网考大学英语B练习和仿真“阅读理解”题目和答案(含译文)

1、 阅读与理解练习题及答案 passage 1 my mother raised me as best as she could，taking on odd jobs in the neighborhood for moneystill without a father to tell me how to act and what was expected of me，i felt lost1 wandered for years and got involved with tough guys on the east side of new yorkthey would fight madly

2、 over a dropped cointhey would steal to get what they wantedi wanted to be like them it was lucky for me that i left the city and entered a world of discipline，after following my mothers adviceduring three years of military service，i had time to rethink my life，and my thoughts often ran to my mother

3、i realized suddenly just how much of a heartache i must have been to her，how little i had noticed her sufferingwhen my father left this worldmy mother was completely aloneto support us，my mother cleaned apartments and took in washing and ironing from the neighborsand as she worked hard at this labor

4、，she kept her head higheach week she would bring a pile of books home from the library and read to usmy mother had wanted nothing more，than for me to turn into an honest responsible manbut i had acted against her. finally，almost too late l had the sense to feel shame ten years passed and i returned

5、to the apartment on the east sidei knew i wouldnt fall back in with the wrong people，although i still wasnt sure where i was headingmy mother,i could tellwas worried about mein my neighborhood, to become a police officer or a firefighter was a mark of significant social success and achievement. for

6、me it was an opportunity for a real start in life. i wondered if i was up to itbut i knew that it was time to trywhen i found myself in the big hall raising my hands to take the firefighters oath (誓言)of office，my mother was sitting a few rows behind with a smile of reliefshe knew that at last i was

7、off on lifes road and moving steadilyher smile said，“my job is finally done” 1from this story，we may guess that the east side of new york must be a_c_area acommercial brich cpoor ddistant本题考判断能力。从作者对自己经历的叙述，可以判断他生活在穷人区，所以答案为c。 2the author used to behave himself_d_. a. oddly btoughly cremarkably dbad

8、ly本题考概括能力。第一段和第二段都表明作者曾经跟坏人混在一起，所以答案为d。 3from the context，we understand that “odd jobs”in the first paragraph refer to jobs_b_ aof cleaning,washing and ironing c. which one can make extra money with bwhich are not regular or fixed dwith house work本题考根据上下文猜测词语的能力。odd jobs指的是“零活，打零工”，第二段中所说washing等是举例

9、，所以答案为b。4in the first sentence of the,second paragraphthe author says“it was lucky for me that.”the lucky experience he talks about here is his experience of_a_ a. the three years of military service bleaving a world of discipline cleaving the city and his mother dremembering the books his mother re

10、ad to her children本题考推理能力。作者说幸运，显然是指后面一句提到的三年军队生活经历，因此答案为a。5. what is not true according to the passage? b aafter her husband died，his mother did all available jobs to support the family bthe author was surprised that he was accepted as a firefighter c. the author finally realized that his mother al

11、ways wanted him to be an honest and responsible man din face of poverty，his mother never lowered her headshe bravely struggled on本题考概括和判断能力。a，c，d各条内容在文中都有叙述，作者对自己的前途虽然没有把握，但对自己去争取一个新的生活还是充满信心，所以答案为b。参考译文：母亲通过在附近打零工挣点钱，尽她最大的能力把我抚养大。但是没有父亲告诉我应该怎么做，我应该期待什么.我迷茫了.几年来我一直在彷徨，并混入了纽约贫民区的一帮凶悍的青年。他们可以为了一枚掉了的硬币

