一轮总复习学案必修3unit7TheSea

必修3Unit7TheSea(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)核心考点课堂突破1.participatevi.参加;参与[教材原句]Ialsowantyoutorememberthatyoushouldallactivelyparticipateinthediscussion.(P4)我也想要你们记住,你们都应该积极参加讨论。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateastudyaboutmovieviewership.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)

②Abackinjurypreventedactive(participate)inanysportsforawhile.

[完成句子]③夏伯渝失去了双腿,他还是参加了登山队,并最终成功登上珠穆朗玛峰顶。Havinglosthistwolegs,XiaBoyustilltheteamandatlastmadeittothetopofQomolangma.

考点必记①participatein参加……②participationn.参加,参与participantn.参加者,参与者[写作佳句]Participatinginvariousvoluntaryactivities,Imyselfgainalotoffunbyhelpingthoseinneed.我参加各种志愿者活动,通过帮助需要帮助的人我自身也得到了很多快乐。2.evaluatevt.评估,评价[教材原句]Iwillbewatchingthiscloselyandaskingeveryonetofilloutaformafteryou’vedoneittoevaluategroupmembers’performance.(P4)我将密切关注这一点,并在你做完后要求每个人填写表格,来评估小组成员的表现。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Wearesupposed(evaluate)hisabilityafterseeinghiswork.

②Wewon’tdrawaconclusionuntilweevaluatethemedicinehassomesideeffects.

③Somethingshouldbedonetobetterthe(evaluate)system.

④Somesamplesofproductsshouldbetakenfor(evaluate).

考点必记①evaluatesth评估某事,评价某事evaluatehow/whether...评估如何/是否……②evaluationn.评估,评价evaluativeadj.可评估的[写作佳句]Beforeusingthenewmethod,weneedtoevaluatehowwellitisworking.使用新方法前我们需要对其效果进行评估。3.arrangev.安排;准备;整理;布置;排列[教材原句]Ifnot,thenyourgroupshouldarrangetomeetoutsideofschoolhoursandchooseatimethat’sbestformostpeopleinthegroup.(P4)如果没有,那么你的小组应该安排在课余时间聚集,并选择最适合小组中大多数人的时间。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Thepresidenthimselfhasarranged(meet)theapplicantnextMonday.

②Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitieschildren.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)

③Aceremonyfortheeventshouldbeheld,beforewhichan(arrange)isnecessarilymadeforit.

[小话题写作]④儿女们两周前就为他们妈妈的生日会做好了安排。Thedaughtersandsonstheirmother’sbirthdaypartytwoweeksago.

考点必记①arrangesth整理/布置/排列某事;安排/筹备某事arrangesthforsb为某人安排某事arrange(forsb/sth)todosth安排(某人/某物)做某事②arrangementn.安排,筹备makearrangementsfor为……做安排cometoanarrangement达成协议[写作佳句]Thebosshasarrangedforhissecretarytomeetthecustomerattheairport.老板已经安排了他的秘书到机场去接那位客户。4.persuadevt.说服,劝服;使相信[教材原句]HepersuadedsomepeopletogobackwithhimtoGreenland.(P8)他说服一些人与他一起回到格陵兰岛。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethem(keep)smiling.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,完形填空)

②Thefatheratlastpersuadedhissonwhowasrudetohisclassmateinto(make)anapology.

③Shepersuadedmethetruthofherstatement.

[句式升级]④Wepersuadedhimnottotelltheteacheraboutthat.→Wepersuadedhimtheteacheraboutthat.

考点必记①persuadesbofsth使某人相信某事persuadesb(not)todosth说服某人(不要)做某事persuadesbintodoingsth说服某人做某事persuadesboutofdoingsth说服某人不要做某事persuadesbthat...使某人相信……②persuasionn.说服,说服力,信念persuasiveadj.有说服力的,能说服人的[名师点津]persuade指劝服对方,并被对方接受了,强调结果;而advise仅表示劝了对方,是否被接受不明确,强调动作。5.apologisevi.道歉[教材原句]MrJohnsonapologisedforthemistake.Wecomplainedtohim.(P9)约翰逊先生为其错误而道歉,我们向他抱怨。语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①Afterawhile,she(apologise)forthewayshebehavedatthebeginning.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,完形填空)

②Inthisinstance,thebestsolutionistosendaquick,light-hearted(apologise)toexplainyourawkwardness.

