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镗套座底面4×M18螺纹底孔组合钻床及夹具设计【机械类毕业-含CAD图纸】,机械类毕业-含CAD图纸,镗套座,底面,m18,螺纹,罗纹,底孔,组合,钻床,夹具,设计,机械类,毕业,cad,图纸

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毕 业 设 计（论 文）任 务 书1本毕业设计（论文）课题应达到的目的： 通过进行本次毕业设计，全面系统地对学生进行设计方法和研究方法的基本训练。要求学生树立正确的设计思想，培养学生进行科学的研究。学生能独立进行资料的收集、加工与整理，能综合运用科学的理论、知识和技能，锻炼独立解决设计问题的能力，图纸绘制规范，符合国家标准，编写符合要求的设计说明书并答辩，从而使学生树立严谨、实事求是的科学态度，并掌握工程设计的一般程序规范和方法。 2本毕业设计（论文）课题任务的内容和要求（包括原始数据、技术要求、工作要求等）： 本课题为镗套座底面4M18螺纹底孔组合钻床及夹具设计。组合机床要求完成对镗套座底面4螺纹底孔的加工，年生产纲领2万台以上，加工对象：镗套座底面4加工孔的具体要求见图纸。要求完成组合钻床三图一卡设计、夹具装配图及主要零件图设计。 毕 业 设 计（论 文）任 务 书3对本毕业设计（论文）课题成果的要求包括图表、实物等硬件要求： 详细完整的毕业设计说明书一份；相关图纸一套；外文参考资料及译文。 4主要参考文献： 1 谢家瀛. 组合机床设计简明手册M.北京: 机械工业出版社，2002. 2 陈立德.机械制造装备设计M.北京:高等教育出版社，2010. 3 沈阳工业大学、大连铁道学院、吉林工业学院编. 组合机床设计M. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社，1985. 4 吴宗泽. 机械零件设计手册M. 北京: 机械工业出版社，2004. 5 闻邦椿. 机械设计手册M. 北京: 机械工业出版社，2010. 6 赵如福.金属机械加工工艺人员手册M.上海:上海科学技术出版社，1990. 7 孙丽媛.机械制造工艺及专用夹具设计指导M.北京:冶金工业出版社，2003. 8 李名望.机床夹具设计实例教程M.北京:化学工业出版社，2010. 9 上海柴油机厂研究所编. 金属切削机床夹具设计手册M.北京: 机械工业出版社，1984. 10 李绍珍. 机械制图M. 北京: 机械工业出版社，2002. 11 周鹏翔. 工程制图M. 北京: 高等教育出版社，2000. 12 王伯平. 互换性与测量技术基础M. 北京: 机械工业出版社，2009. 13 滕伟. 组合机床的配置形式及结构方案研究J. 装备制造技术,2011,卷（期）:05期 14 吴立梅. 组合机床发展及相关特点分析J. 科技资讯,2010,卷（期）:08期 15 顾琪等. 组合机床CAD技术的研究现状及进展J.机械设计与制造,2010,卷（期）:07期 16 Hyung Wook Park, Young Bin Park and Steven Y. Liang. Multi-procedure design optimization and analysis of mesoscale machine tools J. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2011, Volume :5 17 C. Brecher, D. Manohran and E. W. E. Stephan Witt. Structure integrated adaptronical systems for machine tools J. Production Engineering,2008, Volume :2 18 J. Fleischer, C. Munzinger and M. Trndle. Simulation and optimization of complete mechanical behaviour of machine tools J. Production Engineering,2008, Volume :2 毕 业 设 计（论 文）任 务 书5本毕业设计（论文）课题工作进度计划：2015.12.16-2016.3.9 查阅资料，调研撰写开题报告、外文参考资料及译文、论文大纲； 2016.3.9-2016.4.25 设计、计算、绘图；完成论文草稿、设计草图； 2016.4.25-2016.5.6 提交论文定稿及毕业设计图纸； 2016.5.6-2016.5.13 查看答辩安排，准备毕业答辩； 2016.5.13-2016.5.16 答辩。 所在专业审查意见：通过负责人： 2015 年 12 月23 日 毕 业 设 计（论文） 开 题 报 告 1结合毕业设计（论文）课题情况，根据所查阅的文献资料，每人撰写不少于1000字左右的文献综述： 1组合机床的概念组合机床，即根据加工工件的具体需求，整合了通用部件与专用部件（尽可能的使用通用部件约%70-90%）组成一种，高效的加工特殊工件的机床。组合机床是按系列化，标准化，按被加工零件的形状，以及加工工艺要求设计的专用机床。2.组合机床的特点以及发展趋势由于通用部件已经标准化系列化生产，可根需求的灵活配置，从而缩短了设计和制造的周期。并且组合机床的优点在于，提高生产效率，扩大工艺范围，提高加工精度，提高自动化程度，提高组合机床及其自动线的可调性等等。在大批量生产中得到广泛的应用，并可以组成较为完善的生产线。由万用机床和专用机床发展而来的。长久以来在机械产品加工中广泛的采用万能机床。随着生产的发展很多企业的产品产量越来越大，精度越来越高，如汽车，农用器械，压缩机等等需求量大的生产领域。其中特别是汽车工业，是组合机床最大的用户，如汽车发动机生产厂家。大量采用的是组合机床。而组合机床的技术水平和综合性能，在很大程度上决定了这些工业部门产品的生产效率，产品质量和企业生产组织结构，也在很大程度上决定了这些企业的产品的竞争力。现代化的组合机床更是在控制，驱动，检测，自动换刀，等方面的技术得到了飞速发展。同时作为大批量生产的主力设备，又需要本身具备一定的灵活性。3.组合机床的分类和工艺范围组合机床的通用部件分大型和小型两大类。大型通用部件是指电机功率为1.5-30KW的动力部件机器配套部件这类动力部件多为箱体移动的结构形式。小型通用部件是指点击功率在0.1-2.2KW 的动力部件及其配套部件。此类动力部件多套筒移动的结构形式。由此大小部件组成大小型号不同的组合机床。另外按配置形式又分为单工位和多工位机床两大类，单工位机床又有单面，双面，三面和四面集中，多工位机床则分为移动工作台、回转工作台、中央立柱式和回转式等配置形式。在车、铣、刨、铰、镗、攻丝等工序。在一定条件下一台组合机床就能完成上述工序。这在正常情况下需要大量的专用机床，组合机床相比单独的，车床 ，铣床，钻床分散加工，不仅降低了设备投入，减少了工作量，减小占用厂房的空间。毕 业 设 计（论文） 开 题 报 告 2本课题要研究或解决的问题和拟采用的研究手段（途径）： 1.课题研究的内容根据零件图分析本课题主要研究如何在保证加工质量的情况下高效率的完成“镗套底座4M18内螺纹孔加工”，其中还应考虑机床的设计制造成本以及操作的方便性。当今世界尤其是中国这种有着“世界加工厂”之称的制造业大国。随着我国经济增长放缓，世界经济全球化，对于所有行业来说都将会有更大的挑战。在装备制造的大型企业中，大多数机器零部件的制造都是由机床批量完成的，为此组合机床的运用也越来越广泛，能大大提高生产力，在如今自动化技术较为成熟的时期，组合机床结合自动化技术，使得生产效率更高，组合机床的设计研究具有非常重要的意义。