12、疯狂打架，他们会用偷的形式获得他们想要的，我想和他们一样。幸运的是，离开了城市之后，通过遵循母亲的指导我进入了一个有序的世界，三年的军役生活让我重思我的生活。我的思绪常常飘到母亲那里。突然间我认识到我带给了她多大的麻烦，而我却很少注意到他的痛苦。自从父亲不在后，母亲非常孤独。为了抚养我们，母亲为邻居打扫房间，洗、熨衣服。虽然她以这种工作拼命挣钱，却始终保持很高的思想觉悟。每周她都会从图书馆买一大堆的书回家，读给我们听。母亲只想让我做一个负责任的人，其它再别无所求。但是我却与他唱反调。最后我才觉得有愧于她，但几乎太晚了。十年过去了，我又回到了贫民区的那个家。尽管我不确定我未来的人生路该往哪去，但

13、是绝不会再和那些家伙混在一起。我能够感觉出母亲为我担心。我的邻居们认为，能做一名警官或是消防员就代表着社会上的成功。而对我来说那就是新生活开始的机会。我想知道我能否等到那一刻，可是我知道现在应该试一试了。我不知道是否能达到这个标准，但我知道这是该尝试的时候了。当我站在大厅里举起我的手作为作消防员就职宣誓时，我的母亲就坐在后几排，如释重负。她知道我最终走上了生活的道路并稳定下来了，她的微笑告诉我：“我的任务完成了。” passage 2 palo alto，california“switching off the television may help prevent children from

14、 getting fatter，even if they do not change their diet or increase the amount they exercise”us researchers said last week a study of 192 third and fourth graders，generally aged eight and nine，found that children who cut the number of hours spent watching television gained nearly two pounds(09kg)less

15、over a one-year period than those who did not change their television diet “the findings are important because they show that weight loss can only be the result of a reduction in television viewing and not any other activity，”said thomas robinson，a pediatrician(儿科专家)at stanford university “american

16、children spend an average of more than four hours per day watching television and videos or playing video games，and rates of childhood being very fat have doubled over the past 20 years，”robinson said in the study，presented this week to the pediatric academic societiesannual meeting in san francisco

17、，the researchers persuaded about 100 of the students to reduce their television viewing by one-quarter to one-third children watching fewer hours of television showed a significantly smaller increase in waist size and had less body fat than other students who continued their normal television viewin

18、g，even though neither group ate a special diet or took part in any extra exercise “one explanation for the weight loss could be the children unstuck to the television may simply have been moving around more and burning off calories，”robinson said“another reason might be due to eating fewer meals in

19、front of the televisionsome studies have suggested that eating in front of the tv encourages people to eat more，”robinson said 6. the author tries to tell us in the first two paragraphs that_d_. achildren will get fatter if they eat too much bchildren will get thinner if they eat less cchildren will

20、 get fatter if they spend less time watching tv dchildren will get fatter if they spend more time watching tv 本题考细节。答案在文章第一段第一句，文中的 “switching off”相当于“closing”。答案为d。 7according to the passage，the time american children usually spend on watching tv_a_. ais more than four hours a day cdoubled in the l

21、ast twenty yearsbis less than four hours a day dis more than on any other activities本题考细节。答案在文章第四段第一句。答案为a。 8. the time the group of children in the study spent on tv viewing every day is suggested to be about _c_.asix hours beight hours cthree hours d. one hour本题考细节与推理。答案在文章第五段最后一句“reduce their tel

22、evision viewing by one-quarter to onethird”(将他们看电视的时间缩短了四分之一到三分之一)。注意reduceby表示“缩短了”，而reducet0表示“缩短为”。经推算，答案应为c。 9which one of the following is right?_b_ achildren usually eat less while watching tv b. children usually eat more while watching tv c children eat the same amount of food while watching

23、tv dchildren usually eat nothing while watching tv本题考细节。答案在文章第七段最后一句“eating in front of the tv encourages people to eat more”。答案为b。10why can watching tv increase kidsweight according to the passage?_d_ abecause kids usually eat more while watching tv bbecause kids burn off fewer calories cbecause ki

