Thecompanybeginsbyaddingafewmycelium

cellstodamphemporotheragriculturalwaste.

Themyceliumthatgrowslikelittlehairsisallowedtotwistwiththewasteuntileverythingis"glued“together.

Thecombinationisthenmixedagainandplacedintothedesiredmold（模具）whereitcontinuestogrowand

harden.Theresultingmaterialisthenbakedintheoven.Inadditiontomakingitasstrongaswood,theheatalso

killsthemycelium,thusgivingthecompostablematerialasimilarshelflifetowood.

Also,thoughthetabletopsofthestylishTaflandKing'stablesreleasedattherecentlyheldBiofabricate2016

conferenceinNewYorkCityresemblemarble,theyarefarfromit.Theperfectlycarvedblocksaremadeofa

materialgrownbyaNorthCarolina-basedcompanynamedbioMASONusinggrainsofsandsandbacteria.

Asyouhaveprobablyguessed,thiswaste-freefurnituredoesnotcomecheap.Customerscanexpecttopay

anywherefrom$249USDfortheTaflto$699USDfbrtheKing'stable,bothofwhichareonlyavailablein

limitedquantities.ThosethatcannotaffordthosepricescanchoosecheaperGIY（growityourself）onesmadeof

variousproductsrangingfromChristmastreedecorationstolampshades.

12.WhydidEbencomparemakinghardmaterialstomakingbread?

A.Theirrawmaterialsarethesame.B.Theirproductappearancesarealike.

C.Theirproductionprocessesaresimple.D.Theirproductioncostsarerelativelylow.

13.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Themethodofmakingmushroomshard.B.Howtomakemushroomfurniturematerials.

C.Whatareneededtomakemushroomfurniture.D.Thedifficultiesofmakingmushroomfurniture.

14.WhatcanwelearnaboutTaflandKing'stables?

A.Theyareinlimitedsupply.B.TheyareofferedinGIYforms.

C.Theyconsistmainlyofmarble.D.TheyaredesignedbybioMASON.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheInventionofNewKindsofFurniture

B.TheFirstSaleofFurnitureMadeofMushrooms

C.ScientistsFoundNewMaterialtoMakeFurniture

D.FutureFurnitureMayBeGrownfromMushrooms

4.【2022届湖北省武汉市高三五月模拟试题（二）】

ThecityofVenice,Italy,hasfinallymadealong-awaiteddecision.StartingonAugust1,2021,cruiseships（游

轮）willnolongerbeallowedtoenterthecity'swaters.

Contrarytopopularopinion,thesecruiseshipvisitorscontributerelativelylittletothelocaltourismeconomy.

TheNewYorkTimesreportedcruiseshippassengersamountto73%ofvisitors,butcontributeamere18%of

tourismdollars.5,Thepercentageisinvertedforpeoplewhospendatleastonenightatahotel;theyrepresent

14%ofvisitors,but48%ofthebusiness.”

Manypeopleareoverjoyedbythenews,especiallyenvironmentalactivists.Firstly,hecruiseshipswould

disturbthewaterwaysanderode（侵蚀）thefoundationsofalreadyweakbuildings.A2019studypublishedinNature

foundthewavescreatedbylargeshipscould"redistributeindustrialpollutantsalreadypresentinthewaters.”

Othershavesaidthesesamewavescarvehugeholesintheunderwaterbottomsofbuildings,makingthemunstable.

Furthermore,whencanalsaredeepenedinordertoallowlargerboats,itdestroyscoastalhabitatsandmakesfloods

worse.Thisispartofthereasonwhy,inrecentyears,Venicehasexperiencedterriblefloodingthat

completelyfloodedSt.Mark'sSquareandotherlandmarks.

Theannouncementcameasasurpriseasmanydidnotexpecttheregionalgovernmenttoactsoswiftly.In

Aprilaprojectedbanwasissued,butitdependedonfindinganalternativeportfortheships-arequirementthat

localpeoplecomplainedcouldtakeyearstoachieve.Theannouncementmadelastweek,however,didawaywith

thatcondition,allowingthecitytomoveforwardquicklywiththeban.

Hopefully,moretravelersarealsorealizingindustrial-styletourismisaten*iblewaytotravelformanyreasons.

