2018-2019高一英语上学期第一次联考试卷+答案

2018-2019高一英语上学期第一次联考试卷+答案高一英语试题（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。AEye Health CareDailyHealthy habits mean healthy eyes. Here are some daily tips for eye health.P Clean your eyes with pure cold water regularly. This is one of the best ways to keep eyes healthy and disease free.Avoid looking directly at the sunRoll your eyes up and down, then side to side. Then move your eyes in a circular motion（圆周运动） Exercise5tol0 times a day to relax your eyes Keep a good distance from the computer screen-sit about 22-28 inches away from it.Visit your eye doctor on a regular basisThere are also some tips for healthy contact lens（隐形眼镜）wear and care to help prevent eye infections (感染). Please visit CDCS healthy contact lenses website and you can also follow them on social media(www.cdc.goy/contactlenses).21. _is not good for your eyesA . Eating vegetables B. Wearing sunglassesC. Wearing contact lens D. Looking at the sun directly22. How to relax your eyes according to the tips?A. Clean eyes with pure cold water B. Look at the sun directlyC. Make eye movements D. Wear contact lens23. In which column can we read this text?A. Education B. Health C. Entertainment D AdvertisementBWhat makes a family? How do family members get along with each other? Japanese director Hirokazu Koreeda tries to answer these questions in his films.His latest film, Shoplifters, is about his favorite topic-family relations With this film Koreeda won this years Palme dOr（金棕榈奖）， the Cannes Film Festivals top honor.Shoplifters tells the story of a poor family living in Tokyo. Three generations living under the same roof survive by stealing from local shops.Obviously, what they are doing is wrong. But the director focuses more on the heartwarming details of the familys daily life, according to The Playlist. Koreeda shows how the family members love and support each other. For example, the family plans a beach trip for the youngest sister. They carefully pick out swimwear for the girl. At the beach, they play happily. The girl draws a picture to help her remember their time together. This causes viewers to forget about their moral judgments（道德评判）This is another feature(特征)of Koreedas filming style. He is good at presenting ordinary life. Its slow and full of small details-sometimes its even boring. But there is tension (冲突)present as well. In Shoplifters, the surprise is that the family members dont actually have blood ties to each other, but they are still closer than a real family. They all have their own storiesIn Japan and most other Asian countries, blood ties are what defines(定义)a family. But Koreeda questions that by looking at different kinds of relations.24. How does the family in the Shoplifters make a living?A. By Drawing pictures. B. By Working in local shops.C. By Begging from neighbors. D. By Stealing from the local stores.25. What is the feature of Koreedas filming style?A. No tension present at all B. Being full of small boring detailsC. Focusing on the hard time of poor familiesD. Showing ordinary life through the details of daily life26. What does Koreeda want to show to us in the movie?A. The meaning of a family B. How to get along with our familiesC. The ordinary life in a Japanese family D. The different relationship in a poor family27. The topic in this passage is mainly about_.A. family relations B. a film directed by KoreedaC. a famous Japanese director D. features of Koreedas filmsCFrom the moment you open your eyes in the morning, you can feel sweat running down your body, even if youre barely moving at all. Thats what most people in China felt like thissummer. In fact, the entire northern hemisphere(半球 )saw high temperatures in July.The Arctic Circle was no exception(例外). Temperatures in the city of Norilsk, which is in the Arctic Circle, reached a record high of 32 , The Atlantic reported. Temperatures there are usually just 10 at this time of the year.The heat wave in the Arctic is mainly a long-term result of global warming, according to the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences. In fact, while the whole world is getting warmer, the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. This is called the polar amplification effect（极地放大效应）.The most direct impact of Arctic warming is the melting of Arctic ice. According to NASA, Arctic sea ice is now disappearing at a rate of 13.2 percent every 10 years. NASA said that if this continues, the Arctic will have no ice by the year 2040.This has put some Arctic animals, like polar bears, in danger. The ice that the bears live on has shrunk(缩小), the Toronto Star reported.Melting ice can also cause sea levels to rise in the long term. Since 1993, sea levels have risen at a rate of 3.2 cm every 10 years, the Guardian reported. Some countries, such as Tuvalu（图瓦鲁） in the South Pacific Ocean and Maldives（马尔代夫） in the Indian Ocean, are at risk of disappearing into the sea28. Which of the following is true?A. Some countries in the ocean will disappear in 10 yearsB. China is the hottest in the northern hemisphere this summerC. The temperatures in Norilsk used to be lower than this summer.D. The world gets warmer because of the heat wave in the Arctic29. What does the underlined word this in the third paragraph refer to?A. The heat wave in the Arctic B. The result of global warmingC. Getting warmer in the world D. The Arctic getting warm faster30. What may be the result of the melting of Arctic ice?A. The polar will become dangerous B. Sea levels rise in the long termC. There will be an end of water shortage D. There will be no ice in the world by 204031. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Heat hits Arctic B. Arctic animals are in danger.C. The world became hotter than before D. Some countries may disappear into the seaDOur solar system might be crazier than we once thought. Scientists say that deep within Uranus（天王星） and Neptune（海王星） it rains diamondsOn Earth. diamonds form under extreme heat and pressure. The inside of Uranus and Neptune also has high temperatures and pressures. Whats more, the blue planets are largely made up of icy water and gases such as methane(甲烷).So scientists have long believed that deep inside the two planets, the heat and pressure the methane into hydrogen (氢)and carbon (碳) Then diamond rain would form, falling toward the center of the planets.But no one could prove that this would really work-until now. In a study published recently in the journal Nature Astronomy, scientists say they were able to create this kind of diamond rain in a lab, reported The Guardian.Scientists used high-powered lasers to create pairs of shockwaves through a kind of plastic. The plastic is made from hydrogen and carbon, much like methane. The shock waves created high pressure and heat, like that inside Uranus and Neptune.The experimental time is very short, Dominik Kraus, lead author of the study, told The Guardian. That we saw this very clear signature of diamonds was actually very, very surprising”.The diamonds created in the lab were tiny, only a few nanometers (纳米)wide. Scientists believe that diamonds would be much larger within Neptune and Uranus. Then they might slowly sink toward the planets center because of gravity.32. What factor is needed to form diamonds?A. Extreme heat and pressure B. Hydrogen and carbonC. lcy water and gases D. High-powered lasers33. What does the underlined word mean in the last paragraph?A. Unsuccessful B. Small C. Real D. Natural34. How did scientists prove the theory of forming diamond?A. By giving examples B. By stating argumentC. By explaining statistical data D. By doing experiments35. What can be referred from the text?A. There are many high-powered lasers in Neptune and UranusB. Deep inside Neptune and Uranus could be full of diamondsC, The shockwaves inside Neptune and Uranus crate high pressure and heat.D. Scientists long believe that there are diamonds inside Neptune and Uranus第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余。Theres nothing worse than sitting next to someone whose breath smells bad. In ancient China, people used to eat a special plant to make their breath smell better. 36._How your breath smells says a lot about your health. Scientists can now tell whether or not somebody has a disease just from a simple breath test.37._Breath is made up of waste chemicals（化学物质） that the body makes, Scientists from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology found that these chemicals are different for each person. In fact, theyre just like fingerprints (指纹)-thats why scientists sometimes call them breathprints”.Compared to other kinds of tests, a breath test is much quicker. 38_Breath tests are also a lot easier to do than regular tests, as people only need to blow into a special machine. 39_ It has been useful in finding early signs of problems such as stomach cancer.40._And hopefully some day, visits to the hospital will be a quicker and easier for everyone.A. How does it work?B. Now we use gum insteadC. This machine will help to test their breathD Instead of taking hours, it only takes a few minutesE Its much cheaper to do a breath test than other testsF. There are many ways to make your breath smell betterG. Now, scientists are trying to use breath tests as much as they can第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Back in 1981 I was working at the University of Bonn in Germany. I 41 _some time off in early May to visit a friend in Viterbo. in central 42 .The train stopped in Rome. I was 43 , as my hotel was close to the railway station. The next morning. I 44 to visit as many of the famous Roman landmarks as possible.The following day I headed back to the 45 , planning to take a short ride to Viterbo. When I arrived at the station and tried to 46 the correct platform, I quick realized that the station was _47 for an upgrade (升级). For a moment my mind went 48 .My biggest 49 my luggage一my suitcase and hand luggage were heavy, so I couldnt 50 about easily. I dragged my suitcase about 100 meters to a nearby worker. A tall man of about 50 years of age was working there and I 51 myself and asked where the nearest station was. I am sure that he did not understand me 52 . but he could easily guess that I was looking for a station. He _53_, but I did not understand. He smiled and said something，_54_ I guessed to mean Come along! He opened the door of his car, motioned to me to get 55 and then drove for a few minutes to the next station. I got out, unloaded my luggage, then shook his hand with 56 . He smiled back and drove away. There was no time to we 57_ names. I understood that he was in the 58 of his work. I was_ 59_ so much by his generosity(慷慨)that I have never forgotten him. He was working and could have easily 60_ me but, instead, he chose to help. Thank you. Mr Italy!41. A. took B. need C. pass D. get42. A. Bonn B. Germany C. Italy D. Rome 43. A. unhappy B. lucky C. surprised D. shocked 44.A.went over B. looked around C. turned away D. set out 45. A. station B. hotel C. university D. city46. A. build B. locate C. leave D. go47. A closed B. removed C. designed D. named48. A. crazy B. fire C wild D. blank49. A. concern B.problem C complaint D. mistake50. A. come B. get C move D. talk51. A. enjoyed B. expressed C. repeated D. excused52.A. proper B. quickly C. finally D. immediately53. A. laughed B. added C. replied D. explained54. A. what B. where C. which D. why55. A. off B. in C. over D. past56. A. regret B. sorry C congratulations D. thanks57. A spell B. exchange C. choose D. remember58. A middle B. form C. absence D face59. A. worried B. shocked C. excited D. moved60. A, trusted B. ignored C. driven D. informed第二节（共10小题；每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Both colds and flu make you feel uncomfortable, and both of the breathing infections 61 (cause)by viruses. But what is the real difference between the cold 62 flu?Their symptoms(症状 )are similar, so it can be hard to tell which has hit you first. Finding out 63 you have, though, can mean better treatment and getting better faster. Avoid the virus in the first place with these tricks that doctors use 64 (avoid)colds and flu.While colds are unpleasant, they 65 (rare)last long and arent usually serious; the flu, however, is a different matter. In the 2015-16 season, flu caused 11 million medical visits, 308,000 hospital visits, and 12,000 66 (dead). Most people get over both a cold and the flu in 67 (litt