24、ds change their diet while watching tvdboth a and b本题考细节和判断。答案在第七段，孩子若不守着电视机，就会动得多一些，消耗更多的热量。答案为d。参考译文：帕洛阿尔托, 加利福尼亚州“关掉电视有助于防止儿童发胖，即使他们不改变他们的饮食结构也不增加运动量，”美国研究者上周说。一项针对192人，三到四年级，总体年龄在八岁和九岁的孩子调查发现那些在一年里减少数小时看电视时间的孩子比不改变看电视时间的孩子体重减少近两磅（0.9公斤）。“这个发现非常重要，因为这表明减肥仅仅是减少看电视时间的结果，跟其他活动无关，”斯坦福大学儿科专家托马斯鲁宾逊说。“美

25、国孩子平均每天花费四小时看电视和视频或者玩视频游戏，儿童肥胖比例是20年前的两倍，”鲁宾逊说。本周，这项报告将在旧金山举行的儿科学术学会上提出，研究者说服100名学生将他们看电视的时间缩短了四分之一到三分之一。和那些继续保持看电视时间的学生相比，这些孩子看电视的时间越少，他们腰围尺寸增加越少，身体脂肪越少，而且两者都没有吃特别的饮食或参加额外的运动。“体重减少的一个解释就是孩子们不再黏在电视前可能仅仅是去运动起来燃烧卡路里，”鲁宾逊说，“另外一个原因可能由于看电视少了，在电视机前吃的东西更少了。有些研究提出待在电视机前吃东西鼓励人们吃的更多，”鲁宾逊说。passage 3 airline co

26、mpanies are responsible for transporting your luggageif you cannot recover it at the point of arrivalyou must inform the airline immediatelythey will early out the necessary searchif the luggage is re coveredit will be delivered to your place of residenceif you wish to insure your luggage，you may do

27、 so at your own expense. some airlines restrict luggage weight to 44 pounds(20 kg)；in other cases，there is no weight restriction，but you are not allowed more than two pieces of luggageinquire about luggage allowances from the airline with which you will be travelinghowever，you must pay extra for exc

28、ess luggage，which is not reimbursed (补偿)by canadian international development agency(cida).each suitcase，bag or package must be clearly labeled with your name and destination. if you do not know the exact destination address at the time of your departure，label your luggage in care of(由代收) me executi

29、ng agency whose name appears in the training agreement，using the following model： surnamefirst name name of your country address of the executing agency city，country，postal code telephone number of executing agency if you do not have this information，please label your luggage with the name and addre

30、ss of the institution you are to attend in canadaif none of these details are available，you can use cidas address 11if you cant find your luggage at the point of arrival，airline companies will try to find it and_b_ aask you to insure your luggage c. inform you about its recovery bdeliver it to where

31、 you live dask you to pay some money for it本题考细节。答案在文章第一段第四句。“place of residence”相当于答案中的“where you消息live”，可知答案为b。 12before taking your air trip，you have to make sure_a_ aof the restrictions on luggage bof the insurance for luggage c. who will pay for the excess luggage dhow much cida will pay for th

32、e excess luggage本题考细节。答案在文章第二段第二句。“luggage allowances”相当于答案中的“restrictions on luggage”，可知答案为a。 13the charge for the excess luggage should be paid by_b_. acida cthe insurance company bthe passenger dthe executing agency本题考细节。答案在文章第二段第三句。文中的“you”代表的就是答案中的“passenger”，可知答案为b。 14in case you have no idea

33、at all where to send your luggageyou can first send it to the address of _d_provided you have the information athe institution you are to attend bthe airline you travel withccidad. the executing agency given in the training agreement本题考细节。答案在文章第三段第二句，可知答案为d。 15. the passage is mainly about cidas adv

34、ice on_d_ athe charge of your luggage cthe insurance of your luggagebthe recovery of your luggage dthe transportation of your luggage本题考主旨，测试对全文的通篇理解。文章第一句就提到了“airline companies are responsible for transporting your luggage”。后面解释如何负责，第二段介绍了“luggage restriction”第三段介绍了如何填写“destination address”。整体来看，文章