[完成句子]③让你等这么久我该向你道歉。Iyouyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.

考点必记①apologisefor(doing)sth因(做)某事道歉apologisetosb向某人道歉apologisetosbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事向某人道歉②apologyn.道歉makeanapology(tosb)for(doing)sth因(做)某事(向某人)道歉owesbanapology该向某人道歉[写作佳句]Whatasurprise!Mystubborndeskmateshouldmakeanapologytomeforhistakingmypenbymistake.真意外!我固执的同桌竟然因其错拿了我的钢笔而向我道歉。6.presentvt.演示,讲演;赠送;介绍,引见adj.在场的n.现在,目前;礼物[教材原句]Howwillyoupresentyourproject?(P11)你将如何展示你的项目呢?语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①Beconfident,andIbelievethatyoucanpresent(you)intheinterview.

②It’sbetterthatyouimproveyour(present)ofthearguments.

[完成句子]③在仪式上,习近平主席为这些为祖国做出突出贡献的科学家们授予了勋章。AttheceremonyPresidentXiJinpingthemedalsthescientistswhomadegreatcontributionstothecountry.

考点必记①presentsthtosb=presentsbwithsth给某人某物presentsbtosb把某人引见给某人bepresent出席,在场atpresent=atthepresenttime现在,目前forthepresent=forthemoment暂时②presentationn.介绍,展示;授予presentern.主持人,主播[名师点津]present用作形容词时,如表示“现在的,如今的”,一般放在名词前,如表示“在场的,出席的”时,一般放在名词后。7.attractvt.吸引,引起……的注意;使喜爱;引起……的好感(或爱慕)[教材原句]Somefishattractotherfishwithalightontheirbody—andtheneatthem!(P12)有的鱼用身体发光吸引其他鱼——然后吃掉它们!语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①Theconcertwasbroadcastliveand(attract)thelargestonenightaudienceinthehistoryoftelevisionuptothattime.(2019·浙江卷,七选五)

②This(attract)tourtakesyoutosomeofSanFrancisco’smostcheerfulholidayscenes.

[小话题写作]③现在,这座农场作为主要的旅游景点向公众开放。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)

考点必记①attractsb/sth吸引某人/物attractone’sattention/interest吸引某人的注意/兴趣attractsbtodosth吸引某人做某事②attractionn.吸引力,吸引;有吸引力的人/物/地方attractiveadj.吸引人的touristattraction旅游胜地[写作佳句]Theprofessor’shumorouslecturesalwaysattractalargequantityofstudents’attention,whatevermajortheyarein.那位教授幽默的演讲总是会吸引很多学生的注意,无论他们是什么专业的。8.escapen.&vi.&vt.逃跑,逃避,逃脱;溢出[教材原句]Asyoucansee,Ididescape.(P15)如你所见,我的确成功逃生。语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①Thethieftries(escape).Andtheofficercan’tlethimgetaway.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)

②Ifnoteducatedtimely,thekidwillnotescape(fall)intoabadhabit.

[完成句子]③因为粗心,那个不遵守交通规则的男孩差一点在车祸中丧生。Becauseofcarelessnesstheboywhodidn’tobeythetrafficrulesinthecaraccident.

④如果你犯了罪,别指望你能逃脱惩罚。Don’tdependonitthatyoucanifyoucommitacrime.

考点必记escapesth躲过某事物escapedoingsth躲过做某事escapefrom从……逃走;从……漏出escapebeingpunished=escapepunishment逃过惩罚haveanarrow/luckyescape死里逃生;幸运逃脱There’snoescapingthefactthat...毫无疑问……[写作佳句]ThereisnoescapingthefactthatChinahasbeendevelopingveryrapidlyinthelastfortyyears.毫无疑问中国在过去的四十年一直迅速发展。9.survivevi.幸存,生存下来vt.比……活得长;幸免于,从……中逃生,幸存[教材原句]Ourboatsurvived,andIwastryingtorecoverwhenmyelderbrotherputhismouthclosetomyear,andscreamedouttheterrifyingword“Whirlpool!”.(P14)我们的船获救了,我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来,就在这时,哥哥把嘴凑到我耳旁,大声说出那个让人胆战心惊的词“漩涡!”。语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①Thedoghadinitiallybeenknockedunconsciousbut(survive)bydrinkingwaterfromafreshstreamatthebaseofthecliff.

②Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchancefor(survive)ishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.

[小话题写作]③所有这些建筑都是从清代留存至今的。AllthesebuildingstheQingDynasty.

考点必记①survivefrom...从某个时间存活下来,流传下来survivetheaccident(test,crash,earthquake)从事故(测试、坠机、地震)中生还survivesb比……寿命长;失去某人后还活着②survivorn.生还者,幸存者survivaln.幸存;幸存物survivalofthefittest适者生存[名师点津]表示“从事故(测试、坠机、地震)中生还”时survive是及物动词,在其后不可用介词from。10.recognisevt.辨认出;承认;认可[教材原句]Thefishermenweremyoldfriends,buttheywereunabletorecogniseme.(P15)那些渔夫是我的老伙伴,但他们已认不出我了。语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone,customers(recognise)itassweeterandmoretasty.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇)

②(Recognise)allofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)

③Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbeturnedintonewservices:translationandvisual(recognise),tobesoldtoothercompanies.

[小话题写作]④这些科学家被大家普遍认可为较为出色的。

考点必记①recognisesb认出某人recognisesb/sthas/tobe...承认某人/物是……berecognisedas...被认为是……②recognisableadj.可识别的recognitionn.承认,认可,识别,确认[名师点津]know意为“认识”,说明状态,是延续性动词;而recognise意为“认出”,表示认出以前“认识(know)”的人或物,是非延续性动词。11.setsail起航[教材原句]In982AD,whenamancalledErictheReddecidedtosetsailfurtherwest,therewereasmanyas10,000VikingslivinginIceland.(P8)公元982年,冰岛生活着多达10000名的北欧海盗,就在此时,一个叫埃里克·雷德的人决定向西远航。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Ifasmokedetectorsetsanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.(2018·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)

②Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosettimeforthemtoread.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C篇)

③Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout(find)thewell-knownpainter.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)

[小话题写作]④我们必须开始寻找解决这个技术瓶颈的方法。Wemustsolutionstothetechnologicalbottle-neck.

考点必记setabout开始做,着手做setdown记下,写下setoff使爆炸;引发;动身,启程setout动身,起身;开始做setup建立,设立setapart使与众不同setaside把……放置一旁;省出,留出;暂时不考虑setin到来,开始[名师点津]setout和setabout都可表示“开始做”,setout后跟动词不定式,而setabout后跟动词-ing形式。12.insearchof=searchfor寻找,寻求[教材原句]NotlongafterErictheRedhadlandedinGreenland,amancalledBiarnisetsailfromIcelandinsearchofEric’sparty.(P8)埃里克·雷德登上格陵兰岛后不久,一个叫比阿尼的人就从冰岛起航寻找埃里克一行人。语境巧练[完成句子]①我跑去寻找加油站买汽油。IwentoffagaragewhereIcouldbuysomepetrol.

②霍尔克再次开放其花园,以帮助弱势群体。(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解A篇)Holkeronceagainopensitsgardensthedisadvantaged.

③为了支持三十年前创立的一项消灭饥饿的行动,我的目标是在一年的时间内减掉150磅并筹募五万美元。Mygoalwastolose150poundsinoneyearandraise$50,000amovementfounded30yearsagotoendhunger.

[小话题写作]④我写这封信主要是想要寻求您对这部短剧的指导。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)I’mwritingthisletteryourguidanceonthisEnglishshortplay.

考点必记“in+n.+of”结构的短语有:inmemoryof作为对……的纪念infavourof支持,赞同inhonourof为向……表示敬意incaseof以防,假使,万一inthefaceof面对……inplaceof代替,顶替inneedof需要……intermsof就……来说inspiteof尽管inchargeof负责……,掌管……inviewof由于……,鉴于……indemandof需要insupportof支持……inaidof帮助……注意:inexchangefor用以交换inreturnfor用以回报inresponseto回应,回答13.makesense有意义;讲得通[教材原句]Readtheminthatordertoseeifthestorymakessense.(P14)以那个顺序读一遍,看看这个故事是否讲得通。语境巧练[完成句子]①看,你的电脑又坏了!为了节省几美元去购买最便宜的电脑,这种做法不明智。See,yourcomputerhasbrokendownagain!

tobuythecheapestcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.