Ifsnotunlikeindustrialagricultureandfastfashioninthatitsgoalistoforceasmanysights,landmarks,and

countriesintoastightascheduleaspossible,foraslittlemoneyaspossible.Itsconcentrationonconvenience

erodeshumanconnections,preservationofmeaningfulspotsthatmaketravelsovaluableinthefirstplace.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inverted“meaninParagraph2?

A.Increasedslightly.B.Lookeddownupon.C.Adjustedaccordingly.D.Turnedupsidedown.

9.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.ReasonsforVenice^terriblefloods.B.Dangerscruiseshipsbroughtabout.

C.Reactiontothelong-awaiteddecision.D.Damageerosionwavesdidtobuildings.

10.WhatisVenetians5attitudetowardtheAprilban?

A.Unclear.B.Hopeful.C.Doubtful.D.Unfavorable.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.VeniceSays"No”toCruiseShips.B.TheLong-awaitedDecisionisMade.

C.CruiseShipsErodesAncientVenice.D.VeniceTriestoPreserveItsWaterway.

5.【2022届湖北省荆州中学等四校高三模拟联考（三）】

Ifyou'reaparent,you'rewellawareofjusthowmanychallengesvirtualschoolingpresents.It?sincredibly

stressfultogetyourkidstopayattentionintheir“classrooms”.Well,nowthere5sanotherthingyouneedtoworry

about:hackers.Asmoreschooldistrictsrelyonremotelearning,they'reincreasinglybecomingtargetsfor

cybercriminals.

Believeitornot,youremailaddressisactuallyahacker'sprimarymethodofattainingyourfamilies'personal

information.That'swhyyouneedtobeonthelookoutfbrphishingemails.Theseemailsappeartobefromalegal

companyyou'refamiliarwith——likeyourbank,creditcardcompany,anonlinestore,or,yes,aschool——butare

actuallyfromahacker.

However,thereareafewtrickstodecodeifanemailisfakeornot.AccordingtotheFederalTrade

Commission(FTC),theseemailsoften“tellastorytotrickyouintoclickingonalinkoropeninganattachment."If

youreceiveanemailaskingyoutoupdateyouraccount,changeyourpassword,ormakeapayment,doalittle

diggingfirstandcontactthecompanydirectlytoensurethatitisindeedlegal.

Thereareindeedsomealarmingthingsahackercandowhentheystealyourchildren'sinformation.

AccordingtoFTC,“achild'sSocialSecuritynumbercanbeusedbyidentitythievestoapplyforgovernment

benefits,openbankandcreditcardaccountsorapplyforaloan,whichmaygounnoticedforyears——usuallyuntil

they'readultsandattempttoopenacreditcard.”Tomakemattersworse,acriminaldoesn'tevenneedthechild's

completeinformationtocookupanewidentity.€tKnownas"syntheticidentitytheft',thethiefgrabsaSocial

Securitynumberandcombinesitwithafakename,address,phonenumber,andmore,^^explainstheIdentityTheft

ResourceCenter,"Thatmakesitalittleharderfbrvictimsandlawenforcementtonoticetheprobleminthefirst

placeortakeactionafterthefact.^^

8.Whydoweneedtowatchoutfbrphishingemails?

A.Theymakeouremailstoocrowdedtooperate.

B.Theyarefromalegalorganizationthatisfamiliartoyou.

C.Itisimpossibletotellwhetheranemailisauthenticornot.

D.Itmaybequiteeasyfbrhackerstostealpersonalinformation.

9.Whichmethodiseffectivetodistinguishaphishingemailfromalegalone?

A.Toputitintothetrashwithlittledigging.

B.Toclickonthelinkandopentheattachedfiles.

C.Toupdateyouraccountandchangethepassword.

D.Tocheckitsvaliditywiththesenderoftheemail.

10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Thedefinitionof"syntheticidentifytheft”.

B.Theapproachestoprotectingchildren'sinformation.

C.Theconsequencesofchildren'sinformationbeingstolen.

D.Thesuggestionsonpreventingchildrenfrominternetaddiction.

11.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Emailhack:adisastrousthreat

B.Emailhack:anunavoidableissue

C.Schoolhack:anunnoticeablebutterriblethreat

D.Schoolhack:aninvisiblehandaffectingchildren'sstudy

6.[2022届河南省豫南省级示范高中联盟高三下学期考前模拟三】

Acozyenvironmentfosteringfocusedthinkingandconcentrationonbooksiswhatstudyloungesareallabout.

