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1.Opening up enormous opportunities to prepare high performance rubber composites for future engineering applications. 2.In order to tackle this global issue, new oil-independent fillers have received increasing attentions for replacement of CB. 3.(溶液混胶) However, conventional mechanical blending method cannot uniformly disperse the GO sheets in the rubber matrix (see Supplementary Information S10). Solution mixing1215 has been demonstrated to be an effective way to obtain the desired dispersion, but the removal of organic solvents poses persistent problems suchas added cost and potential environmental pollution for the practical implementation of the method. 4.The GO/SBR composites formed by this route exhibit unprecedented reinforcing efficiency of GO towards SBR 5.The GO dispersion in composite and the interface interaction are the two main factors to determine the reinforcing efficiency of GO in the composite. 6.Moreover, any eventual replacement of CB by GO will have epoch- making significance （划时代的）in the oil-dependent rubber industry. 7.As shown in Fig. 4e, the storage modulus of the SBR/GO composite increases with the GO content increasing, throughout the range of temperatures investigated, indicating that the elastic response of neat SBR towards deformation is strongly influenced by the presence of nanodispersed GO sheets. 8.Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted great research interest since their discovery in 1991 by Iijima 1 due to their unique properties which include: chemical stability, excellent mechanical strength, high surface area and extraordinary high electrical conductivity 2,3. 9.The substrates geometry effect on the catalyst distribution and on the characteristics of the synthesized nanotubes has not been exhaustively stated. 10. However, until now, research on the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy resin filled with graphene-based hybrid fillers is scarce.（缺乏的） 11. Metallic fillers suffer the disadvantage of high density，Whats worse, metallic fillers usually deteriorate the strength of rubber material. For ceramic fillers and carbon nanotubes, the high price is a bottle neck to their extensive application 11. Thus, it is of great academic and industrial interests to develop fillers with high thermal conductivity, low density, excellent reinforcement performance as well as a reasonable cost. 12. However, the presence of bulk rubber chains could form “protective layers” around the GO sheets, giving rise to(导致) partial reduction GO 13. （溶液混胶后上辊）The addition of the curing agents was carried out in an LN-120 open two-roll mill (LINA machinery Industrial Co. Ltd., China) at room temperature. 14. Guo et al. 39 reported that GO could be reduced to single layer GE successfully in the presence of PVP and formed a stable dispersion in water, which offers a good inspiration（启发） for the fabrication of RGO/rubber nanocomposite by latex heterocoagulation 15. And their synergistic effect in enhancing the properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanocomposites was investigated. 16. This synergistic effect improved the dispersion homogeneity by avoiding the agglomeration phenomenon of nanofillers within the polymer matrix, resulting in nanocomposites with largely enhanced properties compared to those prepared from single nanofiller (CNC or GON). 17. Recently, hybrid reinforcements of polymer nanocomposites are gaining increased acceptance. 18. in order to understand the synergistic effect generated from the combination of both kinds of nanomaterials, three C:G hybrid nanofillers have been prepared by varying their weight ratio (i.e. C:G- 2:1, C:G-1:1 and C:G-1:2). 19. The samples were coded as(标记为) C:G-2:1, C:G- 1:1 and C:G-1:2 for C:G hybrids at mass ratio of 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2, respectively. 20. Recently, a variety of promising materials serving as anti-g-ray coating and the mechanisms of the irradiation on the materials have been proposed 21. Multiple assays（多种表征） were employed to introduce the chemical structure of graphene oxide. 22. Acetic acid was adopted to adjust pH, the pH value is buffered （缓 冲）closed to 3.5. 23. After storage for several weeks, the dispersion of FGO still remains stable while GO forms a precipitate. 24. ESR (see Fig. 5(a) was performed to ascertain （确定）the influence of the irradiation on the oxidation index 25. Recently, graphene and carbon nanotube (CNT) composites have attracted great interest of scientists and exhibited fascinating properties even better than they could on their own 26. The CNTs had several tens of micrometers in length and 50200 in diameter. 27. Among them, nanotubes and graphene are the most dazzling stars in the field of nanotechnology. 28. Compared to CNTs, graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) hexagonally atomic carbon film, also possesses the above mentioned properties of CNTs as well as its special features, e.g., high light transmittance 8 and high reactivity of graphene edges 9, and has shown great charm in nanocarbon family. 29. A home-made nickel case, 50 mm (diameter) 10 mm (height) 20 lm (thickness), was cleaned by sequence process with ethanol, acetone, and distilled water for 10 min. 30. These results indicate that the pressure plays a decisive role to synthesize the fiber-like nanocarbons including CNTs and g-CNTs in MPI process. 