高考英语总复习-第一部分-教材梳理-Unit-1-Festivals-around-the-worl

必修3Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld1/59关键单词celebrationcelebrate1．____________n．庆贺；祝贺→________vt.庆贺；祝贺2．________vi.&vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→____________n．饿死starvestarvationorigin3．________n．起源；由来；起因→__________adj.原始→___________vi.起源于originaloriginate4．___________adj.宗教上；信仰宗教；虔诚→___________n．宗教religiousreligion2/59beliefbelievebelievablearrivalarrive5．________n．信任；信心；信仰→________vt.相信→___________adj.可相信；可信任gain6．________n．到来；抵达；抵达者→________v．抵达7．________vt.取得；得到independence8．_____________n．独立；自主→_____________adj.独立；自主independentgather9．________vt.&vi.搜集；集合；聚集10．___________n．农业；农艺；农学→___________adj.农业；农艺agricultureagricultural3/5911．________n．奖；奖品vt.授予；判定award12．_______vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→_________adj.赞赏→________n．喜爱者；赞赏者admireadmirable13．________adj.充满活力；精力充沛；主动→________n．能量admirerenergeticenergy14．______________n．许可；允许→_________vt.允许→____________adj.可允许permissionpermit15．___________vi.道歉；辩白→________n．歉意16．________vt.&vi.淹没；溺死；淹死permissibleapologizeapologydrown4/59sadnesssadobviousobviously17．________n．悲伤；悲伤→________adj.悲伤18．___________adj.显著；显而易见→____________adv.显著地wipeweepremind19．________vt.擦；揩；擦去20．________vi.哭泣；流泪n．哭；哭泣21．________vt.提醒；使想起→________n．引发回想事物/人reminderforgiveforgiveness22．_______vt.原谅；饶恕→____________n．宽恕；原谅5/59placememorydressplaytrick常考短语1．take________发生2．in________of纪念；追念3．________up穿上盛装；打扮；装饰4．________a________on搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑5．________forwardto期望；期待；期望6．________and________日夜；昼夜；整天7．________though好像lookdaynightas6/59havefunturn8．________________with玩得开心9．________up出现；到场10．________one's________守信用；推行诺言11．________one'sbreath屏息；屏气12．________off出发；动身；使爆炸13．________...of...使……想起……keepwordholdsetremind7/59wasdifficulttofind

经典佳句

1．Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffood_______________________________，especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.在那个时代，假如难以找到食物，人们就会挨饿，尤其是在寒冷冬季。coveredwith

2．Thecountry,_________________cherrytreeflowers,looksasthoughitiscoveredwithpinksnow.整个国度处处是盛开樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色雪。8/59fellinlove

3．WhileshewasonearthshemettheherdboyNiulangandthey________________________.她在人间时，碰到了牧童牛郎，随即他们相爱了。 4．Ashesadlypassedtheteashoponthecorner________________________________，heheardavoicecallinghim.回家路上，当他难过地途经拐角处茶馆时，他听到有些人叫他。onhiswayhome9/59

Thereareallkindsoffestivalsand1.__________(celebration)aroundtheworld,whichareheldfordifferent2.________(reason)．Theancientfestivalsweremainly3.________(hold)fortheendofcoldweather,4.________(plant)inspringandharvestinginautumn.Somefestivalsareheld5.__________(honor)thedeadortosatisfytheancestors,whomightreturneithertohelporto6.________harm.Whilesomeotherfestivalsareheldtohonorfamouspeople,suchasDragonBoatFestivalandColumbusDay.HarvestandThanksgivingfestivalsarehappyeventsbecause课文回顾celebrationsreasonsheldplantingtohonordo10/59gatheredagriculturaltoastheirfoodis7._________(gather)forthewinterandthe8.____________(agriculture)workisover.Andthemostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforward9.________theendofwinterandtothecomingofspring,such10.________theLunarNewYear,atwhichpeoplehaveaverygoodtime.11/59

单句语法填空 1．(年天津卷·阅读了解A)Ifyouhavewrittenthewrongnameinane-mail，itisbestto___________(apology)inaseriousmanner.apologizegainsforgave

2．Justastheoldsayinggoes,“Small________(gain)bringgoodwealth.” 3．Thismorningmyclassmate__________(forgive)meforwhatIhadsaidlastnight.12/59

