2018北京市学士学位英语考前押题及答案

2018 北京市学士学位英语 考前押题(必过）（考试时间120分钟）PartReading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You shoulddecide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how theydeveloped is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do. (76)In the ancient world, as in today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and mostgirls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their playafter the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true becauseboys and girls are being prepared, even in play to step into the roles and responsibilities of theadult world.What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over thecenturies but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms ofcraftsmanship, mechanics and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to theirdevelopment in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt,theAmerica, China, Japan and among theArctic people, generally the same kinds of toys appeared.Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings.(77)Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to theox cart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (进步). The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) usedby a baby in 3, 000 B. C. to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized byinventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to thelimitations of available materials.1. The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with isthat .Atheir social roles are rigidly determinedBmost boys would like to follow their fathers professionsCboys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothersDthey like challenging activities2. One aspect of “the universality of toys” lies in the fact that .Atechnological advances have greatly improved the durability of toys Bthe improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universitiesCthe exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toysDthe basic characteristics of toys are the same over the world 3. Which of the following is the authors view on the historical development of toys?AThe craftsmanship in toy-making has remained essentially unchanged.BToys have remained basically the same all through the centuries.CThe toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recent years.DToys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a childs character.4. Regarded as a kind of art form, toys .Afollow a direct line of ascentBalso appeal greatly to adultsCare not characterized by technological progressDreflect the pace of social progress5. The author uses the example of a rattle to show that .Ain toy-making there is a continuity in the use of materialsBeven the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology Cit often takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy-makingDeven a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the timesPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.On the night of May 7, 1942, during World War, a plane took off from an Air Force basein England to stop German fighters over the English Channel. Pilot of the plane was CaptainThomas Nash. Looking eastward, Nash saw twelve orange lights in a row, moving at a fantasticrate of speed. As a sophisticated flyer, he had never seen anything like them. Thinking that theymight be a new German weapon, he decided to chase them. (78)But when he swung the planearound and headed directly for the lights, they vanished.Captain Nash may have been the first to see such orange lights but he wasnt the last. Hisexperience was repeated several times by pilots during World War II in Europe and the Far East.What were they? No one knows for sure, but there is an interesting theory to explain them. According to this theory, the orange lights are space animalsanimals specially adapted to life inthe upper atmosphere just as some creatures are adapted to life at the bottom of the sea. Thesespace animals, the theory says, live so far up in the atmosphere that they are invisible from earth.They feed in part on the air and partly on energy from sunlight. Being almost pure energythemselves, they can adjust their bodies to glow at night. During the day they become invisible.Before World War II, continues the theory, there was little radiated energy available on theearths surface. Then came the development of rockets, atomic reactors, and hydroelectric plants.(79)The space creatures are attracted by these sources of energy. At night when no energy emittedfrom sunlight, they go down into the lower levels to search a meal. They may even drift into thescope of human eyesight. This explains the fact that they have been sighted periodically from theearth since 1942.6.The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that .ACaptain Nash saw twelve orange lights moving at a fantastic rate of speed BCaptain Nash may have been the first to see lights in spaceCAccording to an interesting theory, the orange lights are space animalsDThe mysteries of nature can be completely explained7.The strange orange lights were first seen .Afrom the ground Bfrom a rocket shipCduring World War IDduring World War8.The theory says that during the daytime the space animals .Aglow brightly in the skyBare invisibleCcan be seen in the earthDvisit the earths surface9.If the space animal theory is true, the creatures