31. This is not only that valorizing waste biomass to achieve high-value nanocarbons, but also that solving the environment nuisance（损害） caused by the huge quantity of waste biomass。 32. Other advantages of sulfur include natural abundance, low cost and environmental benignity, making it an attractive choice as cathode material for next-generation energy storage devices. 33. These films were denoted as 1GO/5CNT, 1GO/2CNT and 1GO/ 1CNT interlayers. 34. The elemental mapping of interlayers after cycles was carried out on an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) linked to SEM 6390. 35. Physical and chemical vapor deposition methods to synthesize thin films are also described quite often but all of them are dogged by （受 困于）the elimination of the very stable N2, which results in disordered, quite carbon-rich materials. 36. Thermoanalytical methods (TGA, DSC) in combination with XRD were used to characterize the intermediate steps along the condensation of the molecular precursor. 37. However, the principal difference between the graphene and MWCNT lies in their shapes. Graphene has a plate-like shape and is bi- dimensional, whereas MWCNTs are uni-dimensional with high aspect ratio. 38. In the second stage the curatives(橡胶小料) were added to rubber compound using a two-roll mill. 39. The DC electrical resistivities of the rubber compounds are plotted in Fig. 3 as function of filler loading. 40. The 5 phr EG filled compound showed a mostly agglomerated structure, whereas GnP showed a wrinkled paper like morphology of the GnP. 41. The electroless plating improved the mutual disperse of GNPs and the Cu matrix 42. Benefiting from better dispersion and stronger interfacial bonding, the increase of 64.5% in yield strength was obtained in the 0.5% Ni- GNPs/Cu composite. 43. After that, the products were washed with ethanol thoroughly. 44. However, BMI resin suffers from inherent brittleness because of its highly cross-linked structures, and some micro-cracks are easily generated and propagated under friction stress 5, which greatly hinders practical application of BMI resin as wear-resistant materials in many fields. 45. The incorporation of nanoparticles with RGO sheets in the composites can not only prevent the aggregation of graphene and nanoparticles but also promote them produce synergetic effects. 46. Therefore, it is highly preferred to have the graphene oriented uniformly throughout the bulk of the composites, which will make good use of the in-plane self-lubrication of grapheme. 47. The reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was also prepared in similar procedures in the absence of Fe3O4 to perform a contrast experiment 48. Unfortunately, the impact strength of the composites declines when the amount of fillers is further increased, which is due to the fact thatexcessive fillers can not be well dispersed in the BMI matrix and agglomerate to cluster. 49. Fig. 5a represents the fracture surface of neat BMI resin, a relatively smooth surface with occasional river patterns, which exhibits a typical brittle feature. 50. These strong interfacial interactions enable graphene to bring its amazing mechanical properties into resin matrix, achieving a perfect reinforcing and toughening material. 51. In some circumstances, wear resistance of materials is an extremely important evaluation index which directly determines service life of products 52. We investigated the essential factors and mechanisms responsible for the observed mechanical and tribological properties and attempted to determine the relationship between mechanical and tribological properties. 53. As the mass fraction of the fillers is above 0.8 wt%, the hardness of BMI composites slowly increases with the increasing of the filler contents. 54. The BNNSs/NR nanocomposite was further processed by strong shearing on a two-roll mill, as was the BNNSs/SiR composite. 55. Nevertheless, the commercialization of LieS batteries has been severely limited by several issues. 56. Extensive studies have been carried out to alleviate the above issues, focusing mainly on developing novel cathode materials. 57. Scientists are trying hard to increase both the capacity and stability in the whole long cycling process. 58. Such an unparalleled(无与伦比的) structure of SnO23DG would be expected to have superior performance for lithium storage. 59. Fig 2D presents a typical HRTEM image of a nanoparticle in dark, contrast in Fig. 2B. It clearly exhibited the lattice fringes with a d spacing of 0.203 nm, corresponding to the interplanar distance of (110) planes of metallic Fe. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) measurements also e videnced the existence of element iron and nitrogen (Fig. 2E). The signal of element copper in Fig. 2E should befrom copper grid used for TEM observation. 60. The design idea described here could be extended to synthesize other similar catalysts in a cost-effective and scalable way for wide applications. 61. However, Pd is a precious noble metal whose high cost impedes （阻碍）the commercialization of DAFCs. 62. In general, the catalytic activity of metal catalysts for the alcohols oxidation reaction strongly depends on the nature of CNTs support in terms of the surface area, conductivity, and chemical properties. 63. In their study, DMFC performance of PtRu catalyst decreased in the order of carbonsupport:graphitic carbon nanofiber (GCNF)SWNTsMWNTs. 64. The number of walls and outer diameter of CNTs were taken as average over more than ten TEM images for each CNTs sample. 