因组合机床是有大量的通用部件和少量的专用部件组合且工序相对集中，即在一台机床上可以同时完成几种不同工序的加工，因此适应产量大，而集中的工序也提高了本身制造的精度。这客服了万用机床工序复杂，整理时间长，精度难以保证，劳动强度大，效率低等问题。经过查阅大量文献，资料，结合所学知识，以及以往实习中的一些经验，组合机床对于此类零件具有非常的优越性。 2.研究手段1.工艺分析 加工该内螺纹时，位置度公差约0.1mm 根据组合机床用的工艺方法以及能达到的经济精度，可采用以下加工方案。 钻底孔，倒角，攻丝。在底孔倒角是为了方便丝锥容易进入孔中，有利于准确的保证攻丝的深度。攻丝一般采用一个工步以此加工出需要的深度（但是当螺纹深度比较深时候可以利用二次进给的房价，即第一次攻到一段距离，丝锥反转退回后但是不全部退出，再正转攻进，一直到将通孔攻完。）考虑到本次攻丝深度30mm故选择多次攻进方法完成该螺纹。 2. 制定工艺方案。零件加工工艺将决定组合机床的加工质量、生产率、总体布局、夹具结构等，因此，制定工艺方案时候，需计算分析被加工零件图，并详细了解零件的形状、大小、材料、刚度、硬度、加工部位的结构特点和加工精度，表面粗糙度，以及定位，夹紧方法等等。并收集各个方面资料设计合理的工艺方案。3.定位基准选择加工此底座螺纹孔，采用一面两销定位，实现了完全定位。夹紧方式为工件侧面由上往下夹紧。4.夹具设计 本工件考虑到装配要求，制造基准劲量选择装配基准，即从上往下加工（以控制上下两面形位误差带来的加工误差）。所以并且考虑多轴头加工对机床自身刚性的要求，选择卧式机床工作侧压，由工件上表面方向下加工。采用人工夹紧。 毕 业 设 计（论文） 开 题 报 告 指导教师意见：1对“文献综述”的评语：通过查阅课题的相关资料，就相关的发展现状和发展趋势等做出分析，为下一步完成毕业设计任务打下一定基础。2对本课题的深度、广度及工作量的意见和对设计（论文）结果的预测：本课题的深度、广度适中，工作量适中，预测能较好的完成本次毕业设计。3.是否同意开题： 同意 不同意 指导教师： 2016 年 03 月 05 日所在专业审查意见：同意 负责人： 2016 年 03 月 08 日译文题目：The research and development of modular machine tool 组合机床的研究与开发The research and development of modular machine toolThe machine is a combination of a generic components and special parts of the process of high concentrated special machine. It can be a (or more), more than parts, many, many processing. The machine can complete drilling, reaming, boring, tapping, turning, milling, grinding and rolling process, high efficiency, stable machining accuracy.Combination machine tools and other special machine tool, general, has the following features:.(1) combination machine tools on the general standard of components and parts accounted for all the machine parts of 70-80%, design and manufacture of short cycle, less investment, economic effect is good.(2) the combination machine adopts many knives, and a high degree of automation, thus than general machine high production efficiency, stable product quality, low labor strength.(3) is the universal modular machine tool parts after careful design and long-term production practice, and have special test batches, therefore the stable structure, manufacture, use and maintenance work and reliable.(4) in combination machine processing parts, with special jig, tools and equipment, processing technology and equipment, the quality of on the technical level of operators.(5) when the products processed update, using other types of special machine, its most parts to discard. In general, the combination of machine parts and standard parts can be reused, without further design and manufacturing.(6) combination machine tools to represent combination machine tools, in order to adapt to the cycle of large-scale production needs.Although there are many advantages of modular machine tool, but also disadvantages:(1) the variability of modular machine tool, a universal reconfigured sometimes 10% 20% of the parts cant reuse, and refitted. When large quantities(2) universal modular machine tool parts not for a certain kind of machine design, it is a relatively wide adaptability. This will make the combination machine tools, special machine is a complex structure.The classification of 1.2 combination machine toolsCombination machine tools and large portfolio is two kinds of small combination machine tools, they not only in volume and