4．Ialwaysholdthe________(believe)thatheisanhonestfellow.toadmireisawarded

5．It'sagoodfeelingforpeople____________(admire)theShanghaiWorldExpothatgivesthempleasure. 6．TheNobelPrize____________(award)tothosewhomakegreatcontributionsinmanyfieldseveryyear. 7．Thetextbooksanddictionariescanbeusedasreferencebooks________themagazinesserveasreadingmaterials.

beliefwhile13/59beingtakenoffenergetic

8．Thekidislookingforwardto_____________(take)tothezoothisweekend. 9．Ifuncontrolled，theshortagewouldset________anewriseinmeatprices. 10．Weneedtobemore_____________(energy)inparticipatinginsocialactivities.14/591．starvevi.&vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死starvefor渴望；期望starvetodosth.渴望做某事bestarvedof/for急需；(使)匮乏starvetodeath饿死starvationn．饥饿15/59【联想发散】表示“渴望做某事”还有以下表示方法：longtodo/forsth.beeagertodo/forsth.beanxiousabout/for/todosth.利用单句语法填空(1)Iam________(starve)forasightoftheseainFinland.(2)Theengine_________________(starve)of/forpetrolandcouldn'tstart.starvingwasstarvedto

(3)Hewouldratherstarve________deaththanshamelesslybegforhislife.16/592．awardn．奖；奖品vt.授予；判定awardsb.sth./awardsth.tosb.给予或授予某人某物辨析award和reward

(1)award做动词时，指正式颁发、授予、给予等。惯用短语：beawardedforsth.因某事而受奖励。 (2)reward做动词时，意为“报答；报偿；奖赏”。惯用短语：rewardsb.withsth.用某物酬报某人；做名词时，意为“赏金、酬金”，惯用短语inrewardfor...作为……报答。rewardingadj.值得；有酬劳。17/59beingawardedtorewardwithrewarding利用单句语法填空

(1)After________________(award)thefirstprize,heexpressedthathewouldcontinue__________(reward)peopleandsociety________hishardwork. (2)Shefoundherjobinterestingand____________(reward)．18/593．admirevt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕admiresb./sth.(forsth.)(因某事物)赞赏/钦佩/羡慕某人/物inadmirationof赞赏；观赏【联想发散】admirableadj.值得赞扬；令人钦佩admirationn．赞美；赞赏；钦佩利用单句语法填空(1)Iadmireyou________yourhonesty.(2)ThevisitorstoNewYorkall_________________(admire)thetallbuildings.foradmired/admirein(3)Shepaused________admirationofthebeautifulview.19/594．permissionn．允许；许可withone'spermission在某人允许下askforpermission请求许可【名师指津】permitvt.允许；许可n．许可证permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事permitdoingsth.允许做某事20/59permittedpermissiontotake利用单句语法填空

(1)(年新课标Ⅱ卷·阅读了解C)Thegovernmenthasalready___________(permit)thecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly. (2)Withyour_____________(permit),Iwillcarryouttheprojectassoonaspossible. (3)Sheaskedhowtoapplyforalibrarycard,whichwillpermither___________(take)booksoutregularly.21/591．dressup穿上盛装；打扮；装饰dressupforsth.为某事而穿盛装dresssb.upas...把某人打扮成……辨析dress,puton,wear和haveon

(1)dress是及物动词，惯用结构有：dresssb./oneself给某人穿衣或自己穿衣服；bedressedin...穿着(衣服或颜色)，表示状态。 (2)puton宾语只能是衣物，强调动作。 (3)wear宾语只能是衣物、鞋、帽、首饰等，惯用于进行时。 (4)haveon宾语是衣物之类，表示穿着状态，无进行时。22/59Dressedonup利用单句语法填空

(1)__________(dress)ingreen,shelooksmorebeautiful. (2)Heput________hisraincoatandsoondisappearedintherain. (3)Theyalldressed________totakepartintheNewYear'sparty.23/592．remind...of...使……想起……remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.aboutsth.提醒某人某事remindthat-clause使想起/记起……remindern．起提醒作用东西【联想发散】accusesb.ofsth.指控某人某事informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事24/59remindertoabout利用单句语法填空