65. (用拉曼表征碳管) CNTs were examined by Raman spectroscopy at room temperature with excited laser wavelength and power density of 1064 nm1 and 5 mWcm2, respectively (Figure 1A). The D band in 1281 cm1 derives from the amorphous carbon anddefects, while the G band in 1589 cm1 indicates the graphite layer of CNTs.22 The intensity ratio of defect-derived D band (ID) to graphite-derived G band (IG) reflects destructiveness of the SP2 hybridized carbon atom. Thus, the increase of theID/IG ratio is an indication of the destructiveness or the defect formation of the CNTs surface. 66. （XRD 说法）The crystalline nature of Pd NPs was confirmed by XRD (Figure S3, Supporting Information). The peak at 25.98 is attributed to the hexagonal carbon structure of CNTs in (002) plane.32 The 2q values of40.08 correspond to the diffraction peaks of Pd (111) with dspacing of 0.23 nm, while 2q value of 46.38, 67.88, and 80.68 correspond to Pd (200), Pd (220), and Pd (311), respectively. 67. In addition, the Pd (311) diffraction peak for Pd-CNTs-1 and Pd- CNTs-2 is discernible but of much low intensity, which may be due to the fact that 68. Pd NPs with controlled particle size have been uniformly assembled and anchored on the surface of CNTs . 69. Although improved cell performance was achieved, the methods used in preparing these composite materials generally involve complex, multi-step synthetic processes. In addition, the severe self-discharge of LieS batteries induced by polysulfides has not been fully solved. 70. The unique structural features of PAN/GO nanofiber separator can play an important role in improving the overall performance of LieS cells. 71. Fumed alumina is inferior to（劣于） organobentonite for increasing the toughness or longitudinal compressive modulus 72. Supercapacitors (SCs), also called electrochemical capacitors (ECs), have gained substantial amount of attention for their excellent power density (12 orders of magnitude higher than batteries),long cycle stability (23 orders of magnitude larger than that of batteries), and relatively high energy density (almost 34 orders of magnitude larger than conventional capacitors) 73. Recently, iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) is considered to be a promising anode material in terms of its unique open twodimensional (2D) layered structure, low cost, natural abundance and environmentally friendly 74. Graphene oxide (GO) solution was firstly prepared by the oxidation of natural graphite powders based on a modified Hummers method. 75. However, the facile stacking nature induced by the strong p-p interaction and van der Waals forces between graphene layers hinders the full demonstration of intrinsic properties of grapheme. 76. Such DTG affords impressive properties in the field of supercapacitors, batteries, and electrocatalysis. 77. In most cases, the edges of the graphene nanosheets are always saturated with an abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups. 78. The composition of the graphene sample was also validated through the gravimetric elemental analysis. 79. The uniform dispersion of GNS-Fe3O4PZM in BMI matrix will prompt the excellent properties of graphene to be fully used. 80. urthermore, this study may open a new route for optimizing interface structure and improving the comprehensive properties of graphene-polymer composites. 81. Recently, researches on GO sheets have progressed remarkably in a wide variety of applications by LBL selfassembly technique, such as enhancement in mechanical property, super electrical devices like battery and super capacitors, and gas barrier application . 82. Fig. 10 shows the TGA curves of (PEI/XNBR/PEI/GO)30 film and XNBR latex film, which are employed to search for the thermal behavior difference between pure XNBR latex film and LBL film. 83. It has attracted a lot of considerable theoretical and experimental researches, mainly related to the remarkably essential properties, such as the ultrahigh carrier mobility, 4 superior thermal conductivity, 5 and quite large tensile strength, 6 and so on. 84. Because of their high aspect ratio, carbon nanotubes are superior solution to the other fillers and have been used by many researchers to improve the conductivity of inherently insulating polymers. 85. Excellent properties combined with strong strength, high modulus, light weight, superior chemical resistance and outstanding thermal stability make CFs reinforced advance polymer composites ideal structural materials to be used widely in the automotive and aerospace industries 86. Obvious distinctions in surface morphologies between untreated and modified CFs can be observed. 87. The enhancement of surface roughness can improve obviously the interfacial properties through providing more contact points and increasing mechanical interlocking between CFs and MPSR matrix. 88. A special emphasis was also placed on studying the film formation mechanisms between acrylate and rGO sheet to further elucidate the reasons behind the outstanding properties of P2EHA/NH2-rGO composites. 89. This strategy can be anticipated to provide a platform to prepare polymer/graphene composites with high performance and multifunctionality for potential application in various areas. 90. There are a very negligible trace of water in the composites, confirming the complete evaporation of moisture due to curing at a high temperature. 91. Another interesting finding from Fig. 11(a) and (b) was that the conductivities