power are the size and type in structure and allocation, etc have great difference. Here, the configuration of the large combination machine tools. Large portfolio of machine configuration can be divided into three categories:1.2.1 has fixed fixture were a combination machine toolsThis kind of modular machine tool fixtures and workbench are stationary. To realize dynamic slide into motion, smooth realization of dynamic box on the cutting. According to the dynamic box and spindle box of resettlement way, and can be divided into the following kinds:(1) the horizontal combination machine tools (horizontal) power box,(2) vertical combination machine tools (power box installed vertically),(3) tilted combination machine tools (power box installed); tilted(4) complex combination machine tools (power box with the installation of two or more).Given the fixture with multistage (portable) combination machine toolsThis kind of combination machine tools installation in the jig straight moving workbench or turn on the job, and do according to certain takt time interval, make Labour movement or get conversion. This kind of machine configuration, common four.(1) with the machine moving workbench, this kind of machine can make the fixture and workpiece beeline reciprocating movement.(2) with the rotary worktable, this machine tool fixtures and workpiece axis of rotation, round vertical can turn on the work in each workstation are usually equipped with workpiece.(3) drum machine, the machine tool for fixture and workpiece axis rotation around level can be. This machine of horizotal one-sided or horizontal commonly, but less USES double configuration of three. In addition, it also has FuSheShi except installation horizontal power components, perpendicular to the drum rebirth in the plane of the turn power components installed.(4) the central pillar machine, the machine has the mesa of larger diameter annular rotary worktable. On the central installation, the installation power components, but also in the workbench around are installed power components, horizontal and fixture is installed in the rotary table, this machine is generally complex.1.2.3 turret spindle box type combination machine toolsTurret spindle box type combination machine tools are divided into two classes: the uniaxial turret head type combination machine tools and multiaxial turret type combination machine tools. The former head of the turret each combination can be installed a rigid surfaces. The latter turret head each combination can be installed a spindle box surface. This machine general configuration types are:(1) turn tower only realize spindle box by cutting movement, the processing components, by the slide realize feed movement,(2) turn tower spindle box installed in turn on the slide spindle box tower, which can realize the cutting and feeding movement.One turret and spindle box type combination machine tools may be composed of three type double or, at the same time, the two or three of workpiece surface processing.130 combination machine tools of technologyCombination machine tools can be accomplished, milling process is flat surface, driving devicees, drilling, reaming, boring, reaming, tapping, deep hole drilling, economic, cutting, etc. Along with the