Idealforstudentswithlimitedoptionsasafter-schoolstudyspaces.Andrelativelycheap.

ThedemandforstudyloungesroseinChinabecausestudentscanhardlyfindapeacefulplacetostudyafter

finishingclasses.Before2018,therewerefewstudyloungesinChina,andthefewthatexistedweremainlyinfirst­

andsecond-tiercitiessuchasGuangzhou,SuzhouandTianjin.Yetby2019,theyhadbecomepopularnationwide.

Butthepandemic（流行病）hasdealtablowtotheindustry.Sincepersonalcontactinaclosedenvironmentis

unavoidable,thepandemicforcedallstudyloungestoshutdownforseveralmonths.LouQingxiao,founderof

Xinliuzaowu,oneofBeijing'searlieststudyloungebrandsthatopenedin2018,saidtheirfirststudyloungenear

RenminUniversityofChinahadmadeendsmeetbeforethepandemic.LiHangandZhangYang,co-foundersof

Sishiloushi,aBeijing-basedindependentstudylounge,saidthatevenbeforeCOVID-19brokeout,theindustry's

profitwasneitherpromisingnorclear,letaloneinsuchaparticularperiod.

“Rentisamajorfixedcostforstudylounges,especiallyinfirst-tiercities,“Lousaid.Inafirst-tiercitysuchas

Beijing,rentalscomprisemorethanahalfofastudylounge'smonthlyoperationcost.ButLousoundsoptimistic

abouttheindustrycommercialprospects,"becauseit'sablueoceanwithlesscompetition.”

Studyloungesprovideabetterlearningexperiencethatpeoplecannotgetinfreepubliclibraries."Privately

operatedstudyloungeslikeoursactuallymakeupfortheshortageofpublicinfrastructure（基础设施）andpublic

servicesandwearewillingtocooperatewiththegovernmenttobetterservethepublic.^^Lisaid.

8.WhatcontributestotheriseofstudyloungesinChina?

A.Therapiddevelopmentofcities.

B.Theshrinkingnumberoflibraries.

C.Theneedforapeacefulstudyenvironment.

D.Thelackofalternativeafter-schoolactivities.

9.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.TheearlieststudyloungebrandsinChina.

B.Aguidelineonfindingfamousstudylounges.

C.Anintroductiontothefoundersofstudylounges.

D.Theinfluenceofthepandemiconstudylounges.

10.WhatdoesLouQingxiaothinkofthefutureofthestudylounge?

A.Itispromising.B.Itisunclea匚

C.Itwillbefullofcompetition.D.Itwillbefreeofrent.

11.Whatcanweinferabouttheoperationofstudyloungesfromthelastparagraph?

A.Governmentinvolvementiswelcome.

B.Theinfrastructureconstructionisneeded.

C.Studyloungesshouldbeprivatelyoperated.

D.Cooperationwithpubliclibrarieshasbeenachieved.

7.【2022届河南省大联考高三考前最后一卷】

TheUSspaceagencyNASAhasrevealedanastonishingpicturerevealingnewsecretsoftheEarth'shome

galaxy（星系）,theMilkyWay.Thesunisjustoneofhundredsofbillionsofstarsthatformthehugeshapeofour

galaxy.OursolarsystemsitsinanoutlyingregionbutthenewimagefocusesonthecentreoftheMilkyWay,a

“noisy"areabecauseofallthecrowdedstars.Lightfromthisregiontakesabout26,000yearstoreachEarth.For

comparison,lighttakesjusteightminutestoreachusfromthesun.

Theresearchersusethedatacollectedbytwotelescopesthatseetheskyinwaysthatareverydifferentfrom

thevisiblelightoureyescanseetoformthenewimage.Mostofthedatacomesfrom370differentpicturestaken

overthepast20yearsbyNASA'sChandraXObservatory.ThissatellitetelescopedetectsX-raysoutinspace.

X-raysareafromofradiationthatissentoutwhenviolenteventsheatmattertotemperaturesofmillionsofdegrees.

OtherdatacomesfromtheMeerKATtelescopeinSouthAfrica,whichcandetectradiowavesfromspace.These

waveshavemuchlessenergythanX-rays.Theyareusuallyproducedbycoolermaterial,suchashugecloudsof

gasbetweenthestars.