(1)Thisphotoalbumservesasa___________(remind)oftheimportantmomentsofmylife. (2)Youmustremindhim________takehismedicineincaseheforgets. (3)I'dliketoremindyou________yourappointmenttomorrowmorning.25/593．takeplace发生；产生；举行；进行takesecondplace其次taketheplace(of)取代；代替【写作佳句】Allowittotakeplace,knowingthatallhelpisavailabletoyou.允许它发生，要知道全部帮助都是为了你。Majorchangesaretakingplaceinsociety.社会正发生着重大变革。26/59辨析takeplace,happen和occur

(1)takeplace指按意图或计划“发生”，无偶然性，无被动语态。 (2)happen其“发生”带有意外和偶然性；惯用短语：sth.happenedtosb.某人发生了某事；另外作“恰巧”讲时，常用短语happentodosth.恰巧做某事。happen无被动语态。 (3)occur是较正式用语，可用于详细或抽象事物，通常指按计划或规律在较为确定时间发生事，指详细事物时可与happen交换。27/59havetakenplacehappensto利用完成句子，每空一词

(1)我国改革开放以来发生了很大改变。 Greatchanges________________________inourcountrysincetheReformandOpening-uppolicy. (2)万一他有什么事，请通知我。 Ifanything____________________him,letmeknow.28/594．inmemoryof纪念；追念memoryn．记忆；记忆力memorizev．记忆；记住memorableadj.值得纪念；难忘【联想发散】inhonorof对……表示敬意infavourof赞同inchargeof负责inpossessionof占有29/59利用完成句子，每空一词(1)他写了一首诗歌来纪念他挚友。Hewroteapoem________________________hisclosefriend.inmemoryof(2)据发觉，这些文件保留在一位老工人手里。Anoldworkerwasfound____________________________thepapers.inpossessionof(3)我们庆贺母亲节是对母亲表示敬意。WecelebrateMother'sDay________________________ourmother.inhonorof30/59原句1Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind,especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.在那个时代，如果难以找到食物，人们就会挨饿，尤其是在严寒冬季。 bedifficulttofind意为“极难找到”。“sb./sth.be＋adj.＋todo”结构中，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。假如后面动词是不及物动词，则要加上适当介词或副词。

注意：类似easy,hard,difficult,fit,heavy,nice,unfit,good,interesting等形容词在句中做表语或补语时，后面不定式惯用主动形式表示被动意义。31/59notdifficulttogetalongwith利用完成句子，每空一词

(1)他只是脾气急躁些，并不难相处。 He'sabitquick-tempered,but________________________________________________. (2)人们需要买珍贵物品时要用很多钱，带着金银就太沉重了。heavytocarry

Goldandsilverwere________________________whenpeopleneededalotofcoinstobuysomethingexpensive.32/59原句2ItwasobviousthatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...很显著，咖啡店老板在等着李方离开…… “Itwasobviousthat...”后接一个主语从句，其中it做形式主语。类似结构还有： Itisclear/necessary/important/strange/natural/...＋that从句(从句惯用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”) Itisapity/ashame/nowonder/...＋that从句(从句惯用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”) Itissaid/believed/reported/expected/known/...＋that从句33/59

注意：句型“Itis/was＋adj.＋that从句”中形容词有时可用对应副词替换，此时副词做评注性状语。利用单句语法填空ItObviously

(1)________isobviousthattheydon'twanttospendtoomuchmoney. ＝___________(obvious),theydon'twanttospendtoomuchmoney.shouldhavelied(2)Itwasashamethathe_________________(lie)tous.(3)It_____________(believe)thatitistheearliestandlargestancientpaper-makingworkshopsite.isbelieved34/59原句3Somefestivalsareheldtohonorthedeadortosatisfytheancestors,whomightreturneithertohelportodoharm.有些节日是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。 either...or...意为“(对两个事物选择)要么……要么……；不是……就是……；或者……或者……”，惯用来连接两个平行成份。

注意：由either...or...连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最靠近主语保持一致。即遵照“就近标准”。类似使用方法还有：neither...nor...;notonly...butalso...;not...but...等。35/59利用

单句语法填空(1)Eitheryouacceptthedecisions________yougetout.(2)EitherheorI________(be)togotothelaboratory.amor36/59