development of integrated automation technology, the combination of complete machine can process is expanding constantly, except in the process, but also can complete car outside the circle, car, car indexing, cutting surface and thread, rolling, YuanZhuMian inside hole cut surface grinding, polishing, peace, and even honing, stamping, welding, and heat treatment, assembling, automatic measurement and check, etc.The development direction of 1.4 combination machine toolsIn recent years, combination machine tools in automobiles, tractors, diesel engine, motor, instruments, sewing machine, bicycle, valves, mining machinery, metallurgy, aviation, textile machinery and military department has won extensive use, some small batch production department also began to promote the use of. China in combination machine tools and the cycle will achieve rapid development, and its development direction for:To improve the level 1.4.1 general partsThe main measure of general component level standard is: variety specification complete, the static and dynamic performance parameters, the technology of advanced high accuracy and precision, provides better.Currently should pay attention to develop strong milling machine, high precision of high-power dynamic slippery 1ta series boring head with high precision, and adaptive sliding and small batch production, the fast speed in power components and supporting components.Mechanical drive power components has stable performance, high reliability, etc. At present, mechanical drive power components used communication frequency conversion variable speed motors and dc servo motor, so as to make mechanical drive power components added new competition ability.Power components with steel rail, using the ball screw, static guide and aero-static bearing, tooth-type belts and other new structure, bearing parts by welding structure, etc. Due to the increase of precision and parts of dynamic and static performance, which is obviously improve the machining precision workpiece surface roughness.1.4.2 increase productivityCurrently combination machine tools and the cycle of increasing productivity, cycle time is generally 1 2 minutes, only 10 30 seconds. The main methods to improve productivity is to improve the machine tool layout, increase and decrease of machining tool, cutting dosages, improve the machining allowance, work to improve the reliability and shorten the assistant time etc. In order to reduce the loss of the cycle of the cycle, parking, electronic computers are flexible management of the cycle.1.4.3 enlarge machining scopeNow combination machine tools and the cycle is completed a general has a few processes of workpieces, and is often used to finish all the processing procedure. Workpiece, Besides finished graphic milling, drilling past, reaming holes, tapping, economic, boring, has now expanded to finish machining, grinding and cutting, fine boring and machining (such as inspection, automatic assembly, cleaning, etc) and the classification of print test procedure.1.4.4 improve the machining accuracyNow in the combination machine tools and the cycle again into a lot of machining processes, such as: 1, fine boring hole processing position in 0.02 millimeters. In order to make the cycle can guarantee