go down to the lower regions in order to .Aescape detectionBarouse curiosityCsearch for foodDmake contact with man 10.The space animal theory would seem to indicate that .Aliving creatures are extremely adaptableBlife in space is impossible for manCthe fittest creatures always surviveDlife can not exist in the depth of the seaPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork,because they are fast,flexible, and do not make mistakes. As one banker said,“Unlike humans, computers never have abad day.”And they are honest. Many banks advertise that their transactions are “untouched byhuman hands”and therefore safe from human temptation.Obviously, computers have no reason tosteal money. But they also have no conscience, and the growing number of computer crimesshows they can be used to steal. Computer criminals dont use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish thembecause there are no witnesses and often no evidence.(80) A computer cannot remember who usedit,it simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York City Bank used a computer to stealmore than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this theft because hemoved the money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questionedthe balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error, then replaced the missing moneyfrom someone elses account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler. When thepolice broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records.Some employees use the computers power to get revenge on employers they consider unfair.Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer-tape librarian for reasons that involved herpersonal rather than her professional life. She was given thirty days notice. In those thirty days,she erased all the companys computerized records.Most computer criminals have been minor employees. Now police wonder if this is “the tip of the iceberg”. As one official says,“I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than weare catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts aredoingthe ones who really know how a computer works.”11.The passage is mainly about .Acomputer crimes Bbanking via computerCcomputer errorsDcomputer businesses12.Why are the transactions in many banks claimed to be safe?ABecause they are handled by computers.BBecause humans are not allowed to operate computers.CBecause there are no mistakes what so ever.DBecause computers do not steal money.13.The head teller covered up his theft by .Areplacing the money with what he had gained at the gambling houseBsaying sorry to the customerCputting the money backDmoving the money back from another account 14.Thirty days after the librarian was given the notice, she had to .Atake her revenge on the companyBleave her jobCerase all the companys recordsDadmit her mistake15.What can we infer from the passage?AMinor employers are more likely to commit crimes.BCrimes committed by computer experts are difficult to detect.CComputer criminals are usually from the cold regions.DThere are too many criminals for the police to catch.PartVocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Thenblacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16.If you buy more than ten，they knock 20 pence off_.A.a price B.price C.the price D.prices17.The manager, _his factorys products were poor in quality, decided to give hisworkers further training.A.knowing B. known C.to know D.being known18.Mary has never been_a ship.A. abroad B. aboard C.above D. absorb19.In fact, there is no_liberty in any country.A.adequate B.absolute C. private D.practical20.Adriver should_on the road when driving.A.connect B.flat C.fill D.concentrate 21._to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.A.Exposed B.Having exposed C.Being exposed D.After being exposed22.She has an_for learning history.A.appendix B. appeal C.appetite D.applause23.One learns a language by making mistakes and_them. A.correct B. correcting C.corrects D.to correct24._for his help, we couldnt have overcome the difficulties.A.Werent it B.Hadnt it been C.Had it not been D.Without it25.Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level ofsophistication_to follow other pursuits.A.it was possible for humans B.was it possible for humansC.were humans possible D.possible for humans it was26.The manager of the hotel requests that their guests_after 11:00 p.m.A.not to play loud music B.dont play loud musicC.shouldnt play loud music D.couldnt play loud music27.We desire that the tour leader_us immediately of any change in plans.A. inform B.informed C.informs D.has informed28.I wish I_longer this morning，but I had to get up and come to class. A.could have slept B.might have sleptC.slept D.have slept29.My sisters professor had her_paper many times before allowing her to present it tothe committee.A. re written B.to rewrite C.rewrite D.rewriting30.It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios_after 11 oclock at night.A.were not played B.not be playedC.not to play D.did not play31.As Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, I have directed that all measures _for ourdefense.A.had been taken B.be takenC.would be taken D.to be taken32.The hours_the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.A.in which B.on which C.when D.that33.Beforethe first non-stop flight made in 