高考英语一轮复习 第1部分 module 1 small talk课时作业 外研版选修

到乌蒙山区的昭通;从甘肃中部的定西，到内蒙古边陲的阿尔山，看真贫、知真贫，真扶贫、扶真贫，成为“花的精力最多”的事;“扶贫先扶志”“扶贫必扶智”“实施精准扶贫”Module 1 Small Talk .完形填空Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative (保守的) person who is _1.A_ only among those with whom he is familiar. When a stranger is present, he often seems nervous, 2.C_ embarrassed. You have to take a commuter train (通勤车) any morning or evening to _3.B_ the truth of this. Seriouslooking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or _4.C_off in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite offensive (冒犯的)_5.D_， there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior, which, once _6.D_， makes the offender immediately the object of _7.C_.One of the few things we can say about the British with certainty is that a British takes a(n)_8.B_ to the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it _9.A_. Some people argue that it is because the British weather _10.D_ follows forecast and thus becomes a source of interest to everyone. This may be so. Certainly a British cannot have much _11.A_ in the weathermen, whose predictions, in many cases, _12.C_ to be wrong! The man in the street seems to be as accurateor as inaccurateas the weathermen in his _13.B_.Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references _14.D_ weather that the British make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are _15.C_ by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isnt it？”“Beautiful day！” may well be heard instead of“Good morning, how are you？”_16.B_ the foreigner may consider this exaggerated (夸大的) and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his_17.B_. If he wants to start a conversation with a British but is _18.A_ to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a(n) _19.D_ subject to which a response may well be _20.A_ of even the most reserved of the British. 文章大意：英国人安静、保守，陌生人之间很少交谈，但他们却非常喜欢谈论天气，因此，天气也就成为了与英国人开始一段谈话的常用话题。1A.relaxedBfrustratedCamusedDexhausted解析relaxed意为“放松的”；frustrated意为“沮丧的，挫败的”；amused意为“愉悦的”；exhausted意为“疲惫的，耗尽的”。根据第一段第二句中的“When a stranger is present，he often seems nervous”可知，英国人只在其熟悉的人面前感到放松，故A项正确。2A.yetBotherwiseCeven Dso解析yet意为“然而”；otherwise意为“否则，另外”；even意为“甚至”；so意为“所以”。句意为：在陌生人面前，英国人会显得紧张，甚至感到尴尬。此处表示递进关系，故C项正确。3A.experience BwitnessCwatch Dundertake解析experience意为“经历，体验”；witness意为“目击，证明”；watch意为“观察”；undertake意为“承担；允诺”。根据本段最后一句所描述的商务人士在火车上的表现可知此处表示“在任意一个早上或者晚上乘通勤车的时候，你都可以证明这一事实”，故B项正确。4A.whispering BmurmuringCnodding Dlaughing解析whisper意为“耳语，低声说”；murmur意为“低语”；nod意为“点头”；laugh意为“嘲笑”。上文提到在陌生人面前，英国人会显得紧张，再结合此空后的hardly anybody talks可知，表情严肃的商人和女士坐在那里看报纸或者在角落里打盹儿。nod off意为“打瞌睡，打盹”，为固定短语，符合语境。5A.Hopefully BExactlyCFrequentlyDObviously解析句意为：显然，在英国有个不成文但人尽皆知的行为准则，一旦有人打破这一准则，这个人就会立刻成为被批评的对象。hopefully意为“有希望地，有前途地”；exactly意为“恰好地，精确地”；frequently意为“频繁地”；obviously意为“显然地，显而易见地”。根据语境可知D项正确。6A.developedBobservedCfollowed Dbroken解析此处表示一旦规则被打破，故D项正确。7A.doubt BargumentCcriticismDpraise解析上半句提到这是一个人尽皆知的行为准则，故一旦有人打破，则肯定成为批评的对象。doubt意为“怀疑”；argument意为“争论”；criticism意为“批评”；praise意为“赞美，赞扬”。根据语境可知C项正确。8A.emotion BfancyClikelinessDjudgment解析emotion意为“情感，情绪”；fancy意为“想像，喜爱”；likeliness意为“可能性”；judgment意为“判断，裁决”。根据下文可知，英国人喜欢谈论天气。take a fancy to sth./sb.意为“喜欢某事或某人”，为固定短语，符合语境。9A.at length Bat lastCat mostDat least解析at length意为“长时间地”；at last意为“最后，终于”；at most意为“至多”；at least意为“至少”。根据语境可知此处表示英国人如有机会就会畅谈天气，故A项正确。10A.alwaysBoftenCconstantlyDseldom解析根据11空后的“the weathermen, whose predictions，in many cases，_12_ to be wrong”可知，英国的天气预报很少是准确的，故此处用seldom“几乎不”。11A.faith BreliefChonor Dcredit解析faith意为“信仰，信念”；relief意为“宽慰；减轻”；honor意为“荣耀，荣誉”；credit意为“信任”。因为天气预报很少准确，英国人当然不能非常相信气象预报员。have faith in sb.意为“信任某人”，为固定短语，故A项正确。12A.put out Bmake outCturn out Dfind out解析put out意为“熄灭”；make out意为“理解；辨认出”；turn out意为“最后，结果是，最终成为”；find out意为“查明”。