②这是常识。但是一些适应性的建议不是。Thisis.Butsomesuggestionsforadaptingarenot.

③通过看着我们,听我们说话,尊重我们的投入,肯定我们的价值,给予我们尊严感,爸爸毫无疑问是我们最有影响力的老师。Andbylookingatus,listeningtous,respectingourinput,affirmingourvalue,givingus,Papawasunquestionablyourmostinfluentialteacher.

考点必记commonsense常识inasense在某种意义上senseofhumour/dignity幽默感/尊严感innosense决不(放于句首时,句子要用倒装语序)makesenseof了解;弄懂thereisnosenseindoingsth做某事没道理/意义[写作佳句]Thereisnosenseindiscussingtheplanwhenwedon’tknowwhattheweatherislike.不知道天气状况如何时讨论这个计划没有意义。14.therebe句型[教材原句]...therewereasmanyas10,000VikingslivinginIceland.(P8)……有多达10000名北欧海盗生活在冰岛。语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①Therearealwaystoomanypeople(swim)intheseawhensummercomes.

②Therewerevariousstylesoftallbuildings(build)alongthestreetlastyear.

[完成句子]③那些树在山上生长得很好,因为每天都有许多园艺师在细心照料着它们。Thosetreesgrowwellonthemountainsbecausetherearemanygardenersthemeveryday.

[小话题写作]④农场上有不少新品种的水果与蔬菜。

考点必记表示某处存在有某物或某人时应用“therebe+名词”句型,其中名词为句子的主语,其后常可有动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式、从句等定语修饰。注意各种形式的区别:①动词-ing形式和名词之间为主动关系,且强调正在发生或一般情况。Therearemanykindsofanimalslivingintheforest.那片森林里生活着多种动物。②动词的过去分词和名词之间为被动关系。Thereweremanyhousesdestroyedinthetyphoon.在那次台风中有许多房子被毁坏。③动词不定式表示未发生的动作。Thereisnotimeforustovisitthecity.我们没有时间去访问那个城市了。④定语从句。Atthemeetingtherewerefewpeoplewhosupportedtheexpert.在那次会议上几乎没有人支持那位专家。15.表示倍数常用的句型[教材原句]It’sthreetimesasbigunderwater.(P12)水下部分是水上部分的三倍大。语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①Whatacoincidence!Boysintheclassaretwiceas(many)asgirls.

②Thecapacityofthepoolisthreetimes(large)thanthatoftheoneinmygarden.

③Thenewly-builthigh-speedrailwayistwicethe(long)oftheoldonebetweenmycityandBeijing.

[完成句子]④那口古井是村子里的那口井的四倍深。Theancientwellisoftheoneinthevillage.

[句式升级]Thenewly-builtbuildingistwicelargerthantheoldone.→⑤Thenewly-builtbuildingistheoldone.

→⑥Thenewly-builtbuildingistheoldone.

考点必记英语中表示倍数时常有下面几种方法:①A+谓语+倍数+thesize(length,amount,height,width,weight,depth...)of+BThislakeisthreetimesthesizeoftheonenearourtown.这个湖是我们镇附近的湖的三倍大。②A+谓语+倍数+形容词(副词)比较级+than+BThislakeistwicebiggerthantheonenearourtown.这个湖比我们镇附近的湖大两倍。③A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词(副词)原级+as+BThislakeisthreetimesasbigastheonenearourtown.这个湖是我们镇附近的湖的三倍大。④A+谓语+倍数+thatof+BTheoutputofthecompanythisyearisthreetimesthatoflastyear.今年公司的产量是去年的三倍。⑤A+谓语+倍数+what+从句EveryyearMrsGreenearnstwicewhatherhusbanddoes.每年格林夫人挣的钱是她丈夫挣的钱的两倍。16.“not...+比较级”句型[教材原句]Youcertainlywon’tfindanoisierfish.(P12)你绝不会找到比它们更吵闹的鱼。语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①—Whatdoyouthinkofthemovielastnight?—Wonderful.I’dneverseena(good)one.