35、都在讲托运行李中的一系列问题，故答案为d。参考译文：航空公司有责任帮你运输行李。如果你没有在到达的时候拿到行李，你必须立即通知航空公司。他们会做必要的寻找。如果重新找到了行李，他们会通知你的住处。如果你想要对行李进行保险，你需要自己付费。有些航空公司规定行李的重量不能超过44磅（20公斤），其他航空公司对行李的重量没有限制，但是行李的件数不能超过两件。可以向你将要乘坐的航班询问行李是否被允许。对与超过规定的行李要承担额外的费用，对此加拿大国际发展机构不会进行补偿。每件行李，包或者箱子都必须清楚地标上你的姓名和目的地。如果你起飞时不知道到达的确切地点，可以标上由执行机构（旅游公司）代收的字样，就

36、是旅行协议上出现的名字。可用以下模式：姓国家名执行机构（旅游公司）的地址城市名，国家名，邮编执行机构（旅游公司）的电话号码如果你没有这些信息，请在行李上标上你在加拿大到过的机构的名字和地址。如果这些信息都没有，你可以用cida（加拿大国际发展机构）的地址。passage 4 to us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rainsbut actually the am- brella was not invented as protection against rainits firs

37、t use was as a shade(遮光物)against the sun! obody knows who first invented it，but the umbrella was used in very ancient timesprobably the first to use it were the chinese，way back in the 11 century bc we know that the umbrella was used in ancient egypt and babylon as a sunshadeand there was a strange

38、thing connected with its use：it became a symbol of honour and authorityin the far east in ancient times，the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high office in europe，the greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshadeand the umbrella was in common use in ancient gr

39、eecebut it is believed that the first persons in europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient romans. during the middle ages，the use of the umbrella practically disappearedthen it appeared again in italy in the late 16th century and again it was considered a symbol of p

40、ower and authorityby 1680，the umbrella appeared in france，and later on in englandby the 18th century，the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of europeumbrellas have not changed much in style during au this timethough they have become much lighter in weight.it wasnt until the 20th century

41、that womens umbrellas began to be made，in a whole variety of colours16according to this passage，the umbrella was probably first invented_a_. ain ancient china cin ancient greece bin ancient egypt din ancient rome本题考推理能力。根据文章第二段内容推断，答案应为a。17 which of the following statements is not true about the umb

42、rella?_c_. ano one exactly knows who was the inventor of the umbrella bthe umbrella was first invanted to be used as protection against the sun cthe umbrella changed much in style in the 18th century din europe，the greeks were the first to use the umbrella本题考细节。由最后一段第一、二句可知，答案应为c。18a sffange feature

43、 of the umbrellas use is that it was once used as_b_ aprotection against rain ca shade against the sun ba symbol of honour and power dwomens decoration本题考细节。答案在文章第三段的第二句，答案为b。19in europethe umbrella was first used against the rain_c_ aduring the middle ages cin rome bin the 18th century din greece本题

44、考细节和判断。由文章第四段最后一句内容判断，答案应为c。20this passage talks mainly about_d_ awhen and how the umbrella was invented b why the umbrella was once so popular in europe c the development of the umbrella dthe history and use of the umbrella本题考中心思想。通读全文，最佳答案应为d。参考译文：对我们来说，下雨时撑开伞挡雨是那么自然的事，但事实上，伞的发明并不是用于防下雨，它最早是用来遮挡阳光

45、的。无人知晓究竟是谁最先发明了伞，但伞的使用已经非常悠久。很可能最早使用伞的是中国人，那是远在公元前11世纪的事了。 伞在古埃及和巴比伦是被当作遮阳伞使用的，而且还有一桩与使用遮阳伞有关的奇事，即它是荣誉和权力的象征。在古代的远东，撑伞只限用于王家贵族。 在欧洲，希腊人最早使用阳伞。伞的普遍使用也是在古希腊。而欧洲第一个用伞来挡雨的是古罗马人。 在整个中世纪，伞几乎没人使用。后来它的再次出现，是在16世纪的意大利，并仍被视为权力和威严的象征。1680年，伞出现在法国，稍后是英国。 在18世纪时期，欧洲大部分地区到处使用伞来挡雨，伞的形式在这段时间没有很大的变化，尽管它们在重量上变得更轻了。直到