利用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来 Festivalsaremeanttocelebrateimportanteventsandtheytakeplacein1.__________(difference)timesoftheyear.TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalinChinatocelebratethearrivaloflunarnewyear.Itisthetime2.________thereunionofthefamilymembers.OntheSpringFestivalEve,3.___________(dress)upinbeautifulnewclothes,4.___________(family)gettogetherandhaveabigmeal.Childrenarelookingforwardtodifferentfordressedfamilies37/59beinggivenoffmosttraditionalappear

5._____________(give)luckymoneyforgoodluck.Inmanyplacespeopleliketoset6.________fireworksdayandnight.Dumplings,the7._________________(traditional)food,often8.__________(appeared)onthetable.Peoplewearnewclothesandhavefun9.________eachother.Sometimes,theyevenplayatrickon10.________(them)friendsandrelatives.withtheir38/59阅读了解(七)阅读了解四大题型之推理判断题(1)：1．综合推理判断题

综合推理判断题是经过文章提供多处已知信息得出未知结论，或由文章中某一细节或某一描述方式推导出答案题型。要求考生综合考虑上下文，经过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思。常见提问方式有：39/59Whatwould...dointheend?Fromthepassagewecandrawtheconclusionthat________.Wecaninfer(conclude)fromthepassagethat________.

做这类题时经常要纵览全文，把握作者写作思绪(如文章可能按事件发展经过描写，也可能按因果关系、对比关系来叙述)。【例】Ihadbeenfollowingtheyellowish-greenmarkersfora“popularandeasy”three-mileout-and-backhike(远足)．Immediatelyafterthetrailhead,thetrail(小径)becameveryrockyandsteep.Buthavingreadaboutthehike,Iknewwithinfiveminutes,Iwassupposedtoreachthehike'sfirstoverlook.40/59

However,theoverlookneverarrived.Instead,Ifoundmyselflostinthewoods.Pullingoutmycellphone,Isawitread“noservice”．IcheckedthelasttextmessageI'dsenttomymom.Itread,“Conferenceended...goingforasmallhikebeforemyflighthomethisafternoon.”Iputmyphoneawayandkeptmovingandyelling,“Help!Isanybodyoutthere？”Everysooften,I'dstoptolisten,butIneverheardareply.

Igotoutmyphoneagain.Thebatterywasrunningoutfastasitsearchedforasignal.IstruggledtofindaplacewhereIcouldgetservice.WhenIdid,Icalledmymom.Itwentthrough!Inashakyvoice,Isaid,“Mom？”Andthenthecalldropped.Morethan41/59

1,500milesaway,mymominstantlyknewsomethingwaswrong.ShecalledtheDenverPoliceDepartmentandwasdirectedtotheU．S.ForestService.ThiswashowIwasintroducedtoJohn,anoperatorfromtheU.S.ForestService.FollowingJohn'sinstructiononthephone,Ifinallyescapedfromthewoods.Ibreathedasighofrelief.Thenmyphonerang,anditwasJohn,makingsureIwasstillgoingintherightdirection.“Bytheway，”hesaid,“we'vehadyourmotheronholdthiswholetime.Soonceyougetdownthemountain,youwillabsolutelywanttogiveheracall.”42/5927．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Johncametothewoodsfortheauthor.B．Theauthor'smomwasonlinewaiting.C．Johnlosttouchwiththeauthor'smom.D．Theauthorwentinthewrongdirection.解析：B推理判断题。依据最终一段“we'vehadyourmotheronholdthiswholetime”可知，接线员们让“我”妈妈一直在线等候；据此能够判断，B项正确。43/59(年东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟二)TheBritishMuseumWhat'son

AlthoughmanypartsofAsiahavelongbeenconnectedthroughtradealongSilkRoadandsharedreligioussystems,therearestrongregionaldifferences.Inadditiontovariouslanguages,Asiahasdevelopeditsculturalnetworks,patternsofgovernment,technologyandstylesofartisticrepresentation.44/59

ThediverseculturallifeofAfricahasbeenexpressedthrougheverydaycookingobjectsanduniqueworksofartsinceancienttimes.TheMuseum'scollectionofover200,000Africanitemsincludesarchaeologicalandcontemporarymaterialsfromacrossthecontinent.

