云南雄业水泥4.5MW余热发电项目可行性报告.doc

the main street. the police had a difficult time, but they were most amused. jumbo must weigh a few tons, said a policeman afterwards, so it was fortunate that we didnt have to carry him. of course, we should arrest him, but as he has a good record, we shall let him off this time.lesson66 sweet as honey! 像蜜一样甜！the hatheld puffin is a modern aero-plane, but its designer, mr john wimpenny, is finding it difficult to get it off the ground. the reason for this is that this plane is also a bicycle. its pilot has to pedal hard to get it into the air. after mr wimpenny had the plane built, it was tested thoroughly. in 1961, it was the first man-powered aircraft to fly half a mile. while being flown by a champion amateur cyclist in 1963, the plane crashed on an airfield. since then, mr wimpenny has had it rebuilt. he has had the length of the wings increased so that they now measure 93 feet-almost as long as those of a dakota. many people have shown interest in this new and unusual sport. but though air cyclists may learn how to fly over short distances, and may, eventually, even get across the english channel, it is doubtful whether they will ever cycle across the atlantic.lesson67 volcanoes 火山haroun tazieff the polish scientist, has spent his life-time studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world. in 1948, he went to lake kivu in the congo to observe a new volcano which he later named kituro. tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently. though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long. he noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him. it threatened to surround him completely, but tazieff managed to escape just in time. he waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. this time, he managed to climb into the mouth of kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures. tazieff has often risked his life in this way. he has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive. lesson68 persistent 纠缠不休i crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. it was no use pretending that i had not seen him, so i waved to him. i never enjoy meeting bert dykes. he never has anything to do. no matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. i had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.hullo, bert, i said. fancy meeting you here !hullo, elizabeth, bert answered. i was just wondering how to spend the morning-until i saw you. youre not busy doing anything, are you ? no, not at all, i answered. im going to. .would you mind my coming with you ? he asked, before i had finished speaking. not at all, i lied, but im going to the dentist. then ill come with you, he answered. theres always plenty to read in the waiting room !lesson69 but not murder! 并非谋杀！i was being tested for a driving licence for the third time. i had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully. after having been instructed to drive out of town, i began to acquire confidence. sure that i had passed, i was almost beginning to enjoy my test. the examiner must have been pleased with my performance, for he smiled and said, just one more thing, mr eames. let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. as soon as i tap on the window, i want the car to be stopped immediately. i continued driving and after some time, the examiner tapped loudly. though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react. i suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we were both thrown forward. the examiner looked at me sadly. mr eames, he said, in a mournful voice, you have just killed that child ! lesson70 red for danger 危险的红色during a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. the crowd began to shout, but the drunk was unaware of the danger. the bull was busy with the matador at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap. apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk. the crowd suddenly grew quiet. the drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself. when