气象预报员的预报很多情况下被证实是错的，故C项符合语境。13A.considerationBpredictionCapprovalDappreciation解析consideration意为“考虑，体谅”；prediction意为“预测”；approval意为“赞成”；appreciation意为“欣赏，感激”。上文提到气象预报员的预报不准，此处表示街上的人似乎和气象预报中的预报员一样准确或者不准确。故B项符合语境。14A.aboutBonCinDto解析此处考查结构make reference to的用法，意为“谈及，提及”，为固定搭配，故D项正确。15A.startedBconductedCreplacedDproposed解析start意为“开始”；conduct意为“管理；引导”；replace意为“替换”；propose意为“提议，计划”。根据下文可知，此处表示寒暄经常会被谈论天气取代(replaced)。16A.Since BAlthoughCHoweverDOnly if解析句意为：尽管外国人可能会认为这有些夸张和滑稽，但值得指出的是，了解这些对他是有好处的。根据下半句中的it is worthwhile.可知此处用连词although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。17A.benefit BadvantageCdisadvantage Dfavor解析benefit意为“好处，益处”；advantage意为“优势，有利条件”；disadvantage意为“缺点，不利条件”；favor意为“喜爱，欢心”。to ones advantage表示“对有利”，为固定搭配。18A.at a lossBin detailCin groupsDon occasion解析at a loss意为“茫然，困惑”；in detail意为“详细地”；in groups意为“成群地，分组的”；on occasion意为“有时，偶尔”。外国人想要和英国人攀谈，但又不知道怎样开头，那就不妨先谈谈天气，故A项正确。19A.avoidable BsteadyCoptionalDsafe解析avoidable意为“可避免的”；steady意为“稳定的，稳固的”；optional意为“可选择的，随意的”；safe意为“安全的”。根据英国人对天气话题的热爱可知谈论天气是一个安全的话题，故D项正确。20A.expectedBaskedCwishedDreminded解析expect sth.of sb.意为“要求，指望”，为固定用法。.阅读理解(2016广州市高三测试)In 1800，only three percent of the worlds population lived in cities.Only one cityBeijing had a population of over a million.Most people lived in rural areas，and never saw a city in their lives.In 1900，just a hundred years later，roughly 150 million people lived in cities，and the worlds ten largest cities all had populations exceeding one million.By 2000，the number of city dwellers exceeded three billion；and in 2008，the worlds population crossed a tipping pointmore than half of the people on Earth lived in cities.By 2050，that could increase to over twothirds.Clearly，humans have become an urban species.In the 19th and early 20th centuries，many people viewed cities negativelycrowded，dirty environments full of disease and crime.They feared that as cities got bigger，living conditions would worsen.In recent decades，however，attitudes have changed.Many experts now think urbanization(城市化) is good news，offering solutions to the problems of Earths growing population.Harvard economist Edward Glaeser，author of The Victory of the City，is one such person.Glaeser argues that cities are very productive because“the absence of space between people”reduces the cost of transporting goods，people，and ideas.While the flow of goods has always been important to cities，what is the most important today is the flow of ideas.Successful cities enable people to learn from each other easily，and attract and reward smart people with higher wages.Another urbanization supporter is environmentalist Stewart Brand.Brand believes cities help the environment because they allow half of the worlds population to live on about four percent of the land.This leaves more space for open country，such as farmland.City dwellers also have less impact per person on the environment than people in the countryside.Their roads，sewers，and power lines need fewer resources to build and operate.City apartments require less energy to heat，cool，and light.Most importantly，people in cities drive less so they produce fewer greenhouse gases per person.So its a mistake to see urbanization as evil；its a natural part of development.The challenge is how to manage the growth.文章大意：近两三个世纪以来城市化发展迅速，有人认为城市化导致了很多问题，也有人认为它带来了许多好处。1What is Paragraph 1 mainly about？_C_AThe history of modern cities.BChanges taking place within cities.CHow cities have grown over time.DWhy modern cities are changing.解析细节理解题。通读文章第一段可知，随着时间的推移，城市人口越来越多，故此段说明了城市化的发展情况。故选C项。2How have experts attitudes toward cities changed in recent decades？_D_AThey now view the weaknesses as strengths.BThey no longer see cityliving as attractive.CThey accept city life in spite of its problems.DThey think cityliving provides more benefits.