高中英语（北师大版）必修5课时训练：第15单元过关检测

第15单元过关检测.单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.The scientific research personnel who held the post without must be transferred to another post.A.applicationB.assignmentC.punishmentD.qualification提示:句意为“必须把滥竽充数的科研人员调到其他工作岗位上去”。application“运用,申请”;assignment“作业,任务”;punishment“惩罚”;qualification“资格”。 答案:D2.Both radio and television keep us informed of the news of the day and us in many fields of interest.A.instructB.productC.introduceD.construct提示:句意为“收音机和电视机都能使我们了解一天的新闻,在许多有益的方面能对我们有所指导”。instruct“指导,教导”;product“产品”;introduce“介绍”;construct“建筑”。答案:A3.After a days hard work,Mr Liu on the sofa and fell fast asleep.A.laid offB.lay downC.laid outD.laid up提示:lay off“解雇”;lie down“躺下,躺着”;lay out“展开,布置”;lay up“储存,使某人卧床”。答案:B4.How is your company getting along?,it is at risk of closing down.A.Sooner or laterB.To tell you the truthC.More or lessD.To start with提示:句意:“你的公司进展如何?说实话,它有倒闭的危险。”sooner or later“迟早”;to tell you the truth“说实话”;more or less“或多或少”;to start with“开始”。答案:B5.Every weekend we spend a long time in the park, birds and animals.A.observingB.observedC.to observeD.observe 提示:此处应用动词现在分词作状语,表示伴随状况。答案:A6.He wasted so much money,which to do something meaningful.A.must have been usedB.would have been usedC.need have been usedD.should have been used提示:句意为“他浪费了那么多钱,那些钱本来应该花在做有意义的事情上”。should have done表示“本该做(而未做)”。答案:D7.Do you know the millionaire,Mr Johnson?Sure.He has a for greediness.A.reputationB.fameC.statusD.stage提示:have a reputation for“因而闻名”,其中reputation和fame都表示“名声”,但fame一般仅指好的名声,而reputation既可指好名声,也可指坏名声。status则指“社会地位”。答案:A8.Because of his extraordinary capacity,the young army officer got to the rank of captain.A.promotedB.promotingC.to promoteD.promote提示:get done表示被动意义。 答案:A9.He be aware of the bad news,for he looks sad.A.needB.canC.mustD.would提示:根据后面的“.for he looks sad.”可知,前半句表示“他一定意识到那则坏消息”,故应用must表示推测,意为“一定”。答案:C10.For children,a pat on the back is much more to their healthy development than blaming them.A.outstandingB.beneficialC.worthyD.common提示:句意为“对于孩子来说,拍拍其后背远比责备他们对他们的健康发展更有利”。beneficial“有益的,有利的”,符合句意。答案:B11.She has too much housework to do after her marriage she is not so socially active as before.A.so thatB.even ifC.as long asD.in order that提示:句意为“结婚后她有太多家务要做,以至于她不像以前那样积极参加社会活动了”。根据句意应用so that引导结果状语从句。答案:A12.Its time that we action to fight against air pollution.A.takeB.are takingC.tookD.have taken提示:Its time that.后面的从句应用虚拟语气结构,此处应用过去时态。答案:C13. many times,the young man is at the point of giving up taking the driving test.A.Being failedB.FailedC.Having failedD.Failing提示:fail这一动作在句子谓语动词动作之前发生,且它和句子主语之间为主动关系,故应用其现在分词的完成式作状语。答案:C14.Shall I help you carry your travel case to the train,Granny?Oh,no,my boy.Its not heavy.Thanks all the same.A.enoughB.muchC.asD.that提示:此处应用that,相当于so,表示“那么”。答案:D15.Thanks for having us.We really enjoyed your wonderful Chinese dinner,Mrs Cheng.A.Really?You know,in fact Im good at cooking Chinese food.B.Oh,Im afraid I didnt cook very well.C.Im glad you enjoyed it.D.Its not necessary for you to say so.Were good friends,arent we?提示:上句以赞美的话表示谢意,答句应用“Its my pleasure.”或“Im glad you enjoyed it.”等表示回应。答案:C.完形填空阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。There is a fine line between a parent who is active and open-minded and one that doesnt know when to let go(放手).As my daughter,Nicole,prepares to leave home for college,I discover how hard it is to stay on the 16 side of this line.When I hold 17 the apron strings(围裙带)connecting us,Nicole,eager to 18 independence,tries to loosen my grasp.What results is a(n)19 mother-daughter,push-me,pull-you kind of tango.For the past two years,its gone like this:Mothers question:“Have you thought of taking an advanced placement class(大学预修课程)so that you can earn college credit?”Daughters 20:“No,Im not interested in that.”.I bit my lip a few times and Nicole shot me a few glares.Two months ago,she was 21 to a great university.However,I was still the mother having a 22 time letting go.The night before the introductory meeting of the university,I had read the course catalog(大学概况手册)carefully and 23 courses which I thought looked good.We met on the campus the next afternoon,and Nicoles face 24 with excitement.