2005-2011年英语专业四级真题语法归类.doc

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一、谓语动词时态63. in his plays shakespeare _ his characters live through their language.a. would make b. had made c. made d. makes*the bible says love of money is the root of all evil. *hemingways enduring contribution to the human being is his insistence that grace _ under pressure.a.is to be kept b.has been kept c.should have been kept d.be kept58.the committee has anticipated the problems that _in the road construction project.a.arise b.will arise ?c.arose d.have arisen59.the student said there were a few points in the essay he _impossible to comprehend.a.had found b.finds c.has found d.would find60.he would have finished his college education, but he _to quit and find a job to support his family.a.had had b.has c.had d.would have55. the student said there were a few points in the essay he _ impossible to comprehend.a has found b was finding c had found d would find54. james has just arrived, but i didnt know he _ until yesterday.a. will come b. was coming c. had been coming d. came55. _ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.a. i was and always will be b. i have to be and always will bec. i had been and always will be d. i have been and always will be56.jack _ from home for two days now, and i am beginning to worry about his safety.a. has been missingb. has been missedc. had been missing d. was missed43for some time now, world leaders _ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.a. had been pointing b. have been pointing c. were pointing d. pointed52. much as _, i couldnt lend him the money because i simply didnt have that much spare cash.a. i would have liked to b. i would like to have c. i should have to like d.i should have liked to 二、非谓语动词：非谓语动词 分词 逻辑主语与从句中动词的主动与被动的关系。64. _ at in his way, the situation doesnt seem so desperate.a. looking b. looked c. being looked d. to look55. if not _ with the respect he feels due to him, jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.a. being treated b.treated c. be treated d. having been treated45. _, he can now only watch it on tv at home. a obtaining not a ticket for the match b not obtaining a ticket for the match c not having obtained a ticket for the match d not obtained a ticket for the match51. _ enough time and money, the researcher would have been able to discover more in this field. a giving b to give c given d being givennot counting = not including 不算 （视为固定用法）considering 考虑到 judging by 从判断63. there are only ten apples left in the baskets, _ the spoilt ones. a. not counting b. not to count c. dont count d. having not counted65. the man preparing the documents is the firms lawyer has all the following possible meanings excepta. the man who has prepared the documents.b. the man who has been preparing the documents.c. the man who is preparing the documents.d. the man who will prepare the documents. 非谓语动词 动名词 62. the meeting was put off because we _ a meeting without john.a. objected having b. were objected to having c. objected to have d. objected to havingobject to 中的 to 很容易被误认为是不定式的 to。avoid appreciate admit permit deny forbid consider61. whats the chance of _ a general election this year?a. there being b. there to be c. there be d there going to be51. _ is not a serious disadvantage in life.a. to be not tall b. not to be tall c. being not tall d. not being tall 51. what a nice day! how about the three of us _ a walk in the park nearby?a. to take b. take c. taking d. to be taking65. _ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work. a. to be not tall b. not being tall c. being not tall d. not to be tall 非谓语动词 不定式 63. it is not uncommon for there _ problems of communication between the old and the young. a. being b. would be c. be d. to be essential / important + for someone + there to do 58. the minister of finance is believed _ of imposing new taxes to raise extra money.a. that he is thinking b. to be thinking c. that he is to think d. to think46. aids is said _ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.a. being b. to be c. to have been d. having been to have been 和 to have done 表示过去的动作43. professor johnson is said _some significant advance in his research in the past year.a. having made b. making c. to have made d.to make 42. the three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighbouring country, _ by the police each time. a. had been captured b. being always captured c. only to be captured d. unfortunately captured only to do 放在句尾，表示“其结果反倒是”的意思55.linda was _ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.a. to start b.to have started c.to be starting d.to have been startingto be to do = to be going to was to do something 过去的计划to be to have done 计划了，未做 was to have done 计划了，未做62. it seems that she was there at the conference. the sentence means thata. she seems to be there at the conference.b. she seemed to be there at the conference.c. she seems to have been there at the conference.d. she seemed to being there at the conference.三、独立主格 主语 + doing / done, （没有助动词），从句与主句中的主语不一致。独立主格一般在日常生活语言中不使用。它过于书面化。