machining precision, stability and has been widely adopted automatically measuring tools and techniques that are automatically compensated, adjustable knives dont stop.1.4.5 increased automationCurrently combination machine tools and the cycle is developing very rapidly, and more and more combination machine tools for composition, modular machine tool itself is the cycle is the development direction of automatic. Therefore, the key is to solve the workpiece clamp pressure automation and handling automation.1.4.6 improve combination machine tools and automatic lineSmall batch production to improve the productivity of some of the cabinet, in recent years the development process of adjustable knives of combination machine tools and automatic line, they are using digital control program. In the early development of many varieties, grouping processing combination machine tools and automatic line, also created automatically change and change automatic machine, combination of spindle box for small batch production process can be automatically replaced the spindle box on the combination machine tools. Using a tool that can complete the whole process of a workpiece machining, can play the role of a line. Especially the development of digital control program for the development of this kind of machine tools, creating more favourable conditions.1.4.7 researchason super-mini combination machine toolsIn order to adapt to the instrument industry small box processing need, creating super-mini combination machine tools are required. This machine by the hydraulic head more super-mini pneumatic configuration, small size, high efficiency, and can achieve high machining accuracy.1.4.8 developing special combination machine tools and automatic lineAlong with the development of technology, the combination of machine has been used to specific objects designed according to the general, but can be used as varieties of batch production, processing products according to your own user needs, process equipment, tools and machining certain objects can be composed of efficient tool.组合机床的研究与发展组合机床是由大量的通用部件和少量专用部件组成的工序集中的高效专用机床。它能够对一种（或多种）零件进行多刀、多轴、多面、多工位加工。在组合机床上可以完成钻孔、扩孔、铰孔、镗孔、攻丝、车削、铣削、磨削及滚压等工序，生产效率高，加工精度稳定。组合机床与通用机床、其他专用机床比较，具有以下特点：(1)组合机床上的通用部件和标准零件约占全部机床零、部件总量的7080%，因此设计和制造的周期短，投资少，经济效果好。(2)由于组合机床采用多刀加工，并且自动化程度高，因而比通用机床生产效率高，产品质量稳定，劳动强度低。(3)组合机床的通用部件是经过周密设计和长期生产实践考验的，又有专门厂成批制造，因此结构稳定、工作可靠，使用和维修方便。(4)在组合机床上加工零件时，由于采用专用夹具、刀具和导向装置等，加工质量靠工艺装备保证，对操作工人的技术水平要求不高。(5)当被加工产品更新时，采用其他类型的专用机床时，其大部部件要报废。用组合机床时，其通用部件和标准零件可以重复利用，不必另行设计和制造。(6)组合机床易于联成组合机床自动线，以适应大规模的生产需要。组合机床虽然有很多优点，但也还有缺点：(1)组合机床的可变性较万能机床低，重新改装时有10%20%的零件不能重复利用，而且改装时劳动量较大。(2)组合机床的通用部件不是为某一种机床设计的，它是具有较广的适应性。这样，就使组合机床的结构较专用机床稍为复杂些。1.2组合机床的分类组合机床有大型组合机床与小型组合机床两大类，它们不仅在体积和功率上有大小之别，而且在结构和配置型式等方面也有很大的差异。这里主要说明大型组合机床的配置型式。大型组合机床的配置型式可分为三大类：1.2.1具有固定式夹具的单工位组合机床这类组合机床夹具和工作台都固定不动。动力滑台实现进给运动，滑台上的动力箱实现切削主运动。根据动力箱和多轴箱的安置方式不同，又可分为以下几种：(1)卧式组合机床（动力箱水平安装）；(2)立式组合机床（动力箱垂直安装）；(3)倾斜式组合机床（动力箱倾斜安装）；(4)复合式组合机床（动力箱具有上述两种以上的安装状态）。1.2.2具有移动式夹具的（多工位）组合机床这类组合机床的夹具安装在直线移动工作台或回转工作台上，并按照一定的节拍时间作间歇移动或转动，使工位得到转换。这类机床的配置型式，常见的有以下四种。(1)具有移动工作台的机床，这类机床的夹具和工件可作直线往复移动。(2)具有回转工作台的机床，这种机床的夹具和工件可绕垂直轴线回转，在回转工作台上每个工位通常都装有工件。(3)鼓轮式机床，这种机床的夹具和工件可绕水平轴线回转。此种机床一般为卧式单面或卧式双面，而较少采用三面配置。此外也有辐射式的，它除了安装卧式动力部件外，还在垂直于鼓轮回转的平面上安装动力部件。(4)中央立柱式机床，这种机床具有台面直径较大的环