46、20世纪，女用伞才被制造出来，并且花色逐渐繁多了。passage 5 as far back as 700 bc，man has talked about children being cared for by wolves. romulus and remns，founders of ancient rome，were said to have been brought up by wolvesit is believed that when a she-wolf loses her litter，she tries to find a human baby to take its plac

47、e this seemingly unreasonable idea did not become believable until the nineteenth century when a french doctor actually found a boy wandering in a forestthe boy had no clothes on and was judged to be ten years old by some expertshe did not walk straight up like a human being，but with both his hands

48、and feet touching the ground .the boy could not speak but howled like a wolfhe did not eat any cooked food but raw meat such as hare，deer，or goat meat. he knew nothing about the relationships among human familiesfinally the doctor won the boys trust，and the boy started to obey him. after many long y

49、ears of devoted and patient instruction，the doctor managed to get the boy to dress himself in clothes and feed himself as a human being doeswith great difficulty，the doctor was able to make the wolf-boy recognize and speak quite a few words. 21according to the passageit is believed that_b_ awolf-chi

50、ldren are a common occurrence existing in every country every century bthe unusual occurrence of wolf-children has existed for over twenty centuries cshe-wolves enjoy looking after a human baby instead of her own childdhuman beings are curious about wolf-children本题考细节。答案在文章第一段第一句。700 bc指公元前700年，距现在(

51、21世纪)超过2 ooo#：，故答案为b。 22. except that the boy knew nothing about the relationships among human families，_c_facts could show that he was a wolf-childatwo bthree cfour d. many本题考细节。答案在第二段第二句到第五句，每一句都是一个除题目中提到的fact以外的fact，故答案为c。23the word“litter”in the first paragraph probably refers to_c_ aa hare cnew

52、ly-born wolves b. the boy d. another she-wolf本题考猜测词义。litter的意思是“仔畜”，故答案为c。24. it took the doctor a long time to manage to get the wolf-child to_a_. a. return to what it means to be a human being cremember his own family and name bforget his wolf life dspeak like a human child本题考细节。答案在文章第二段结束部分。“dres

53、s himself in clothes and feed himself as a uman being does”和“recognize and speak quite a few words”都属于人类行为，故答案为a。25only after many long years of devoted and patient instruction did the doctor manage to_c_. awin the boys trust and make the boy obey him bmake the boy walk straight up like a human bein

54、g c. get the boy to dress himself in clothes and feed himself as a human being does dboth a and b本题考细节。答案在文章第二段倒数第二句，答案为c。参考译文：公元前700年，人们就谈论狼养人的故事。古罗马的发现者romulus 和remns据说就是由狼带大的。人们相信当母狼失去了他的孩子，它就试着找一个婴儿来代替。这个不可思议的说法直到19世纪才得到证实。那时一个法国医生真的发现一个小男孩在森林里游荡，那个男孩没有穿衣服。有些专家估计他大概十岁，他不是像人类那样直身行走，而是双手双脚触地走。那男孩不

55、会说话，只会像狼一样地吼。他不吃煮过的食物，而是吃像野兔、鹿、羊这样的生肉。他不知道任何人类的家庭关系。结果那个医生取得了男孩的信任，男孩也开始听从医生。经过很多年的努力和耐心指导，医生成功的使得那个男孩可以像人类那样自己穿衣服，自己吃东西。又经过很大努力，医生教会了男孩认识并说一些字。passage 6 until the twentieth century cigarette smoking was not a widespread habitthe cigarette industry started in the 1870，s with the development of cigarette manufacturin