TheIronAgewasatimeofbigchangeforthepeopleofBritainandEurope.Ironreplacedbronzeasthematerialusedtomaketoolsandweaponswhilereligionart,dailylife,economicsandpoliticschangedgreatly.45/59

Admissionandopeningtimes

TheMuseumisfreeandopendaily10：00－17：30exceptFridayandisopenuntil20：30onFridays,exceptGoodFriday.TheMuseumisopeneverydayexceptfor24,25and26Decemberand1January.

Museumshops Bookshop

Monday－Thursday10：00－17：30Friday10：00－20：00Saturday10：30－17：30Sunday10：00－17：3046/59

CollectionshopMonday－Thursday09：30－17：30Friday09：30－20：00Saturday09：30－17：30Sunday10：00－17：30GettinghereBytubeNearestundergroundstations：TottenhamCourtRoad(500m)Holborn(500m)RussellSquare(800m)GoodgeStreet(800m)BybusBusesthatstopneartheMuseum:1,8,19，X25,38,55,98,24247/59BycarTheMuseumlieswithinthecongestion(拥堵)chargezone.Thereislittleon-streetparkingnearby.ThenearestcarparktotheMuseumislocatedatBloomsburySquare.ThereislimitedparkingintheMuseum'sopenspacefordisabledvisitorsonly.1．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．ItisnotconvenienttoparkcarsneartheMuseum.B．TheoldcanparktheircarsintheMuseum'sopenarea.C．TheNo.55busstopisthenearesttotheMuseum.D．Itis500metersfromRussellSquaretotheMuseum.48/59解析：A推理判断题。依据最终一段可知，博物馆位于交通拥堵收费区，而且附近停车位少，所以在博物馆附近泊车不方便，故选A。49/592．文章出处推测题

这类题目主要针对那些文体或内容较为复杂文章。在推理判断前，应该注意文章整体特点或主体内容，不要被其复杂结构或内容所迷惑。推断文章出处常见提问方式有：Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom________.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?Thepassageismostlikelyapartof________.50/59

做这类题目时应从文章内容或结构来判断其出处。比如，报纸：时事性比较强，分不一样版块，在阅读中采取报刊类文章普通以政治、生活为主，其在开头有时会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称。广告：语言会比较简练鲜明、有亮点，以到达宣传认可作用，因其格式特殊，轻易识别。产品说明：器皿、设备使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品服用说明会通知服用时间、次数、药量等。杂志：包含了生活各个层面，愈加贴近幕后一些东西。广告类、时事新闻类、娱乐新闻类、影评、应用文类通常出现在报纸、杂志、海报等上。说明文通常会在教科书或使用技术手册等里面。51/59【例】(年山东潍坊模拟二)Venus,theWildestAdventurein3016!Atriptothemoon,toMars?Youareout.Venus(金星)isyourchoice!Ourspaceshipcarriesyouthereatthespeedoflight!AmazingVenusFactsTemperaturerange:Alwaysabout450degreesCelsius.Greatforbarbecues!Seasons:Noseasons.Alwaysvisitduringbestseason!Gravitystrength:0.91ofEarth'sgravity.Makesyoulighterandmorealivethanever!Water:None.Allboiledaway.52/59Daylength:1day＝243Earthdays.Longestdaysinsolarsystem,sofunneverends!

Rateofturning:0.002km/second.Turnsinoppositedirectionoftheearth,soabletoseesunriseinthewestandsetintheeast.Yearlength:1year＝224.7Earthdaysor0.62ofanEarthyear.Rateofrevolution:35.03km/second.Atmosphere：△Verythick.△96%carbondioxide,3%nitrogen,and0.1%watervapor.△Can'tsupportlife:Suffocatingcarbondioxide,thickcloudsofsulfuricacid,andgasescreategreenhouseeffectsoveryhotandnowater.53/59*YourAccommodations*◎Youwilltravelonahigh-techrocketshipthatwilltransportyoufromEarthtoVenusinamere2.4minutesbytravellingatthespeedoflight.Thistripwillcostonly$750,000.◎Ourtwohotelsareveryluxuriousandaresuperstrong,allowingyoutolieonthegroundwithoutbeingcrushedbythepressureoftheatmosphere.TheyarecalledVenusHeavenandRocketPalace,andthecosttostayisonly$200pernight.You'llgetyourmoney'sworthatthesetwohotels,receivingfreemealseveryday.Tobookatrip,call1-800.54/593．Whichsectionofamagaz