“I have had my entire schedule figured out,” she said.“Already?” I was astonished,25 she should have discussed it with me.I examined the schedule.Nicole hadnt taken a(n)26 one of the courses I had suggested.Every course she had chosen 27 suited her interests.Just then I saw a mature,capable young woman with a 28 mind and the ability to shape her future.She no longer needed her mother 29 every decision she made.I felt proud,though still a bit 30.I 31 the lessons carefully.Nicole has struggled to learn over the past 18 years:32,sympathy,and hard work.There have been a few holes along the way.33,she is well-equipped and eager to 34 the future.The next step,I recognised,was mine to take:giving my daughter and myself the 35 we both needed.16.A.leftB.rightC.eitherD.each提示:right意为“恰当的”,此处表示作者不知怎样做才好,认为很难把握适当的尺度。答案:B17.A.ontoB.upC.backD.out提示:hold onto “抓住不放”。答案:A18.A.keepB.refuseC.tasteD.bear提示:keep一词干扰性很强,但若用keep ,需用keep independent表示“保持独立”,这样就表明女儿一直是独立的,这与母亲抓住女儿不放的语境不符,也与原文的independence不搭配。故填taste,表明女儿渴望体会一下独立的滋味。答案:C19.A.awkwardB.relaxingC.livelyD.beautiful提示:女儿想独立,而母亲放心不下,母女相争,这样自然是很令人“尴尬的”场面。答案:A20.A.commentB.wordC.conceptD.response提示:response “回答”,上文的“Mothers question.”给出了提示。答案:D21.A.receivedB.invitedC.treatedD.admitted提示:be admitted to“加入,被接纳”。答案:D22.A.goodB.greatC.hardD.easy提示:由上文的“.doesnt know when to let go(放手).”可知。答案:C23.A.takenB.underlinedC.offeredD.emphasized提示:作者把她认为重要的课程画上线,意思是让女儿去选。答案:B24.A.lit upB.built upC.turned upD.made up提示:light up“(使)变得容光焕发或振奋”,此处表示在大学校园里,女儿非常高兴。答案:A25.A.imaginingB.thinkingC.hopingD.adding提示:此处用thinking表示作者自己的想法,不能用hoping“希望”。答案:B26.A.onlyB.justC.evenD.single提示:single “单一的”,起加强语气的作用。表示她建议的课程女儿竟然一个都没选!答案:D27.A.mostlyB.hardlyC.exactlyD.slightly提示:所选的课程完全都是符合她自己兴趣的课程。exactly“完全地;确切地”。答案:C28.A.sharpB.normalC.differentD.typical提示:sharp mind“敏捷的头脑”与前面的mature,capable形成照应,均用于形容女儿。答案:A29.A.encouragingB.evaluatingC.disagreeingD.agreeing提示:女儿已经长大(mature)并且很能干(capable),因此不需母亲去评价(evaluating)她所作出的决定。agree为不及物动词,故不可选。答案:B30.A.anxiousB.excitedC.sadD.tense提示:though一词的转折决定此处应该将excited排除。根据上下文,应该填sad。看到女儿能自立了,当母亲的自然会骄傲,但又感到有点伤感。答案:C31.A.reviewedB.observedC.checkedD.studied提示:因为宾语是lesson(教训),此处应该填review 表示“回顾”。答案:A32.A.abilityB.diligenceC.responsibilityD.confidence 提示:responsibility“责任感”。答案:C33.A.ThereforeB.YetC.StillD.Besides提示:前一句说沿途有一些坎坷,空后面是她已经为未来做好了充分准备。所以此处应该用表示具有转折意义的词,故填yet“然而”。答案:B34.A.embraceB.discoverC.determineD.control提示:此题可用排除法做。填embrace(拥抱),符合上下文语境。表明女儿已经准备好拥抱未来,完全可以独立生活了。答案:A35.A.characterB.strengthC.reliefD.independence提示:母亲经过反思后想通了,自然要充分放手,这样会给母女都带来自由。答案:D.阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。AWhat do you hear?Sounds all around you!You can hear the sound of traffic,the wind in the trees,a dog barking,your own breathing and lots of other things.But what is sound?Sound happens when something vibrates(振动)or shakes.We can make something vibrate by hitting it.Try this experiment.Put your ruler on your desk so that part of it sticks out(伸出)over the edge.Put your hand on the part of the ruler that is on the desk.Now pull the part that is sticking out over the edge down,and then let it go.The part you let go will vibrate.It will move up and down very quickly,and give out sound.The part of the ruler sticking out over the edge of the desk produced the sound.If you make that part longer,you will hear a lower sound.When you shorten it,you will hear a higher sound.Why does this happen?When you shorten the ruler,it will vibrate more quickly.When something vibrates more quickly it produces a higher sound.If you lengthen the ruler,it will vibrate more slowly.When something vibrates more slowly,it produces a lower sound.36.How does sound happen?A.When something vibrates or shakes.B.When hitting at something.C.When a ruler is put at the edge of the desk.D.A and B.提示:细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“But what is sound?Sound happens when something vibrates(振动)or shakes.”可知答案。答案:A37.We can hear a sound if we make the part of the ruler sticking out over the edge of the desk longer.A.higherB.lowerC.strongD.nice提示:细节理解题。根据第三段中“If you make that part longer,you will hear a lower sound.When you shorten it,you will hear a higher sound.”