the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass. the crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed. by this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk to safety. even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador.lesson71 a famous clock 一个著名的大钟when you visit london, one of the first things you will see is big ben, the famous clock which can be heard all over the world on the b.b.c. if the houses of parliament had hot been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected. big ben takes its name from sir benjamin hall who was responsible for the making of the clock when the new houses of parliament were being built. it is not only of immense size, but is extremely accurate as well. officials from greenwich observatory have the clock checked twice a day. on the b.b.c. you can hear the clock when it is actually striking because microphones are connected to the clock tower. big ben has rarely gone wrong. once, however, it failed to give the correct time. a painter who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint on one of the hands and slowed it down ! lesson72 a car called bluebird “蓝鸟”汽车the great racing driver, sir malcolm campbell, was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour. he set up a new world record in september 1935 at bonneville salt flats, utah. bluebird, the car he was driving, had been specially built for him. it was over 30 feet in length and had a 2500 horse-power engine. although campbell reached a speed of over 304 miles per hour, he had great difficulty in controlling the car because a tyre burst during the first run. after his attempt, campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour. however, a few days later, he was told that a mistake had been made. his average speed had been 301 miles per hour. since that time, racing drivers have reached speeds of over 400 miles an hour. following his fathers footsteps many years later, sir malcolms son, donald, also set up a world record. like his father, he was driving a car called bluebird.lesson73 the record-holder 纪录保持者little boys who play truant from school are unimaginative. a quiet days fishing, or eight hours in a cinema seeing the same film over and over again, is usually as far as they get. they have all been put to shame by a boy who, while playing truant, travelled 1600 miles. he hitch- hiked to dover and, towards evening, went into a boat to find somewhere to sleep. when he woke up next morning, he discovered that the boat had, in the meantime, travelled to calais. no one noticed the boy as he crept off. from there, he hitch-hiked to paris in a lorry. the driver gave him a few biscuits and a cup of coffee and left him just outside the city. the next car the boy stopped did not take him into the centre of paris as he hoped it would, but to perpignan on the french-spanish border. there he was picked up by a policeman and sent back to england by the local authorities. he has surely set up a record for the thousands of boys who dream of evading school.lesson74 out of the limelight 舞台之外an ancient bus stopped by a dry river bed and a party of famous actors and actresses got off. dressed in dark glasses and old clothes, they had taken special precautions so that no one should recognize them. but as they soon discovered, disguises can sometimes be too perfect.this is a wonderful place for a picnic, said gloria gleam. it couldnt be better, gloria, brinksley meers agreed. no newspaper men, no film fans! why dont we come more often ? meanwhile, two other actors, rockwall slinger and merlin greeves, had carried two large food baskets to a shady spot under some trees. when they had all made themselves comfortable, a stranger appeared. he looked very angry. now you gut out of here, all of you! he shouted: im sheriff here. do you see that notice ? it says no camping-in case you cant read ! look, sheriff, said rockwall, dont be too hard on us. im rockwall slinger and this is merlin greeves. oh, is it ? said the sheriff with a sneer. well, im brinksley meers, and my other name is gloria gleam. now you get out of