解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句Many experts now think urbanization is good news，offering solutions to the problems of Earths growing population.可知，许多专家现在认为城市化是好消息，因为它为地球上不断增长的人口问题提供了解决方法。故选D项。3Which of the following would Edward Glaeser agree with？_A_ACities provide more economic opportunities.BCity people get along better with each other.COvercrowded cities result in problems.DCities limit the flow of ideas.解析推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句Glaeser argues that cities are very productive.和最后一句Successful cities enable people to learn from each other easily，and attract and reward smart people with higher wages.可知，格莱泽认为城市是非常多产的，成功的城市容易使人们互相学习而且会用更高的工资吸引和回馈聪明人，因此他同意“城市提供了更多的经济机会”。故选A项。4According to Paragraph 4，what would be the result of moving people out of cities？_B_AEconomic production would be reduced.BThere would be less farmland available.CPeople would travel less frequently.DHouse values would fall greatly.解析推理判断题。根据文章第四段第二、三句Brand believes cities help the environment because they allow half of the worlds population to live on about four percent of the land.This leaves more space for open country，such as farmland.可知，布兰德认为城市对环境有益，因为城市让世界的一半人口住在大约百分之四的土地上，这给农村更多的空间，比如农田。由此推断，如果让人们搬出城市，将会导致可使用的农田变少。故选B项。.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Trees around us are extremely important and have alwaysbeen necessary for improving the human conditions.Our existing forests and trees we plant work to make a better world. _1.F_. Here is a short list of main reasons trees are necessary for improving our living conditions.Trees produce oxygen _2.A_. A leafy tree produces as much oxygen in a season as 10 people inhale in a year. What many people dont realize is that the forest also acts as a giant filter that cleans the air we breathe. Trees help clean the air by preventing airborne particles, reducing heat, and absorbing such pollutants. Trees clean the soilThe termphytoremediationisa fancy word for the absorption of dangerous chemicals and other pollutants that have entered the soil. _3.G_ Trees filter(过滤) sewage and farm chemicals, reduce the effects of animal wastes, clean roadside spills and so on.Trees are carbon sinksTo produce its food, a tree absorbs and locks away carbon dioxide in the wood, roots and leaves.Carbon dioxide is a global warming suspect. _4.C_. This lockingup process “stores” carbon as wood and not as a “greenhouse” gas. _5.D_Trees block urban noise almost as effectively as stone walls. Trees, planted at strategic points in a neighborhood or around your house, can reduce major noises from freeways and airports.AWe could not exist as we do if there were no treesBTrees help clean the skyCA forest is a carbon storage area that can lock up as much carbon as it producesDTrees control noise pollutionEMan has been planting trees to make the planet a more beautiful worldFThe modern human community has other more practical reasons to admire and honor treesGTrees can either store harmful pollutants or change the pollutants into less harmful forms文章大意：树对人类的生存环境起着重要的作用。无论是天然林还是人工林，都在美化着这个星球。树在哪些方面造福我们呢？解析1.空格的前句说的是地球上的自然林和我们种植的树木一起创造更好的世界。空格后的句子是说这里有一个关于树对改善我们的生存环境非常必要的重要原因的简单列表。故F项“当今的人类还有其他更现实的理由敬佩、珍视树木”起承上启下的作用，符合语境。2根据下文可知，此处是说树所生产的氧气帮助我们存活，故A项符合语境。3由空后的内容可知，树木会过滤污水和农业用药，减少动物粪便的影响及清理路边的污物等，故G项能概括此处描述的内容。4根据空前的“locks away carbon dioxide”和空后的“This lockingup processstorescarbon”可知答案。5结合本段内容可知，此处讲的是树木可以减少噪音污染，故D项符合文意。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。This is a story of a little girl and her grandmother. One day, I was looking for medicine in a store _1.when_ I saw an old woman with a little girl in her arms. The little girl asked her grandmother，“ _2.What_do you think about a brand new face cream that is supposed_3.to_reduce_(reduce) laugh lines？”The