肝包虫-英文

Department: The First-aid CentrePresenter : Zhao YangCounselor: shang huiHepatic HydatidosisNew wordsHepatic hydatidosis 肝包虫病hiptik ,haidtidusisechinococcosis i,kainkksis包虫病parasitic disease ,prsitik寄生虫病cyst sist 包囊、孢囊、囊肿larval l:vl 幼虫的；幼虫状态的tapeworm teipw:m 绦虫alveolar lvil 肺泡的；齿槽的Infectious agent 传染源Echinococcus granulosus,grnjulusis 细粒棘球绦虫brood capsule 育囊protoscoleces 原头节 (动 )leakage li:kid 泄漏；渗漏物rupture 破裂Incubation period 潜伏期Reservoir rezvw: 宿主canid knid 犬科动物feline fi:lain 猫科动物carnivores ka:niv:z 食肉动物herbivores h:biv:z 食草动物definitive host difinitiv 终宿主Intermediate host 中间宿主pasture p:st 草地、牧场、牧草offal fl 内脏、垃圾serological tests siruldikl血清学试验fluorescent antibody 荧光抗体indirect haemagglutination antibody testing. 血细胞凝集抗体检测New wordsalbendazole 阿苯达唑percutaneous drainage ,p:kju:teinis经皮穿刺引流术praziquantel ,preizkwntl 吡喹酮Liver hydatid internal capsule enucleation 肝包虫内囊摘除术haidtid i,nju:klieinThe capsule was stripped of liver hydatid 肝包虫外囊剥离术 Liver resection 肝叶切除术hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE) 肝囊性包虫病hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) 肝泡型包虫病n Hepatic hydatidosis (echinococcosis of liver)It is a kind of parasitic disease which produced by cysts that are the larval stages of the tapeworm echinococcus parasitize the liver .Definitionhepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE)97% 1hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE)3% 2Classification囊性包虫病 CE泡型包 虫病 AEChina（ CE and AE） Ding， 1991Echinococcosis popular distributionThe global echinococcosis distribution schemes Echinococcosis popular distributionn Echinococcus granulosus (dog tapeworm) is the causative agent.Infectious agentn Hydatid disease in humans is produced by cysts that are the larval stages of the tapeworm Echinococcus. Brood capsules are formed within cysts,cysts containing 3040 protoscoleces. Each of these is capable of developing into a single tapeworm. Symptoms depend on the location of the cyst within the body and develop as a result of pressure, leakage or rupture. The most common site for the cysts is the liver. Less commonly brain, lungs and kidneys are affected. The heart, thyroid and bone are uncommonly affected.IdentificationClinical features EC AEn The incubation period varies from months to years.Incubation periodn The domestic dog and other canids, definitive hosts for echinococcus granulosus, may harbour thousands of adult tapeworms without being symptomatic.n Felines and most other carnivores are normally not suitable hosts for the parasite.Reservoirn Intermediate hosts include herbivores, sheep, cattle, goats, pigs, horses, kangaroos and camels. Sheep are the major intermediate hosts. Sheep eat the worm eggs from pasture contaminated with dog faeces. These hatch inside the sheep, forming cysts. The life cycle is completed when dogs are infected through eating the offal of infected livestock or wild animals, particularly the liver and lung.Reservoirn Human infection occurs by hand-to-mouth transfer of tapeworm eggs from dog faeces. The larvae penetrate the intestinal mucosa, enter the portal system and are carried to various organs where they produce cysts in which infectious protoscoleces develop.Mode of transmissionn The important life cycle is dog-sheep-dog. A dingo-wallaby-dingo (or wild dog) sylvatic cycle also occurs. A dog-wild pig-dog cycle has been recognised and poses a special risk for wild pig-hunters.Mode of transmission图 . 囊型包虫病 人 泡型包虫病循环图 n Young children are more likely to be infected as they are more likely to have closer contact with infected dogs and they are less likely to have appropriate hygiene habits. There is no evidence to suggest children are more susceptible to infection than adults.Susceptibility & resistancen Diagnosis may be made by X-ray, ultrasound or CT scan. If a cyst ruptures, appropriate examination for protoscoleces, brood capsules and cyst wall in sputum, vomitus, faeces or urine should be undertaken.n The Casoni skin test has now been replaced by serological tests for hydatid disease. These include fluorescent antibody (FA) and indirect haemagglutination antibody testing.Method of diagnosisCommon complications1Cyst secondary infection2Cyst burstTreatmentSurgery is often the treatment of choice for infection with echinococcus granulosus, sometimes combined with prolonged high-doses of the drug albendazole. n Percutaneous drainage with ultrasound guidance plus prolonged high-dose albendazole therapy has been effective for liver cysts. n Praziquantel followed by prolonged high-dose albendazole therap is used if there is cyst spillage from trauma or surgery. Consult the current version of Therapeutic guidelines: antibiotic (Therapeutic Gu