here fast !lesson75 sos 呼救信号when a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed. the only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters, were unhurt. it was the middle of winter. snow lay thick on the ground. the woman knew that the nearest village was miles away. when it grew dark. she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find. during the night, it got terribly cold. the woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small. early ,next morning she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal. then she had an idea. she stamped out the letters sos in the snow. fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town. it was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.lesson76 april fools day 愚人节to end our special news bulletin, said the voice of the television announcer, we are taking you to the macaroni fields of calabria. macaroni has been grown in this area for over six hundred years. two of the leading growers, giuseppe moldova and ricardo brabante, tell me that they have been expecting a splendid crop this year and harvesting has begun earlier than usual. here you can see two workers who, between them, have just finished cutting three cart-loads of golden brownmacaroni stalks. the whole village has been working day and night gathering and threshing this years crop before the september rains. on the right, you can see mrs brabante herself. she has been helping her husband for thirty years now. mrs brabante is talking to the manager of the local factory where the crop is processed. this last scene shows you what will happen at the end of the harvest : the famous calabrian macaroni-eating competition ! signor fratelli, the present champion, has won it every year since 1961. and that ends our special bulletin for today, thursday, april 1st. we are now returning you to the studio.lesson77 a successful operation 一例成功的手术the mummy of an egyptian woman who died in 800 b.c. has just had an operation. the mummy is that of shepenmut who was once a singer in the temple of thebes. as there were strange marks on the x-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. the only way to do this was to operate. the operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. the doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. they also found something which the x-ray of the god duamutef. this god which has the head of a cow was normally placedinside a mummy. the doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. they feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. the mummy successfully survived the operation. lesson78 the last one? 最后一枝吗？after reading an article entitled cigarette smoking and your health i lit a cigarette to calm my nerves. i smoked with concentration and pleasure as i was sure that this would be my last cigarette. for a whole week i did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered terribly. i had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite. my friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars. they made no effort to hide their amusement whenever i produced a packet of sweets from my pocket. after seven days of this i went to a party. everybody around me was smoking and i felt extremely uncomfortable. when my old friend brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than i could bear. i took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction. my wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more. anyway, as brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking. he himself has done it lots of times! lesson79 by air 乘飞机i used to travel by air a great deal when i was a boy. my parents, used to live in south america and i used to fly there from europe in the holidays. an airhostess would take charge of me and i never had an unpleasant experience. i am used to travelling by air and only on one occasion have i ever felt frightened. after taking off, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height, when the plane suddenly turned round and flew back to the airport. while