Thebrightestsourcesincludeneutronstarswhicharethecoresofhugestarsthatranoutoffuelandcollapsed

tocity-sizedballsofsuperhotmatter.Manyneutronstarsandblackholesjetoutgasesthatappearinthepictureas

purplestreaks（斑纹）.Powerfulmagneticfieldsintheareacausethejetstobendastheygetfurtherfromtheir

source.AstronomerDrDanielWang,whohasworkedontheimageoverthepastyear,saidthenewpicture

described“aviolentorenergeticecosystem^^.

12.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheMilkyWay?

A.Thecenterofitremainsunknown.

B.Thesunisn'tlocatedinthecenterofit.

C.Itscenterisverypeaceful.

D.Itscenterfeaturesfewerstars.

13.Whafsparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thecollectionofspacedata.

B.ThefunctionoftheMeerKATtelescope.

C.Thedifferencesofspacewaves.

D.Theformationofthenewimage.

14.Whatcanweknowaboutthegasesjettedoutbytheblackhole?

A.Theywillabsorbsurroundingmaterials.

B.Theywillformsuperbigmatter.

C.Theygetbentifawayfromtheirsource.

D.Theyarelikelytoexplodewhensuperheated.

15.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Ourgalaxy'sviolentheartB.Anattempttotravelinouterspace

C.RadiowavesfromouterspaceD.Stars9purplestreaks

8.【2022届海南省海口市高三学生学科能力诊断（二）】

Peoplewhosufferfrommotionsicknesshavealonglistofactivitiestheyareafraidof,andoftenavoid

altogether.Thisincludeslong-distanceairplanetravel,road-trips,andevencertainmoviesandvideogames.

However,iftheFrenchcompanyBoardingRinghasitsway,motionsicknesssuffererswillsoonhavenothingto

worryabout,providedtheyarewillingtowearthestrange-lookingBoardingGlasses!

Alsocalledseasicknessorcarsickness,motionsicknessisbelievedtobetheresultofthebrainreceiving

mixedsignalsfromthesensorysystems,whichincludetheeyes,innerear,muscles,andjoints.Forexample,when

youarelookingatyourphoneonamovingbus,yourinnerearnoticesthemotionbutyoureyes,focusedonthe

screen,thinksyouarenotmoving.

BoardingGlassestrytoreducemotionsicknesssymptomsby"'recreatingthehorizon^^sothatalltheuser's

sensessendthesamemessage.Thoughthatsoundscomplex,thesciencebehindtheeyewearissurprisinglysimple.

Theframes,madeoftworoundlensesonthefrontandtwoontheside,arehollowandpartiallyfilledwithablue

liquid.Anymovementinthevehiclecausestheliquidtorunaroundtheeyes.Thisallowstheeyestosense

themotionandsendthecorrectsignaltothebrain.AntoineJeannin,CEOofBoardingRing,says,“Youreyes

alwaysgettherealityofthemovementandgetasignalthatisconsistentwiththebalancesystemperception.^^

Accordingtothecompany,BoardingGlasses,inventedbyJeannin'sfather,havebeentestedbyFrenchNavy

personnel.TheCEOsaysthatover95percentoftheusersreportedfeelingbetterafterwearingthem.Peoplewho

don'tliketheglasses'appearancewillbeexcitedtoknowthattheyareonlyrequiredtobewornforashortperiod

oftime.AccordingtoJeannin,4tYouputtheglassesonatthefirstsignofsickness,leavethemonfor10or12

minutes,andthentakethemoff.Usually,thiscuresyouofthesicknessfortherestofthejourney.,,Thebestpartis

thatsinceBoardingGlasseshavenolenses,asinglepaircanbesharedamongagroupoffriends,orevenanentire

family!

12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Motionsicknesscausesmuchinconveniencetoitssufferers.

B.Motionsicknesssufferersshouldavoidworkingouttogether.

C.Certainmoviesandvideogamesprovidethefeelingofflying.

D.TheFrenchcompanyBoardingRingcancuremotionsickness.

13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thetheorybehindmotionsickness.B.Themixedsignalsthebrainreceives.

C.Organsbelongingtothesensorysystems.D.Theresultofscreenwatchingonamovingbus.

14.Whyarethelensesfilledwithablueliquid?

A.TomaketheBoardingGlassesalittleattractive.

B.Toensurethebrainreceivesthecorrectsignal.

C.Tostrengthenthefunctionofthebalancesystem.