可知答案。答案:B38.The underlined word “lengthen” in the passage means“”in Chinese.A.加长B.缩短C.敲击D.摇动提示:词义猜测题。根据前一句说明事物振动越快就发出越高的声音,故如果将尺子加长,则其振动越慢,发出的声音也就越低。故此处lengthen意思是“加长”。答案:A39.The best title of the passage is .A.An ExperimentB.A Way of Making SoundC.Sounds Are Around UsD.Sounds Are Bad for Us提示:主旨大意题。文章重点说明了“声音”是如何产生的,故用D项作为标题具有很强的概括性。答案:DBAliens may exist but mankind should avoid contact with them as the consequences could be devastating(毁灭性的),British scientist Stephen Hawking warned in a new television series.“If aliens visit us,the result would be much as when Columbus landed in America,which didnt turn out well for the native Americans.”The programs,part of the series “Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking” on the Discovery Channel,which began broadcasting in the US,describe an imagined universe featuring alien life forms in huge spaceships on the hunt for resources after using up all the resources from their home planet.“Such advanced aliens would perhaps attempt to conquer and colonize whatever planets they can reach,” warned Hawking.The universe has 100 billion galaxies,each containing hundreds of millions of stars.In such a big place,the Earth is unlikely to be the only planet where life has existed.On the probability of alien life existing,he says,“To my mathematical brain,the numbers alone make thinking about aliens perfectly reasonable.The real challenge is to work out what aliens might actually be like.” The answer is that most of them will be in the form of bacteria or simple animals.Mankind has already made a number of attempts to contact extraterrestrial civilizations(地外文明).In 2008,American space agency NASA sent the Beatles song Across the Universe into deep space to send a message of peace to any alien that happens to be in the region of the North Star in 2439.But the history of humanitys efforts to contact aliens dates back some years.The US spaceships Pioneer 10 and 11 were sent up in 1972 and 1973 carrying pictures of a man and woman and symbols seeking to convey the positions of the Earth and the Sun.Voyager 1 and 2,sent up in 1977,carried a disk with recordings of sounds and pictures on Earth.40.According to Stephen Hawking,aliens .A.would never reach our solar systemB.are attempting to get in touch with humansC.are likely to bring about disasters to humansD.would most probably change views of humans提示:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Aliens may exist but mankind should avoid contact with them as the consequences could be devastating(毁灭性的).”可知,史蒂芬霍金认为外星人有可能给人类带来灾难。答案:C41.What is Stephen Hawkings attitude towards humans contact with aliens?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Confused.提示:推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If aliens visit us,the result would be much as when Columbus landed in America,which didnt turn out well for the native Americans.”及第二段中的“Such advanced aliens would perhaps attempt to conquer and colonize whatever planets they can reach.”可知,史蒂芬霍金对与外星人接触持否定态度。答案:B42.From the passage we can infer that aliens .A.do exist in the universe in theoryB.have visited the Earth without us knowing itC.have much more advanced civilizationsD.exist in the form of bacteria or simple animals提示:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In such a big place,the Earth is unlikely to be the only planet where life has existed.On the probability of alien life existing.”及“To my mathematical brain,the numbers alone make thinking about aliens perfectly reasonable.”可推知,从理论上说,外星人确实是存在的。答案:A43.The spaceships carrying a disk with recordings of sounds and pictures were sent up in .A.1972B.1973C.1977D.2008提示:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Voyager 1 and 2,sent up in 1977,carried a disk with recordings of sounds and pictures on Earth.”可知,旅行者1号及2号,携带着刻有地球音像资料的磁盘,于1977年被送入太空。