②—Theprofessorgaveusaboringlecturethismorning.—Sohedid.Infact,Ihadneverattendeda(bore)lecture.

[小话题写作]③没有什么比这次农场采摘活动更开心的了。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)

考点必记此处“not...+比较级”表示“没有比……更……”,表达的是最高级含义。[写作佳句]I’veneverhadamoreunforgettableexperiencesinceIcametoChina.这是我到中国以来最为难忘的经历。17.独立主格结构[教材原句]Oneday,mytwobrothersandIwerecomingbackfromtheislands,ourboatfulloffish.(P14)一天,我和我的两个兄弟从岛上归来,船上载满了鱼。语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①...,whichsitsontheedgeoftheAmazonrainforest,withhalfitspopulationofonly250,000(live)initscapital,Cayenne.

②Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakers(leave).(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)

[完成句子]③天气允许的话,我们这周末将去徒步旅行。,we’llgohikingthisweekend.

④因为是周日,我和我的同班同学们去听了一场关于人工智能的讲座。Sunday,ourclassmatesandIwenttohavealectureonAI.

考点必记句中ourboatfulloffish意为“船上载满了鱼”,在句中它是一个由“名词+形容词短语”构成的独立主格结构。独立主格结构在句中做状语,在名词前也常可用介词with。其中的形容词短语还可用下列结构:介词短语、非谓语动词及副词等。[名师点津]独立主格中用非谓语动词时其形式的选择规则:①如果该动词和前面的名词之间为主动关系,强调动作正在进行则用动词-ing形式;②如果该动词和前面的名词之间为主动关系,强调未发生,则用动词不定式;③如果该动词和前面的名词之间为被动关系,且动作已经完成则用过去分词。18.bedoing...when...表示“正在做……,这时突然……”[教材原句]Ourboatsurvived,andIwastryingtorecoverwhenmyelderbrotherputhismouthclosetomyear,andscreamedouttheterrifyingword“Whirlpool!”.(P14)我们的船获救了,我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来,就在这时,哥哥把嘴凑到我耳旁,大声说出那个让人胆战心惊的词“漩涡!”。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Justyesterday,I(conduct)aworkshopwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.

②IwasdrivingdowntoLondonIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.

[完成句子]③我正要扶那位摔倒的老太太起来,这时另外一位女孩子向我走了过来。Ithefallenoldwomanupanothergirlcameuptome.

考点必记bedoing...when...表示“正在做……,这时突然……”。此结构中,when是并列连词,表示“正在这时(突然)”,when分句应放在另一个分句之后,不可放在前面。[名师点津]此结构中的前一分句还可用下面几种形式:①was/wereabouttodo正要做……②haddone刚做了……③was/wereonthepointofdoing...正要做……④表示状态的动词的过去式:正在……随堂巩固迁移运用Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthe(collect)intheMuseum.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解A篇)

2.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’sa(true)seriousone.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)

3.BeforeVinniecouldsayyes,thePresidenthurriedon,ashadeof(apologize)inhisvoice.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)

4.Shewascuriousabouthowtheexpertsdidit.Howsheisoneoftheexperts,writingbooksonflower(arrange).(2020·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)

5.“Weweresoamazedthattheycouldstayunderwatermuch(long)thanuslocalislanders,”Dr.Jubiladosaid.“Icouldseethemactuallywalkingunderthesea.”(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)

6.Hetoldafunnystory,whichhadus(laugh)allthroughthemeal.

7.Intheaircrashonlyonepassengerlivedon.Andpeopleweresurprisedathis(survive).

8.OldasFred’sgrandfather,heisalways(energy).Healwaystakesexerciseregularly.

9.Butinthisexperimentthey’redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)

Ⅱ.选短语填空becoveredwith,makealiving,inadditionto,pickup,insearchof,fillout,participatein,getintotroubleLakeChaos1.algae(藻)yearsago,whichseriouslypollutedthelake.Thelocalpeople’slife2.becausemanyofthem3.byfishing.4.this,LakeChaosattractedalargenumberofpeopletovisititeveryyear.Nowthegovernmenthasbeen5.waystocleanit.Alotofpeoplehave6.theirnamesand7.themovement.TheenvironmentofLakeChaoshasbegunto8..

Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容MrBrown,1.