D.Tomakethemovementinthevehiclelessboring.

15.Whatisgoodnewsforthosewhocaremuchfortheglasses5appearance?

A.Thepriceisverylow.B.Theglassesarewidelyeffective.

C.Thelensesaresuitableforallpeople.D.Thenecessarytimeforuseisnotlong.

9.【2022届福建省福州第一中学高三5月校模拟】

Allsoundsthatarelouderthan85decibelsareathreattoyourhearing,especiallyifyourexposureislongor

repeated.That'sbecauseloudsoundscaninjureordestroyhaircellsinyourinnerearthatareinvolvedinsending

soundsignalstoyourbrain.

Sincemostofusdon'tcarrydecibelmetersaround,youcanrelyinsteadonthisruleofthumb:ifyouare

requiredtoraiseyourvoicetobeheardbysomeonestandingataim'slengthawaythenthere'spotentialforharm.

Deafeninglyloudnoiseisnottoblameforallhearingloss,though.Occasionally,therootoftheproblemisan

underlyingconditionsuchasaruptured（破裂的）eardrum.Inaddition,theinnerearcanalsosimplybecomeworse

asyougetolder,andunfortunately,there'snorealwaytopreventthis.

Ifyoususpectyou'velostsomehearing,seeaGPoraudiologist.Ahearingaidcouldimproveyourabilities

noticeably,particularlywhenit'saquestionofpickinguppeople'sspeech.Thetechnologyitselft4cantakeawhile

togetusedtobecauseyourbrainneedstoreadjust,<4saysaudiologistDrGemmaTwitchen."Researchshowsthisis

mucheasierifyoutakeactionongettingyourhearingassessedearlyon,whenyoufirstnoticeitreducmg^^

Anotherpossibleconsequenceofnoiseexposureorageingistinnitus.Thisphantom（幽灵似的）ringing,

buzzing,hissingorroaringisoftencausedbythebraincompensatingformissingsoundinputorbydamagedear

haircellssendingrandomsignalstoit.Althoughtheconditionaffectseachsuffererdifferently,sleeploss,stressand

troubleconcentratingareamongthepotentialconsequences.Ifyourtinnituscomeswithhearingloss—andtheydo

oftenshowuptogether-thenahearingaidcouldeaseitbygivingyourbrainexternalsoundstofocuson.Other

potentiallyhelpfuldevicesincludesoundgeneratorsthatsendoutgentlewhitenoisethatpreventsthetinnitusfrom

developing.

8.Inmostcases,howdoweknowthatnoiseisharmful?

A.Bycarryingadecibelmeteronus.

B.Bykeepingothersatarm'slength.

C.Byhavingtotalkloudlyatshortrange.

D.Bysensingconcentrationtrouble.

9.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Consequencesofloudnoise.

B.Sourcesofdeafeningnoise.

C.Waystopreventhearingloss.

D.Reasonsforhearingloss.

10.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?

A.MostGPsusehearingaidsasacure.

B.Thistechnologyhasbeenaroundforawhile.

C.Earlyhearinglossassessmentisadvisable

D.Hearinglosstakessometimetoreadjust.

11.Whatdoweknowabouttinnitus?

A.Itimpactsthequalityoflife.

B.Itisadirectresultofhearingloss.

C.Itcanbecuredbyahearingaid

D.Itleadstomissingsoundinput.

10.12022届青海省西宁市高考•模】

Recently,FacebookhaschangeditscoiporatenametoMeta.Thecompanysaiditwouldbetterincludewhatit

does,asitbroadensitsreachbeyondsocialmediaintoareaslikevirtualreality（VR）.TheCEOMarkZuckerberg

saidtheexistingbrandcouldnotpossiblyrepresenteverythingthatthey'redoingtoday,letaloneinthefuture.He

alsorevealedthecompany'splanstobuilda"metaverse（元宇宙）“一anonlineworldwherepeoplecangame,

workandcommunicateinavirtualenvironment.

Theterm“metaverse“wasinventedbyauthorNealStephensoninSnowCrash,asciencefictionpublishedin

1992.Inthework,themetaverseisasortof3Dvirtualworld.It'snotsimplyavirtualrealitygamebutisa

persistentandsharedvirtualworld.Orrather,themetaverseisawholeuniverseofsharedvirtualspacesseemingly

linkedtogether—youcould,essentially,teleport（