1949, it_necessary for all planes to land forrefueling.A.would be B.has been C.had been D.would have been34.We_our breakfast when an old man came to the door.A.just have had B.have just hadC.just had D.had just had35.Its reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _by about10%.A.will have risen B.has risenC.will be rising D.has been rising36.Although Americans have different views on many issues, they tend to agree one subject: taxes are too high.A.on B.to C.with D.at37.His sickness, with terrible weather, has completely ruined this long - expected trip.A. combing B.combined C. to combine D. to be combined38.After seemed to be an endless wait, it was finally his turn to have the interview. A. that B.when C.what D.which39.The demand made by the workers is that their salaries to cover the increased cost ofliving.A. increased B.be increased C.be increasing D.were increased40. He is, by far, and will be for a time , the best basketball player in the history of thegame.A.coming B.to come C.to have come D. to be coming41.When we arrived at the airport, we were told our flight .A.cancelled B.had cancelled C.has been cancelled D.had been cancelled42.After careful investigation we find that one of the statements to be untrue.A.is turned out B.have been turned outC.has turned out D.have turned out43.Without the suns light the earths surface, no life could exist on the earth. A.warms B.warmed C.warming D.to warm44.How close parents are to their children a strong influence on the character of theirchildren.A.have B.has C.having D.had45.It is high time that the international community together to fight against terrorism.A.work B.works C.worked D.workingPartIdentification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D.Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.46.Neither John and his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.A B C D47. Mary found it difficult to talk calmly about which she had experienced at the station. A B C D48. The salesman told me that a good pair of glasses were supposed to last at least 3 to 4 years.A B C D49. Ever since the world began, nations have difficulty in keeping peace with their neighbors.A B C D50. You had better return to your dormitory and to enjoy the company of your roommates insteadA B Cof wasting time with me.D51. Under no circumstances we shall stop the research we have begun. A B C D52. If you had come to the party last night, you have known the fact.A B C D53. Our history professor is such a knowledgeable person that it seems that there isnt nothingA B C Dwhich he does not know. 54. She liked her job as a waitress because she enjoyed to meet people.A B C D55. The next morning the first thing my brother and me did was to go out for a walk in the forest.A B C DPart IV Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choicesmarked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits intothe passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Animals have been kept as pets by people in all parts of the world for thousands of years. Themost 56 pets are dogs, cats, birds and fish. But many people 57 unusual pets, 58snakes, crocodiles and monkeys. Many Japanese children 59 mice and teach 60 to dance 61 music. The people of India 62 pets of snakes.Pets can make interesting, playful 63 . People enjoy teaching them to do 64 and to65 commands. Pets owners often 66 their pet to be a member of the family. Many childrenspend more time with their pets than they do with adults. 67 caring for pets, children learnresponsibility. They must 68 that their pets have food, exercise, and a proper place to live in.Most children like 69 to and even telling secrets to their pets.Pets also can 70 to a persons general well-being. Research shows that 71 withanimals can improve a persons morale, and that the presence of pets can lower 72 bloodpressure. Many people look and feel more relaxed 73 with their pets. Many people living74 in nursing homes or in hospitals enjoy community programs that bring pets to visit. Today,many such institutions keep cats, birds, fish and other pets for their 75 .56.AordinaryBfamiliarCusualDcommon57.AtakeBkeepCadoptDfeed 58.Asuch asBlikeCexampleDfor instance59.AtrainingBcalmCtameDdomesticated60.AthemBitCthatDwhat61.AforBafterCwithDgo62.AkeepBbringCletDmake63.AcompanyBcampCcolonyDcompanions64.AgamesBtricksCplayDthe game65.AobeyBcomplyCsubmitDcarry66.AconsiderBreflectCthinkDbear in mind67.AThroughBWithCByDWithout68.AthinkBsureCseeDassure69.AchattingBtalkingCdiscussingDexpressing70.ApromoteBsupplyCdonateDcontribute 71.AisBis beingCbeingDare72.AitsBsomeonesCtheirDones73.AduringBbyCat the timeDwhile74.AaloneBlonelyCalonenessDassisted75.AtenantsBresidentsCcitizensDresidency PartTranslation (20%)SectionADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. Thesesentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. Youcan refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.76. In the ancient world, as in today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls withanother.77. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.78. But when he swung the plane around and headed directly for the lights, they vanished.79. The space creatures are attracted by these sources of energy.80. Acomputer cannot remember who used it,it simply does what it is told.Section B Directions: In this part there are five senten