we were waiting to land, an air-hostess told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as it had touched down. everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened. later we learnt that there was a very important person on board. the police had been told that a bomb had been planted on the plane. after we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly. fortunately, nothing was found and five hours later we were able to take off again.lesson80 the crystal palace 水晶宫perhaps the most extraordinary building of the nineteenth century was the crystal palace, which was built in hyde park for the great exhibition of 1851. the crystal palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of iron and glass. it was one of the biggest buildings of all time and a lot of people from many countries came to see it. a great many goods were sent to the exhibition from various parts of the world. there was also a great deal of machinery on display. the most wonderful piece of machinery on show was nasmyths steam hammer. though in those days, travelling was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of visitors across the channel from europe. on arriving in england, they were taken to the crystal palace by train. there were six million visitors in all, and the profits from the exhibition were used to build museums云南曲靖雄业水泥有限责任公司2500t/d新型干法熟料水泥生产线余热发电工程可行性研究报告1. 项目概况项目名称：云南曲靖雄业水泥有限责任公司2500t/d新型干法熟料水泥生产线余热发电工程建设地点：本项目建设地点为云南省曲靖市云南曲靖雄业水泥有限责任公司内，为雄业水泥有限责任公司2500t/d新型干法熟料水泥生产线配套工程。项目建设内容和规模：本项目为曲靖雄业水泥有限责任公司2500t/d新型干法熟料水泥生产线配套4.5mw余热发电工程，工程包括：4.5mw电站的汽轮机厂房、主控配电楼、化学水处理、罐区、机力通风冷却塔及泵站、窑头余热锅炉及沉降室、窑尾余热锅炉等生产车间各一套。企业概况：云南曲靖雄业水泥有限责任公司位于曲靖市城南三宝镇张家营，距城区18km，距326国道3km，曲靖茨营三级公路由厂边经过，规划中的曲靖恩洪高等级公路由厂区西南经过，距厂500米，交通条件优越。2500t/d新型干法熟料水泥生产线技改工程位于原立窑旁，立窑年生产水泥能力为15万吨。原为曲靖市管理水平较高，产品质量较好的水泥企业，为曲靖市的经济发展做出了重要贡献。为谋求长远发展，使产品上档次，上规模，调整结构，云南曲靖雄业水泥有限责任公司出资，在一期生产线旁建设一条2500t/d熟料水泥新型干法生产线，采用五级旋风预分解窑生产工艺。现为生产节能，降低能耗，云南曲靖雄业有限责任公司拟建设配套2500t/d熟料水泥生产线4.5mw余热发电工程。2 技术方案2.1电站总平面布置及交通运输2.1.1电站总平面布置：本次电站工程包括：4.5mw电站的汽轮机厂房、主控配电楼、化学水处理、罐区、机力通风冷却塔及泵站、窑头余热锅炉及沉降室、窑尾余热锅炉等生产车间各一套。根据2500t/d熟料生产线的布置及发电工艺流程，窑尾余热锅炉布置在2500t/d熟料生产线窑尾厂房南侧空余场地上；窑头余热锅炉布置在2500t/d熟料生产线窑头厂房旁的空地上；汽轮发电机房、在水泥生产线中的空余场地内；化学制水车间、冷却塔布置在厂区空地上；窑头余热锅炉aqc炉、窑尾余热锅炉sp炉均为露天布置；汽轮发电机组、中央控制室、高低压配电室、化学水处理设施均为室内布置，循环水泵为室内布置。2.1.2道路工程技改项目完成后，厂内将成纵横成网、互相贯通的道路，用于生产、消防和检修，故电站区域利用建成后道路网络。2.1.3竖向设计和雨水排除在竖向设计时，根据工厂的现有建筑物及场地标高，合理拟定电站车间的标高。土方工程在水泥生产线建设时已统一考虑，并已经平整完毕，本工程不考虑土方工程量。工厂内已建有布局合理的雨水沟，工厂的雨水排除可得到可靠考证，故电站区域不再新建雨水沟，该区域的雨水汇入工厂已有的雨水排除系统。总图技术经济指标序号指标名称单位4.5mw电站1电站区域占地面积m242002建、构筑物占地面积m210903建筑系数%26.14绿化系数%28.35绿化面积m211892.2热力系统及装机方案2.2.1热力系统及装机方案设计前提根据2500t/d水泥生产线的废气情况，热力系统及装机方案应考虑下述前提条件：1) 充分利用2500t/d水泥生产线窑头熟料冷却机及窑尾预热器废气余热。为充分利用窑头熟料冷却机废气余热，提高窑头余热锅炉的烟气温度，使之产生与窑尾余热锅炉相同参数的过热蒸汽，因此对窑头熟料冷却机进行改造，取用其中段废气余热。根据公司提供的数据水泥生产线废气可利用的余热量为：a经过技术改造后实际2500t/d水泥生产线窑头熟料冷却机中部废气余热为105000m3/h（标况）350206。具有约3303104kj/h的热量b. 窑尾预热器废气余热为173000m3/h（标况）330206（排出的废气考虑用于生料烘干该温度值由水泥工艺确定），具有约3478104kj/h的热量。2) 本工程实施后电站不应向电网返送电；3) 本纯余热电站的建设及生产运行应不影响水泥生产系统的生产运行；4) 本纯余热电站的系统及设备应以成熟可靠、技术先进、节省投资、提高效益为原则，并考虑目前国内余热发电设备实际技术水平。5) 烟气通过余热锅炉沉降下来的窑灰应回收并用于水泥生产以达到资源综合利用及环境保护的目的。2.2.2热力系统方案及装机容量根据目前国内纯余热发电技术及装备现状，结合水泥窑生产线余热资源情况，并根据本工程项目建议书确定的装机规模，本工程装机方案采用纯低温余热发电技术。综合考虑目前水泥生产线窑头、窑尾的余热资源分布情况和水泥窑的运行状况，在充分利用余热的前提下，以“稳定、可靠、技术先进、不影响水泥生产”为原则，确定热力系统及装机方案如下：本系统主机包括两台余热锅炉及一套凝汽式汽轮发电机组，装机容量为4.5mw。在水泥窑窑头熟料冷却机中部的废气出口与窑头废气袋收尘器间设余热锅炉一台，即aqc炉。保留冷却机原有烟道作为aqc炉低温段的排风烟道，当aqc炉故障检修时，水泥烧成系统可以继续运行，不影响水泥线的正常生产。aqc炉一段生产8.091.35mpa-330的过热蒸汽， aqc炉二段生产2.1mpa-110的高温热水。在窑尾预热器废气出口与窑尾高温风机间设余热锅炉一台，即sp炉。sp炉废气设旁通烟道，当sp炉故障检修时，水泥烧成系统生产可以继续进行而不受任何影响。sp炉生产1.25mpa1.35mpa-310的过热蒸汽。与两台余热锅炉配套，设置一台4.5mw凝汽式汽轮发电机组。aqc炉一段、sp炉生产的蒸汽共同作为汽轮机的主进汽推动汽轮机作功，aqc炉二段生产的高温热水作为aqc炉一段、sp炉的给水， 2.2.3 aqc余热锅炉窑头熟料冷却机中间出口废气参数：105000m3/h(标况)360。此部分废气全部进入aqc余热锅炉用于发电。aqc炉出口废气温度为100。 aqc炉受热面分为两段：第一段蒸汽段，生产8.09t/h-1.35mpa330的过热蒸汽。第二段热水段，生产22t/h-2.1mpa110热水用于加热汽轮机凝结水，提高aqc蒸汽段及sp锅炉的给水温度。2.2.4 sp余热锅炉 目前水泥窑尾预热器出口烟气进入高温风机后再进入生料磨，用于烘干。同时需要进行增湿减温，造成能源浪费。窑尾预热器出口废气参数:173000m3/h(标况)330206。sp炉出口废气参数：189000m3/h(标况)225。sp炉出口烟气经高温风机后再进入生料磨，用于烘干。sp炉受热面为一段：蒸汽段，生产12.56t/h-1.35mpa310的过热蒸汽。2.2.5 热力系统根据热力计算及主机配置情况确定热力系统如下：汽轮机凝结水经凝结水泵送入真空除氧器，再经给水泵为窑头熟料冷却机