名词(代词) + 现在分词、过去分词；51. agriculture is the countrys chief source of wealth, wheat _ by far the biggest cereal crop.a. isb. been c. be d. being58. time _, the celebration will be held as scheduled.a. permit b. permitting c. permitted d. permits work done, workers were all gone.leg hurt, i couldnt go out these days.45. there_ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an e nd half an hour earlier. a. to be b. to have been c. being d. be 四、虚拟语气非真实条件句 主句 were / had / did would 现在时 someone had done would have done 过去时 had someone done were to do would 将来时 should do were he to do should he do 52. if there were no subjunctive mood, english _ much easier to learn.a. could have been b. would bec. will be d. would have been52. had judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _ much better results now.a. would be getting b. could have got c. must get d. would get54. _ if i had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand? a. would you be surprised b. were you surprised c. had you been surprised d. would you have been surprised51. if you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _ able to advise you much better than i can.a. would be b. will have been c. was d. were63. _ you _ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.a. if, had b. have, had c. should, have d. in case, hadfor fear that, in case, lest 引导目的状语从句，谓语动词可以使用should +动词原形。49. all of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there_ quite such a crowd of people there. a. werent b. hasnt been c. hadnt been d. wouldnt be 50. _ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.a. had it not been b. hadnt it beenc. was it not d. were it not 43. if your car _any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer. a shall need b should need c would need d will need54.if only the patient _a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.a.had received b.received c.should receive d.were receivingif only引导的是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反用had done，与现在事实相反，谓语动词用did，这里的主句虽然表示的是现在，但是if only表示的是过去发生的事情，要用过去完成时，所以这题的正确答案是a。=wish52. if only i _play the guitar as well as you! a would b could c should d might60. he would have finished his college education, but he _ to quit and find a job to support his family. a. had had b. has c. had d. would have无 had had to 的表达51. “ what courses are you going to do next semester?”“ i dont know. but its about time _ on something.”a. id decide b. i decided c. i decide d. im deciding49. if you have really been studying english for so long. its about time you _ able to write letters in english. a. should be b. were c. must be d . are 60. that was not the first time he _ us. i think its high time we _ strong actions against him.a. betrayed. . take b. had betrayed. . . took c. has betrayed. took d. has betrayed. take54 its high time we _ cutting down the rainforests.a stopped b had to stop c shall stop d stopadj.it is important that something ( be / do 动词原型 美语) (should be / should do英语)essential necessary imperative possible impossible urgent advisableverbadvise demand ask order require urge recommend suggest insistnounadvice arrangement decision order suggestion recommendation 59it is imperative that the government _ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.a attracts b shall attract c attract d has to56. it is imperative that students _ their term papers on time. a. hand in b. would hand in c. have to hand in d. handed in57. the opening ceremony is a great occasion. it is essential _ for that.a. for us to be prepared b. that we are preparedc. of us to be prepared d. our being prepared65.it is absolutely essential that william_his study in spite of some learning difficulties.a.will continue b.continued c.continue d.continues60. it is necessary that he _ the assignment without delay. a. hand in b. hands in c. must hand in d. has to hand in五、用作对过去的推测或责备的情态动词完成时与情态动词推测句 probabilitymust have done 肯定的推测句 （过去时） must be doing （现在时）couldnt have done 否定的推测句 cant be doingcould have done would have done might have done should have done均用于本应发生而未发生的状况53. she _ fifty or so when i first met her at a conference.a. had been b. must be c. has been d. must have been61. arent you tired? i _ you had done enough for today.a. should have thought b. must have thoughtc. might have thought d. could have thought65. which of the following sentences expresses probability?a. you must leave immediately.b. you must be feeling rather tired.c. you must be here by eight oclock.d. you must complete the reading assignment on time.52. nancys gone to work but her cars still there. she _ by bus. a. must have gone b. should have gone c. ought to have gone d. could have gone53.“you _ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” i told my friend.a.could b.should c.must d.canprovided 条件从句 = if, 从句中为一般现在时，判定主句也是一般现在时can。could也可以用于表示客气的语气，但不用在条件句中。56. loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone_c_ an opportunity to hear the speech.a ought to have b must have ?c may have d should haveso that 引导的状语从句中，主句是过去时，从句中用过去时 might / could /should。57. i am surprised_ this city is a dull place to live in.a that you should think b by what you are thinking c that you would think d with what you were thinkingshould do 表示惊讶，奇怪，欢欣等。it is strange that he should win the game.he was disappointed that she should love a boy three years younger than she.amazing strange odd ridiculous surprising unthinkable 48. he _ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. a. may have acted b. must have actedc. should act d. would act 57. i went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when i _ the journey in exactly two days.a. must take b. must have madec. was able to make d. could make48. you _ jim anything about it. it was none of his business. a. neednt have told b. neednt tell c. mustnt h