答案:CCThe trouble with school is that you cant choose the people you get to see every day.If youre unlucky enough to be stuck with classmates who dont really “get” you,youve just got to try to make the best of it.But that doesnt mean you need to “fit in”,or at least in the way that people think.If you try to transform yourself into a clone of everyone else,it wont help you make friends.Itll just make you feel like a fake.You also shouldnt shut down or refuse to be friends with everyone who doesnt like you.If you do that,youll just make yourself miserable.Instead,youve got to work on being comfortable and confident with whom you are while ignoring all the haters.Keep on speaking up,asking questions and getting to know people better.If you send out positive energy,then people will generally send some back to you.If you feel like youre doing all that but still not getting anywhere,then dont give up.Just expand your circle.Get a part-time job at a cool-looking place,join an after-school art class or youth groupdo whatever it takes to find a couple of like-minded people to connect with.A fun book called Uncool,by Erin Elisabeth Conley,has some tips for folks like you who want to stay positive at school while being true to your personality:Be kind to your fellow misfits.Throw caution to the wind.Take chances with fashion,hobbies,hopes and dreams.Dont be afraid to look strange.Have patience with people who are different from you.Dont change just because someone else thinks you should.Know that even though you may be a misfit, theres always some place where you will be welcome in the world.44.This passage was written mainly for .A.studentsB.teachersC.doctorsD.scientists提示:推理判断题。 根据第一段中的“The trouble with school is that you cant choose the people you get to see every day.”及全文内容可推断,本文主要是为学生写的。答案:A45.According to the author,what should you do if you meet people who dont appreciate you?A.Ask someone else for help.B.Try your best to fit in with them.C.Ignore their different opinions.D.Show positive attitude toward them.提示:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you send out positive energy,then people will generally send some back to you.”可知答案。答案:D46.The author agrees that you should take part in more activities in order to .A.find a better place to make friendsB.get to know more friendly peopleC.get more chances of making friendsD.lay a better foundation for your future job提示:推理判断题。根据第四段中的“.do whatever it takes to find a couple of like-minded people to connect with.”可知答案。答案:C47.In the book Uncool,Erin Elisabeth Conley thinks you should .A.always be kind to your friendsB.tolerate others mistakesC.help improve characters of othersD.keep your own personality提示:推理判断题。根据最后一部分中的“Dont change just because someone else thinks you should.”可推断答案。答案:D.任务型读写阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填一个单词。I dont believe that there is a secret for success.Instead,I believe success is the result of a combination of different factors.The more factors you have on your side,the more likely you are to succeed,and positive attitude is just one of those factors.Here are another seven factors that are also important.KnowledgeKnowledge is one of the key factors of success.So,if you want to succeed,you should lay a good foundation in the area to build your knowledge.Natural talentSome people are born with a quality to succeed in certain areas.Find this out for yourself by trying different activities.The things you do with little effort are likely near your natural talent,and natural talent combined with hard work leads to greatness.Clear goalsMuch like a trip,its easier to get where you want to go if you know where youre going.Keep your goal in mind,and then take actions to move towards it.PassionA desire to dig deep into a particular area is often a sign that youll find success there.Much as with your natural talent,the way to find your passion is to touch on different areas and see what job you are fit for.Great effortHard work is another key to finding success.If you want to succeed in a certain area,work hard in that area and go beyond what others are doingpractice is one big key.LuckLuck also plays an important role in successsometimes things just click due to forces beyond your control.You can improve your luck by making as many strong personal contacts as you can in order to increase “luck”.SupportAlong with luck comes supportthe fact that others are working in small ways to h